Recurring concern

Inadequate staff competence to provide first aid

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First reported 30 Oct 2013•Latest report 15 Jun 2026

Definition

What this concern includes

Includes deficiencies in first-aid or basic-life-support training, currency, refresher provision, competence assessment, practical skill, emergency recognition or ability to provide CPR and other appropriate first aid where these concern staff expected or likely to respond to emergencies.

Not included

  • Excludes failures concerning unrelated professional, clinical or record-keeping competence where first aid is not the safety issue.
  • Excludes missing or inadequate first-aid equipment, facilities or emergency procedures unless the assertion also directly concerns staff competence to use them.
  • Excludes delays or failures by emergency services or other responders that are not attributed to staff first-aid competence.
  • Excludes generic workforce training deficiencies without a direct first-aid or basic-life-support component.
Reports
95

Distinct published reports

Individual concerns
111

A report can raise multiple concerns

Date range
2013–2026

First to latest report issue date

Stated actions
176

Described in published responses

Reports over time

Reports over time

Reports about this concern issued each year.

* 2026 is projected from reports observed to 7 Sep 2026.

Most frequent recipients

Most frequent recipients

Reports about this concern sent to each recipient.

HM Prison and Probation Service18
Department of Health and Social Care10
Care Quality Commission9
Ministry of Justice9
NHS England7
Pentonville Prison6
Department for Education5
Practice Plus Group4
Care UK3
Department for Transport3
London Ambulance Service NHS Trust3
College of Policing2
Health and Safety Executive2
Metropolitan Police Service2
North West Ambulance Service NHS Trust2

Concerns and responses across reports

Only concerns grouped under this recurring concern are included. Select any concern, action or position to view the source wording.

  1. Liverpool and the Wirral

    AI-generated summary

    Luke Myers · Prevention of Future Deaths report

    This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.

    Report summary

    Luke Myers was found hanging from a bunk-bed in his prison cell on 4 February 2013 and was pronounced dead after resuscitation attempts were unsuccessful. The report raised concerns about the miscalculation of his sentence, which the inquest jury found was a likely factor in his death, and about the length of time since prison discipline staff had received first-aid training.

    Read the report on judiciary.uk

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Failure to maintain current first-aid training for prison staff working alone at night

    Wider context from the report

    “(2) During the course of the inquest evidence was heard from two members of Prison discipline staff that they had last been trained in first aid respectively 10 and 6 years ago. In other circumstances this could have had an effect on the outcome. At night officers can be lone working on a wing and presumably you would agree that it would be desirable for any such officer to be first aid trained. First aid training in low hazardous work place environments is usually certified for three years before refresher requalification is needed. You consideration and plan for first aid training in prisons would be very welcome. ”

    Source location

    Luke Myers · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 2 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Provide first aid training to all Custodial Managers undertaking orderly officer duties.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “First Aid Training Individual establishments carry out a risk assessment to determine how many, and which, staff should be trained in ‘First aid at work’. HMP Liverpool has 24 hour healthcare cover, and this is sufficient to meet the identified needs. All nursing staff are qualified nurses and hold an ‘Intermediate life support’ qualification as part of their training. In addition, first aid training is being provided to all Custodial Managers who carry out orderly officer duties, ensuring that there will be an additional trained member of staff on duty at all times, and Operational Support Grade staff will also be trained.”

    Source location

    2015-0292-Response-by-Ministry-of-Justice
    Page 1 · response
    Published 20 July 2015

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Provide first aid training to Operational Support Grade staff.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “First Aid Training Individual establishments carry out a risk assessment to determine how many, and which, staff should be trained in ‘First aid at work’. HMP Liverpool has 24 hour healthcare cover, and this is sufficient to meet the identified needs. All nursing staff are qualified nurses and hold an ‘Intermediate life support’ qualification as part of their training. In addition, first aid training is being provided to all Custodial Managers who carry out orderly officer duties, ensuring that there will be an additional trained member of staff on duty at all times, and Operational Support Grade staff will also be trained.”

    Source location

    2015-0292-Response-by-Ministry-of-Justice
    Page 1 · response
    Published 20 July 2015

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent position was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Twenty-four-hour healthcare cover is sufficient to meet identified first-aid training needs at HMP Liverpool.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “First Aid Training Individual establishments carry out a risk assessment to determine how many, and which, staff should be trained in ‘First aid at work’. HMP Liverpool has 24 hour healthcare cover, and this is sufficient to meet the identified needs. All nursing staff are qualified nurses and hold an ‘Intermediate life support’ qualification as part of their training. In addition, first aid training is being provided to all Custodial Managers who carry out orderly officer duties, ensuring that there will be an additional trained member of staff on duty at all times, and Operational Support Grade staff will also be trained.”

    Source location

    2015-0292-Response-by-Ministry-of-Justice
    Page 1 · response
    Published 20 July 2015

    Open published response
  2. Manchester South

    AI-generated summary

    Kathleen Eaton · Prevention of Future Deaths report

    This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.

    Report summary

    Kathleen Eaton fell in her bedroom on 26 January 2015 and was lifted using a blow-up ‘hoist’ before being left awaiting her regular carers. She was later taken to hospital, where she was found to have damage to and around her brain; the inquest recorded subdural and subarachnoid haemorrhage, recurrent falls, and other medical conditions. Concerns included inadequate training and procedures for assessing head injuries and uncertainty about when to summon an ambulance, as well as the distance between the care service base and the deceased’s home.

    Read the report on judiciary.uk

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Lack of current training for assessing medical issues

    Wider context from the report

    “1. The emergency trust link officer employed by Peaks and Plains conceded that she had no formal training in assessing medical issues. In her statement she had said “I am fully first aid trained” yet in evidence it emerged that she had received this training after the date of his death. It would also appear that her earlier First Aid certificate may well have expired ”

    Source location

    Kathleen Eaton · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 1 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Introduce mandatory first-aid training before Responder attendance and require certificates to remain current.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “ACTION TAKEN: Following the inquest into Mrs Eaton's death, PPHT and the Council have had discussions about amending the terms of the contract and making it a requirement that: (a) first aid training is provided before any Responder can attend; and (b) first aid certificates are obtained and must not be permitted to expire.”

    Source location

    2015-0236-Peaks-and-Plains-Housing-Trust
    Page 3 · response
    Published 22 June 2015

    Open published response
  3. Surrey

    AI-generated summary

    Keith John MURPHY · Prevention of Future Deaths report

    This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.

    Report summary

    Keith John Murphy became physically ill in prison after using SPICE and was later found on his cell floor, where he was pronounced dead on 18 July 2013. The report raises concerns about basic first aid, CPR and defibrillator training for prison staff, and the availability of Healthcare staff outside the hours of 7am to 6.30pm.

    Read the report on judiciary.uk

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Lack of basic first aid training for prison officers and staff with direct access to prisoners

    Wider context from the report

    “1. Action is required to ensure that Prison Officers and Staff with direct access to prisoners have basic first aid training, CPR training and familiarisation with the use of a defibrillator. ”

    Source location

    Keith John MURPHY · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 2 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Train all Custodial Managers in first aid to ensure trained staff are always available.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “First Aid training for prison staff PSI 01/2014 First Aid describes the process for ensuring effective provision of first aid that enables NOMS to discharge its duty of care to its employees, to prisoners and to visitors to our premises. Governors are required to ensure that at all times such a number of suitably trained first aiders as is sufficient and appropriate for the circumstances at their prison is available. A First Aid risks/needs assessment is undertaken by the local Health and Safety Advisor to determine the appropriate numbers. Governors must ensure that first aiders are trained to levels which are appropriate for the circumstances and hold a valid certificate of competence in either First Aid at Work (FAW) or Emergency First Aid at Work (EFAW).”

    Source location

    2015-0120-Response-by-NOMS
    Page 1 · response
    Published 25 March 2015

    Open published response
  4. West Yorkshire Eastern

    AI-generated summary

    Alison Dawn Evers · Prevention of Future Deaths report

    This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.

    Report summary

    Alison Dawn Evers, who was dependent on care staff and had swallowing difficulties, suffered hypoxia and cardiac arrest after choking on a sweet given contrary to her dietary support plan. The principal concerns were the lack of a written no-treats policy, the absence of a policy ensuring first-aid-trained staff on every shift, and the level of first-aid training among healthcare support workers.

    Read the report on judiciary.uk

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Insufficient first-aid training level among health support workers

    Wider context from the report

    “(3) Level of first Aid training of health support workers, particularly if working with service users who suffer from cognitive and/or physical impairment and are dependant on carers to meet their personal and dietary needs. ”

    Source location

    Alison Dawn Evers · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 2 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Provide and renew First Aid at Work and Fundamental First Aid training through a continuing professional-development programme.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “The Council provides staff with First Aid Training as part of its on-going programme of continuing professional development. The courses which are provided are First Aid in Work and Fundamental First Aid.”

    Source location

    2015-0074-Response-by-Leeds-City-Council
    Page 5 · response
    Published 2 March 2015

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent position was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    The existing first-aid training regime adequately addresses concerns about staff first-aid competence, so additional training is unnecessary.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “The Council provides staff with First Aid Training as part of its on-going programme of continuing professional development. The courses which are provided are First Aid in Work and Fundamental First Aid.”

    Source location

    2015-0074-Response-by-Leeds-City-Council
    Page 5 · response
    Published 2 March 2015

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent position was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    There is no need to engage health support workers because customers generally do not have complex or additional medical needs.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “As previously mentioned, the customers that are served by the Learning Disability Community Support Service do not generally present with complex and additional medical needs. There is therefore no need for the service to engage the services of “health support workers” as mentioned in the Coroner’s report.”

    Source location

    2015-0074-Response-by-Leeds-City-Council
    Page 5 · response
    Published 2 March 2015

    Open published response
  5. Carmarthenshire and Pembrokeshire

    AI-generated summary

    John Keith William Shelley · Prevention of Future Deaths report

    This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.

    Report summary

    John Keith William Shelley, who was wholly dependent on others following a brain injury at birth, consumed fairy liquid at a residential care home and quickly became ill. There was a significant delay in seeking and communicating advice, no timely contact with emergency services despite deterioration, and evidence that some care staff lacked current basic life-support training.

    Read the report on judiciary.uk

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Failure to ensure staff in caring roles have current basic life support training

    Wider context from the report

    “That staff employed by the Health Board in caring roles should undertake basic first aid training and receive regular up-dates. There was information before the inquest that some staff at the residential unit had received no basic life support training and in relation to other staff members it was out-of-date. ”

    Source location

    John Keith William Shelley · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 2 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Train all residential-unit staff in Basic Life Support.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “Moving on to the second group of staff, our Healthcare Support Workers, who comprise the majority of the staff employed in this residential unit; they have not routinely been trained in Basic Life Support or “first aid”. Although if this had been requested and subject to capacity, this could be undertaken. This has been because the focus of the Simulation & Resuscitation Team has been to deliver training directly to all clinical staff annually within the Health Board. Risk assessments approved by the Health Board Resuscitation Committee have resulted in prioritising the training to high risk areas.”

    Source location

    2014-0352-Response-by-University-Health-Board
    Page 1 · response
    Published 31 July 2014

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Evaluate training options for healthcare support staff focused on recognising and responding to life-threatening conditions.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “In terms of moving further forwards, we have also looked at other options which may be available for healthcare support staff, should this would be appropriate. We are evaluating options for training these staff groups to target “life threatening conditions”. We feel that a specifically targeted approach to life threatening conditions will provide the best type cover and will be more specific than a generalised first aid course. This course will include recognition & response to life threatening conditions i.e. heart attack, choking, serious bleeding including cardiac arrest and is recognised by The British Heart Foundation.”

    Source location

    2014-0352-Response-by-University-Health-Board
    Page 2 · response
    Published 31 July 2014

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Use a risk-based approach to determine which healthcare support staff require life-threatening-conditions training, including those working unsupervised.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “We will be taking a risk based approach to determine which staff will require this level of training, which will include if they will be working unsupervised i.e. without the direct support of trained clinical staff.”

    Source location

    2014-0352-Response-by-University-Health-Board
    Page 2 · response
    Published 31 July 2014

    Open published response
  6. Leicester City and South Leicestershire

    AI-generated summary

    Christopher John Royal · Prevention of Future Deaths report

    This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.

    Report summary

    Christopher John Royal suffered a cardiac event on 25 January 2013 and was found collapsed in the en-suite bathroom of Baron’s Park Nursing Home; CPR was unsuccessful. Concerns included unreliable 15-minute observation records, inadequate emergency response and first-aid training, and the potential impact of lengthy staff shifts on care.

    Read the report on judiciary.uk

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Failure to maintain effective and current first aid training and competence

    Wider context from the report

    “2) Evidence was taken that the Matron did not have a valid First Aid Certificate at the time of this event; it had expired in 2011. There was evidence that the nursing home staff response to this medical emergency was inadequate and insufficient. One member of staff said although First Aid trained she did not feel competent to carry out CPR. First Aid training is essential in a Nursing Home environment, and there should be in place a proper system to ensure training is provided, updated, effective and understood. An annual system of review and/or appraisal may assist in the monitoring process and allow staff feedback and concerns reporting. ”

    Source location

    Christopher John Royal · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 2 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Review and strengthen the staff training system using a skills matrix and training plan.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “a) After the death of Mr Royal in January 2013, and upon finding at this time that Matron’s first aid training had lapsed, we immediately reviewed our training system and the implementation of such, and deployed our skills matrix to highlight an overview of staff training. Since February 2013, we have developed a more robust training matrix which focuses on some of the key training of staff within a nursing environment. The matrix enclosed (appendix C), shows our progress to date and shows that the majority of our nursing and care staff have (during the past 18 months), undertaken training in many mandatory courses. This is an ongoing process and we enclose (appendix D) a copy of our training plan which shows our program for this year. We will continue to monitor staff training records.”

    Source location

    Royal-2014-0354-Response
    Page 2 · response
    Published 30 July 2014

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Allocate staff to scheduled training sessions rather than relying on open attendance.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “As part of this development, we now also allocate staff to attend sessions as opposed to our previous process of “open attendance requirements”. We have also added a clause to employment contracts which makes a requirement to keep training “in-date” and allows us to take further action if this is not the case.”

    Source location

    Royal-2014-0354-Response
    Page 2 · response
    Published 30 July 2014

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Require employees to keep training current through an employment-contract clause.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “As part of this development, we now also allocate staff to attend sessions as opposed to our previous process of “open attendance requirements”. We have also added a clause to employment contracts which makes a requirement to keep training “in-date” and allows us to take further action if this is not the case.”

    Source location

    Royal-2014-0354-Response
    Page 2 · response
    Published 30 July 2014

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Provide key-area training to all nursing and care staff.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “b) We are now ensuring that all nursing/care staff receive training in key areas. To monitor the effectiveness of this, we will be reviewing training sessions with staff to find out how effective the session has been and to find out if there are any remaining shortcomings. From our findings, we can arrange further training if needed, source an alternative provider or continue to implement if all received. We are commencing this program of monitoring and review with effect from 1st September 2014.”

    Source location

    Royal-2014-0354-Response
    Page 2 · response
    Published 30 July 2014

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Review training effectiveness through staff feedback and course-participant evaluation.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “b) We are now ensuring that all nursing/care staff receive training in key areas. To monitor the effectiveness of this, we will be reviewing training sessions with staff to find out how effective the session has been and to find out if there are any remaining shortcomings. From our findings, we can arrange further training if needed, source an alternative provider or continue to implement if all received. We are commencing this program of monitoring and review with effect from 1st September 2014.”

    Source location

    Royal-2014-0354-Response
    Page 2 · response
    Published 30 July 2014

    Open published response
  7. Manchester South

    AI-generated summary

    Edna Smither · Prevention of Future Deaths report

    This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.

    Report summary

    Edna Smither choked on sausage while being fed lunch at Peel Moat Care Home on 25 April 2013 and died later that day in hospital. Concerns included limited up-to-date first-aid certification, a delay caused by a locked door, panic and a lack of calm leadership or training, and failures to report incidents under RIDDOR without delay.

    Read the report on judiciary.uk

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Lack of up-to-date first aid certification and choking-response knowledge among staff

    Wider context from the report

    “1. It transpired during the course of the hearing that only one (comparatively junior) member of staff present on the day of the incident and death, had a First Aid certificate which was ‘in date’. Whilst I recognise that there is no legal requirement for this, none the less I feel it would be very helpful for all staff to have up-to-date certification, so that they would know when to, and how to, carry out abdominal thrusts to dislodge food boluses etc. ”

    Source location

    Edna Smither · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 1 · concerns

    Open source report
  8. Bedfordshire and Luton

    AI-generated summary

    Terence Vincent Anthony FERNANDES · Prevention of Future Deaths report

    This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.

    Report summary

    Terence Vincent Anthony FERNANDES collapsed on a train on 23 January 2013 after drinking alcohol, suffered cardiac arrest associated with airway occlusion, and died in hospital on 25 January 2013. The report raised concern that the train and station personnel who assisted him had no basic first-aid training and may not have recognised that his airway was partially occluded.

    Read the report on judiciary.uk

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Lack of basic first aid training for personnel responding to unwell passengers

    Wider context from the report

    “(1) Terence Fernandes had become seriously unwell during the journey from Blackfriars to St. Albans whilst a passenger on a train. He was taken off the train by the driver, security staff and staff in attendance at the station and yet none of the personnel had even basic first aid training. If someone had had even limited first aid knowledge they may have been able to recognise that Terence’s airway had become partially occluded. ”

    Source location

    Terence Vincent Anthony FERNANDES · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 2 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Review passenger illness assistance and share TOC approaches to first-aid training and briefing through the Safety Forum and Operations Council.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “Your Report has led to a further review of how passengers who are taken ill are assisted and sharing of TOC approaches to first aid training and briefing. These detailed discussions took place within the quarterly ATOC Safety Forum in June and at the quarterly Operations Council meeting in July. One of the actions arising from these discussions was for the Council to direct ATOC to write to its members to explicitly alert them to the circumstances of Mr Fernandes’ death and suggest that they consider, as part of each TOC’s continuous obligation to keep its risk assessments under review, whether any changes should be made to the first aid arrangements they have in place at each of their stations. The discussions also reminded members of the importance of the proper recovery position, and casualty management of unconscious persons, which are very infrequent events per location.”

    Source location

    2014-0220-Response
    Page 2 · response
    Published 12 May 2014

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Send members an electronic notification about the death, recovery position, and consideration of changes to station first-aid arrangements.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “Your Report has led to a further review of how passengers who are taken ill are assisted and sharing of TOC approaches to first aid training and briefing. These detailed discussions took place within the quarterly ATOC Safety Forum in June and at the quarterly Operations Council meeting in July. One of the actions arising from these discussions was for the Council to direct ATOC to write to its members to explicitly alert them to the circumstances of Mr Fernandes’ death and suggest that they consider, as part of each TOC’s continuous obligation to keep its risk assessments under review, whether any changes should be made to the first aid arrangements they have in place at each of their stations. The discussions also reminded members of the importance of the proper recovery position, and casualty management of unconscious persons, which are very infrequent events per location.”

    Source location

    2014-0220-Response
    Page 2 · response
    Published 12 May 2014

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent position was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Individual train operating companies decide and implement proportionate responses to passenger illness risks based on their own risk assessments.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “As noted in my previous letter, ATOC is answerable to its members – it does not direct them; they direct it. However, groups such as the Council and Forum make it possible to alert members to risks associated with their operations and the safety and welfare of their passengers and staff – including those taken ill – and to influence how they respond through facilitation and cross-member discussions.”

    Source location

    2014-0220-Response
    Page 1 · response
    Published 12 May 2014

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent position was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Individual companies’ ongoing review of existing first-aid arrangements is considered a sufficient national response, rather than requiring prescriptive uniform measures.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “ATOC works with its members and other parties as necessary to identify and provide guidance on matters that are common to the majority of its members. A good example of this is the ATOC Guidance Note ‘Responding to Ill Customer on Trains’, issued in October 2013. Rather than suggest prescriptive arrangements, this includes a recommendation that TOCs should identify suitable stations along each line of route over which they operate at which a passenger who has a life-threatening or other illness can be passed directly into the care of ambulance staff. Clearly the number of such suitable stations is highly dependent on the geography – in some areas there may be considerable distances between stations which are staffed and offer more than the most basic of shelter facilities.”

    Source location

    2014-0220-Response
    Page 2 · response
    Published 12 May 2014

    Open published response
  9. South and West Cambridgeshire

    AI-generated summary

    STEPHEN ANTHONY BEDFORD · Prevention of Future Deaths report

    This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.

    Report summary

    Stephen Anthony Bedford, aged 33, experienced chest pain at a gym on 31 July 2012, collapsed at a health centre, and was diagnosed with an ST elevation myocardial infarction before being transferred to Papworth Hospital, where his death was confirmed. The inquest recorded acute myocardial ischaemia and coronary artery thrombosis, and stated that the outcome might have been different with a more timely transfer to the specialist coronary intervention centre. Concerns included ambulance staff assessment and training, the attendance of appropriately trained paramedics on transfers, adherence to the PPCI protocol, ECG training, and communication with relatives.

    Read the report on judiciary.uk

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Failure to provide Emergency Care Assistants and Emergency Medical Technicians with attendance at Immediate Life Support courses

    Wider context from the report

    “6. Whether ECA’s and EMT’s should be provided with additional training and instruction on the full operation and interpretation of ECG machines and whether they should attend the Trust’s ILS Courses. ”

    Source location

    STEPHEN ANTHONY BEDFORD · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 1 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Failure to assess Emergency Care Assistants and Emergency Medical Technicians at intervals for compliance with life-support standards and scope of practice

    Wider context from the report

    “(1) Whether the Trust’s Emergency Care Assistants (ECA) and Emergency Medical Technicians (EMT) are assessed at intervals to ensure compliance with Basic Life Support(BLS) and Immediate Life Support (ILS) standards and scope of practice. ”

    Source location

    STEPHEN ANTHONY BEDFORD · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 1 · concerns

    Open source report
  10. North London

    AI-generated summary

    Adrian Anthony Cowan · Prevention of Future Deaths report

    This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.

    Report summary

    Adrian Anthony Cowan, who was detained under the Mental Health Act 1983, had a seizure on 14 June 2012 and was later found unresponsive in his room after being observed breathing normally. The inquest recorded natural causes, with pulmonary thromboembolism and deep vein thrombosis as the medical cause of death, alongside epilepsy and diabetes. Concerns related to unclear emergency-response guidance, including the failure to require the duty doctor to attend, and staff difficulties in responding calmly and applying basic life-support training.

    Read the report on judiciary.uk

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Failure of nursing staff to apply basic life-support training

    Wider context from the report

    “(2) Some of the nursing staff were not able, when responding to Mr Cowan being found collapsed, act in a calm coordinated manner and were not able to apply the training they had received in basic life support. ”

    Source location

    Adrian Anthony Cowan · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 2 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Revise and regularly run lifelike-manikin resuscitation assessments and practical sessions across Forensic Service and Trust wards.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “In order to improve the confidence and competence of staff’s application of resuscitation techniques, regular assessments and practical sessions have been implemented using a lifelike manikin, designed to offer a highly realistic platform for the teaching of resuscitation. This approach is being revised and will in future be run regularly across all wards within the Forensic Service and the Trust. I have asked our Resuscitation Officer to conduct unannounced resuscitation scenarios across the Forensic wards so that we may further strengthen staffs ability to respond in an emergency situation.”

    Source location

    2014-0111-Response
    Page 2 · response
    Published 7 February 2014

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Conduct unannounced resuscitation scenarios across Forensic wards to strengthen emergency response.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “In order to improve the confidence and competence of staff’s application of resuscitation techniques, regular assessments and practical sessions have been implemented using a lifelike manikin, designed to offer a highly realistic platform for the teaching of resuscitation. This approach is being revised and will in future be run regularly across all wards within the Forensic Service and the Trust. I have asked our Resuscitation Officer to conduct unannounced resuscitation scenarios across the Forensic wards so that we may further strengthen staffs ability to respond in an emergency situation.”

    Source location

    2014-0111-Response
    Page 2 · response
    Published 7 February 2014

    Open published response
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Data last updated 7 September 2026