Recurring concern

Insufficient medical staffing capacity for timely patient care

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First reported 7 Jan 2013•Latest report 4 Feb 2026

Definition

What this concern includes

Includes failures of doctor or medical staffing capacity, coverage, availability or resilience that delay or prevent timely patient review, assessment, emergency response, clinical queries, home visits or other required patient care.

Not included

  • Excludes delays or failures caused by non-staffing factors such as escalation, appointment management, documentation, information access or clinical decision-making when adequate staffing is available.
  • Excludes poor-quality assessment or review where the evidence does not identify insufficient medical staffing capacity as the unsafe condition.
  • Excludes staffing deficiencies unrelated to timely patient care, such as excessive working hours without a supported patient-care impact.
Reports
57

Distinct published reports

Individual concerns
61

A report can raise multiple concerns

Date range
2013–2026

First to latest report issue date

Stated actions
118

Described in published responses

Reports over time

Reports over time

Reports about this concern issued each year.

* 2026 is projected from reports observed to 7 Sep 2026.

Most frequent recipients

Most frequent recipients

Reports about this concern sent to each recipient.

Department of Health and Social Care14
NHS England11
Stockport NHS Foundation Trust3
Barts Health NHS Trust2
Birmingham and Solihull Mental Health NHS Foundation Trust2
NHS Greater Manchester Integrated Care Board2
Royal College of Emergency Medicine2
Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health2
Royal College of Radiologists2
South Western Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust2
University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust2
University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust2
Aneurin Bevan University LHB1
Ashford and St Peter'S Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust1
Betsi Cadwaladr University LHB1

Concerns and responses across reports

Only concerns grouped under this recurring concern are included. Select any concern, action or position to view the source wording.

  1. South Wales Central

    AI-generated summary

    Joan Marilyn READ · Prevention of Future Deaths report

    This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.

    Report summary

    Joan Marilyn Read, aged 91, died at the University Hospital of Wales on 18 March 2025 after a period of deterioration and decline. A severely deranged B12 result was not communicated or treated following her 2023 admission, and the report states that failure to address the deficiency more than minimally contributed to her death. The principal concern was the absence of year-round cross-cover for the single consultant responsible for geriatric perioperative care, creating a risk that urgent results could be missed during absences.

    Read the report on judiciary.uk

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Lack of cross-cover for geriatric perioperative care during consultant absence

    Wider context from the report

    “(1) Evidence revealed that a single medical consultant is responsible for geriatric perioperative care (POPS). There is no cross-cover during periods of expected and unexpected absence. There is a risk that deranged test results or other urgent results will be missed when that doctor is absent; (2) Without a robust system for cross-cover 52 weeks per year recognised within another doctor’s job plan, this risk will likely continue, despite huge positive strides in communicating test results within the Trust. ”

    Source location

    Joan Marilyn READ · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 2 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Failure to establish year-round cross-cover within a doctor’s job plan

    Wider context from the report

    “(1) Evidence revealed that a single medical consultant is responsible for geriatric perioperative care (POPS). There is no cross-cover during periods of expected and unexpected absence. There is a risk that deranged test results or other urgent results will be missed when that doctor is absent; (2) Without a robust system for cross-cover 52 weeks per year recognised within another doctor’s job plan, this risk will likely continue, despite huge positive strides in communicating test results within the Trust. ”

    Source location

    Joan Marilyn READ · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 3 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Use interim escalation, specialty review and structured documentation arrangements to provide POPS result cross-cover.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “We acknowledge the coroner’s concerns regarding the absence of POPS consultant cross-cover and the associated risk of delays in reviewing results or acting on abnormal findings. If further consultant support is needed out of hours, then the on-call service for hospital cover would be contacted POPS Consultant Cross-Cover – Interim Mitigation (Implemented).”

    Source location

    2026-0055 - Response from Cardiff and Vale University Health Board
    Page 2 · response
    Published 4 February 2026

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Develop a POPS cross-cover rota.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “Expansion of the POPS Service – Sustainable Long-Term Plan (In Progress)”

    Source location

    2026-0055 - Response from Cardiff and Vale University Health Board
    Page 2 · response
    Published 4 February 2026

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Prioritise consultant workforce expansion to support 52-week POPS service continuity.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “Expansion of the POPS Service – Sustainable Long-Term Plan (In Progress)”

    Source location

    2026-0055 - Response from Cardiff and Vale University Health Board
    Page 2 · response
    Published 4 February 2026

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Embed senior decision-making resilience within emergency and surgical pathways.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “Expansion of the POPS Service – Sustainable Long-Term Plan (In Progress)”

    Source location

    2026-0055 - Response from Cardiff and Vale University Health Board
    Page 2 · response
    Published 4 February 2026

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Implement a strengthened SOP requiring telephone communication, escalation and documentation for critically low Vitamin B12 results.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “Strengthened Laboratory SOP for Critically Low B12 Results (Implemented)”

    Source location

    2026-0055 - Response from Cardiff and Vale University Health Board
    Page 3 · response
    Published 4 February 2026

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Reinforce senior-clinician WCP result review and conduct twice-weekly POPS checks for abnormalities.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “Routine Electronic Communication via Welsh Clinical Portal (WCP) – Reinforced Use”

    Source location

    2026-0055 - Response from Cardiff and Vale University Health Board
    Page 4 · response
    Published 4 February 2026

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent position was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Organisational financial constraints prevent immediate completion of POPS service expansion and additional consultant workforce, although expansion remains an ongoing strategic objective.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “Expansion of the POPS service remains a recognised clinical need. Given organisational financial constraints, this is an ongoing strategic objective, but the Health Board is committed to:”

    Source location

    2026-0055 - Response from Cardiff and Vale University Health Board
    Page 2 · response
    Published 4 February 2026

    Open published response
  2. Cumbria

    AI-generated summary

    Thomas Raymond Mallinson · Prevention of Future Deaths report

    This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.

    Report summary

    Thomas Raymond Mallinson became unwell with vomiting and diarrhoea and, after repeated contacts with health services over four days, was admitted to hospital gravely ill. He developed cardiogenic shock and acute kidney failure and died on 23 November 2024. The report raised concerns about delays and gaps in responsibility and communication across general practice, out-of-hours care, and ambulance services, and described the delay as amounting to neglect.

    Read the report on judiciary.uk

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Insufficient overnight capacity to triage waiting calls

    Wider context from the report

    “(2) To Cumbria Health (CH). Thomas's case was sent electronically to the service, marked for 2 hour attention. I appreciate why this did not take place as it was impossible for clinicians on night duty to triage a large number of calls waiting while actually visiting and treating their caseload. I note a new "OPEL" system has since been instituted to try to escalate and get extra help as the number of calls waiting increases, but where will these extra resources come from overnight? I am also concerned that the referral from NWAS came as a result of a 999 emergency phone call but there seemed to be no way of telling NWAS that the call had not been dealt with and (presumably) passing responsibility back to them. As referred to above -where does responsibility lie? ”

    Source location

    Thomas Raymond Mallinson · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 3 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Implement an overnight process for breached response times, including welfare calls and priority clinical escalation where deterioration is suspected.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “In terms of the updated policy, we have put in place a clear process for managing calls that we cannot deal with overnight to reduce the risk of simply handing them all back to the daytime GP practices (page 13 in Clinical Operational Policy). We now provide a welfare call to patients in the overnight period in whom we have breached their response times. If there are concerns of deterioration then the case is escalated to a Clinician as priority. As discussed at inquest we will be adopting an automated text system to do the welfare checks with Adastra (our patient record software provider) when it becomes available which we understand will be by the end of the year.”

    Source location

    Response from Cumbria Health
    Page 2 · response
    Published 15 July 2025

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Implement the clinical review findings by expanding overnight support for 999 call handlers and clinicians and providing urgent in-home care with next-day follow-up.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “• Undertake and implement the findings of an evidence-based clinical review of categorisation, with the aim of improving the clinical triage of 999 calls, by expanding overnight support for 999 call handlers and clinicians to provide urgent in-home care for clinically assessed patients with follow-up services available the next day.”

    Source location

    Response from Department for Health and Social Care
    Page 2 · response
    Published 15 July 2025

    Open published response
  3. West Yorkshire Eastern

    AI-generated summary

    Benjamin Finch Arnold · Prevention of Future Deaths report

    This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.

    Report summary

    Benjamin Finch Arnold was born prematurely at Saint James’ University Hospital after his mother was redirected there because the intended delivery unit was closed due to lack of capacity. He developed breathing difficulties during a LISA procedure, suffered bilateral pneumothoraces and a subsequent right-sided tension pneumothorax, and died after a devastating brain injury caused by prolonged low oxygen levels. The concerns included the organisation and classification of maternity services, the lack of standardised guidance for LISA procedures and newborn cardiac arrest, and updates to the hospital risk register.

    Read the report on judiciary.uk

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Limited nursing and medical support available to the SJUH site

    Wider context from the report

    “(1) The provision of maternity services across the Leeds Teaching Hospitals Trust (LTHT) continues to be split unequally between LGI and SJUH, with, for example, no on-site paediatric cover at SJUH. What was described by LTHT witnesses as the “isolation” of the SJUH site, particularly as it related to the limited nursing and medical support that can be called upon, was a recurrent theme in the inquest. The inquest was told that a long held ambition to bring LTHT’s maternity services under one roof had been recently frustrated by the announcement that the building of a new hospital for Leeds would not begin until 2030. Secretary of State for Health and Social Care to respond. ”

    Source location

    Benjamin Finch Arnold · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 2 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Rewrite training rotas and enhance pay and banding support for Advanced Nurse Practitioners.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “Subsequently and particularly during 2022, pressures on service provision increased significantly due to a 50% reduction in the number of registrars available to contribute to the on-call rotas. In response, the Trust took the decision to reduce the number of cots at the LGI to mitigate this risk. While this aimed to stabilise staffing, it also had potential consequences for families and babies across the Yorkshire and Humber region. Several actions were initiated, including re-writing of training rotas, improved support for Advanced Nurse Practitioners (ANPs) through pay and banding enhancements, and Executive Director-approved variation orders for payment. There was a recognised need for additional investment in the consultant workforce, particularly while services continued to operate at both the SJUH and LGI sites.”

    Source location

    Response from Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust
    Page 3 · response
    Published 11 June 2025

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Implement clinical protocols, including intensive and high-dependency care centralisation, daily safety huddles, consultant-led cover and transfer of sick neonates to LGI.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “Clinical protocols were adjusted with the unit functioning as a SCU while all intensive care (ICU) and high dependency (HDU) activity was centralised to the L43 unit at LGI. The Trust introduced a joint maternity and neonatal clinical dashboard, reviewed at the Maternity Services Clinical Governance Forum, which helped monitor incidents and inform decision-making. Daily safety huddles between neonatal and maternity teams were introduced to proactively plan for high-risk births, alongside consultant-led cover where junior doctor gaps occurred. A protocol was also implemented to transfer sick neonates born at SJUH to LGI.”

    Source location

    Response from Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust
    Page 3 · response
    Published 11 June 2025

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Recruit additional consultants and advanced clinical practitioners to strengthen neonatal staffing.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “In efforts to mitigate the risks, in 2023, three new consultants were appointed (two in post, one pending), which improved staffing levels, although these gains were partially offset by reduced hours among existing consultants. A business case was submitted to increase the consultant workforce to 18 whole-time equivalents (WTE). This would enable the development of a dedicated weekend rota at SJUH and allow for 24-hour resident consultant cover at LGI, in accordance with the recommendations of BAPM. Despite recruitment progress, staffing levels remained insufficient, and the risk score remained unchanged at 16.”

    Source location

    Response from Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust
    Page 3 · response
    Published 11 June 2025

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Submit a business case to increase the consultant workforce to 18 whole-time equivalents.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “In efforts to mitigate the risks, in 2023, three new consultants were appointed (two in post, one pending), which improved staffing levels, although these gains were partially offset by reduced hours among existing consultants. A business case was submitted to increase the consultant workforce to 18 whole-time equivalents (WTE). This would enable the development of a dedicated weekend rota at SJUH and allow for 24-hour resident consultant cover at LGI, in accordance with the recommendations of BAPM. Despite recruitment progress, staffing levels remained insufficient, and the risk score remained unchanged at 16.”

    Source location

    Response from Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust
    Page 3 · response
    Published 11 June 2025

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Establish an Executive-led group to review the neonatal care model and safe staffing across both sites.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “In June 2025, the RMC received an update following the January 2025 CQC inspection. A new Executive-led group was established to review the neonatal care model and ensure safe, sustainable services at both sites, including appropriate clinical staffing. The Children’s CSU committed to a full review of the risk, working alongside Specialist Commissioners and the ODN to clarify controls, identify ongoing gaps, and develop further mitigation strategies.”

    Source location

    Response from Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust
    Page 4 · response
    Published 11 June 2025

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Complete a full review of neonatal service risks, controls, gaps and mitigation strategies with commissioners and the ODN.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “In June 2025, the RMC received an update following the January 2025 CQC inspection. A new Executive-led group was established to review the neonatal care model and ensure safe, sustainable services at both sites, including appropriate clinical staffing. The Children’s CSU committed to a full review of the risk, working alongside Specialist Commissioners and the ODN to clarify controls, identify ongoing gaps, and develop further mitigation strategies.”

    Source location

    Response from Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust
    Page 4 · response
    Published 11 June 2025

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent position was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Individual NHS trusts and employers are responsible for ensuring sufficient staffing for safe care and should review staffing levels.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “Individual NHS Trusts and other employers are responsible for ensuring that there are sufficient staff to provide safe care. I would expect LTHT and other NHS Trusts to review their staffing levels, including in senior roles, to ensure that they are appropriate and in line with BAPM service and quality standards for provision of care in the UK Standards for provision of Neonatal Care in the wake of the death of Benjamin Finch Arnold.”

    Source location

    Response from Department for Health and Social Care
    Page 1 · response
    Published 11 June 2025

    Open published response
  4. Birmingham and Solihull

    AI-generated summary

    Tina Louise DOIG · Prevention of Future Deaths report

    This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.

    Report summary

    Tina Louise Doig had myelodysplasia that progressed to acute myeloid leukaemia and underwent two stem cell transplants after the first failed. She developed sepsis, multiple organ failure and cardiac arrests, and died after becoming critically unwell. The report identified concern that an understaffed haematology department was working beyond capacity, and described failures in donor-recipient testing before the first transplant.

    Read the report on judiciary.uk

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Insufficient haematology department staffing and capacity for comprehensive reviews

    Wider context from the report

    “1. The inquest heard evidence that the haematology department at the time of Mrs Doig’s stem cell transplant was understaffed and working beyond its capacity quite often leaving the team with very little time for comprehensive reviews. ████████ consultant haematologist at University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust confirmed at the inquest that the position remained the same today. This raises a concern that further deaths will occur and action is required. ”

    Source location

    Tina Louise DOIG · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 3 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Increase transplant capacity by reallocating an existing consultant’s job plan to provide more transplant-dedicated time.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “In order to provide an immediate increase in capacity, one of our existing transplant consultants has been re-job planned from 1st July 2025 to reduce their general haematology clinic commitments and increase transplant-dedicated time, increasing their capacity to manage new and post-transplant AML patients. In addition, our senior specialist registrar, who has been working in the myeloid/ transplant clinic and is due to receive their certificate of completion of training (CCT) in August, will enter a 6-month extended training period during which they will focus on increasing their specialty experience in myeloid disease and allogeneic stem cell transplantation. They are already beginning to work semi-independently with consultant supervision and are directly supporting transplant clinics. The extension to training has been agreed with NHSE WTEd (West Midlands Deanery).”

    Source location

    Response from University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust
    Page 3 · response
    Published 21 May 2025

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Extend the senior specialist registrar’s training for six months, focusing on myeloid disease and allogeneic transplantation while supporting transplant clinics under supervision.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “In order to provide an immediate increase in capacity, one of our existing transplant consultants has been re-job planned from 1st July 2025 to reduce their general haematology clinic commitments and increase transplant-dedicated time, increasing their capacity to manage new and post-transplant AML patients. In addition, our senior specialist registrar, who has been working in the myeloid/ transplant clinic and is due to receive their certificate of completion of training (CCT) in August, will enter a 6-month extended training period during which they will focus on increasing their specialty experience in myeloid disease and allogeneic stem cell transplantation. They are already beginning to work semi-independently with consultant supervision and are directly supporting transplant clinics. The extension to training has been agreed with NHSE WTEd (West Midlands Deanery).”

    Source location

    Response from University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust
    Page 3 · response
    Published 21 May 2025

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Create and recruit an additional myeloid transplant consultant post.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “Our medium-term strategy is to create two additional consultant posts in transplant medicine, for which funding has been identified. The first appointment will be a myeloid transplant consultant, and the aforementioned trainee would be well suited to apply for this post when it is advertised.”

    Source location

    Response from University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust
    Page 3 · response
    Published 21 May 2025

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Create a joint UHB–NHSBT consultant post covering transplant medicine, cellular therapies, laboratory oversight and cross-organisation communication.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “The second post is a joint appointment with NHS Blood and Transplant (NHSBT). The post will have a commitment to work 50% for NHSBT Cell, Apheresis, and gene therapies (CAGT) team and will be part of the transplant and cellular therapy team at NHSBT. The other 50% of time will be spent working within the transplant and cellular therapy team at UHB, part of which will involve treatment of AML patients requiring stem cell transplants. Working across UHB and NHSBT will give the consultant oversight over the stem cell lab and investigations and work up of patients, providing an increase in the safety and monitoring of patients going through transplant. The appointee will ensure that coherent communication between NHSBT and UHB consultants is sustained, facilitating effective discussion and information sharing on treatment, stem cell products and investigations required in this complex area.”

    Source location

    Response from University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust
    Page 3 · response
    Published 21 May 2025

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Monitor recruitment to the new consultant posts and report progress through the Hospital Board.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “The Hospital Medical Director at Queen Elizabeth Hospital will monitor the recruitment to these new posts and report progress to the Hospital Executive Director through the Hospital Board.”

    Source location

    Response from University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust
    Page 3 · response
    Published 21 May 2025

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent position was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Individual NHS trusts and other employers are responsible for ensuring sufficient staffing for safe care.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “Individual NHS Trusts and other employers are responsible for ensuring that there are sufficient staff to provide safe care. I would expect NHS Trusts and other relevant organisations to review their staffing levels, including in non-patient facing roles, to ensure that they are appropriate in the wake of the death of Mrs Doig.”

    Source location

    Response from DHSC
    Page 1 · response
    Published 21 May 2025

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    Source evidence

    How this respondent position was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Regulation 18 already requires trusts to review staffing numbers and skills needed to provide safe care.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “Trusts already have a duty through Regulation 18 of the Health and Social Care Act 2008 (Regulated Activities) Regulations 2014 to regularly review the number of staff and range of skills needed to safely meet the needs of people using their services.”

    Source location

    Response from DHSC
    Page 1 · response
    Published 21 May 2025

    Open published response
  5. Somerset

    AI-generated summary

    Jacqueline Anne Potter · Prevention of Future Deaths report

    This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.

    Report summary

    Jacqueline Anne Potter, known as Anne, died on 5 December 2022 after taking a car and deliberately driving into the path of an HGV tanker on the A303 during overnight leave from a psychiatric unit. The report raises concerns about families not receiving a codified risk and safety planning document for a patient’s first overnight leave, unrestricted access to self-harm websites through secure unit Wi-Fi, and inadequate recognition and provision of menopausal care and training.

    Read the report on judiciary.uk

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Insufficient availability of specialist menopausal practitioners in primary and Trust-wide care

    Wider context from the report

    “(ii) I was told that the Trust has just one ‘menopause specialist’ (a GP) who covers the entire Trust operations. Not all GP surgeries have a menopause specialist practitioner (or access to one) despite a GP usually being the first port of call for women in the community when seeking primary care. Those GP Surgeries who do have a practitioner who acts as a ‘specialist’ is often a GP with a personal interest who has taken the initiative to go on courses and broaden their learning and understanding, rather than any mandatory requirement for a Surgery [or group with multiple surgeries] to have an available community ‘front-line’ specialist. I was told that the Trust does not have an “expert” in this field and it would be difficult to have one as menopause isn’t a disease or an illness. Whilst I do not dispute that is it not a disease, menopause is a condition; it does have symptoms and it does have recognised presentations, yet there appears to be a failure to recognise this condition as having equal importance to other ailments or diagnoses. ”

    Source location

    Jacqueline Anne Potter · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 5 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Work with regions and Integrated Care Boards to improve nationwide access to good menopause care.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “There is often variation between GPs and practices in the level of complexity of care they are able to provide. Women’s Health Hubs were piloted in 2023/2024, seeking to reduce the variations in reproductive healthcare which women reported receiving. They provide the option for women to be referred to more specialist reproductive health care (including menopause care) if the GP needs further advice. Women’s Health Hubs have yet to achieve full coverage, but have the potential to fill the gap in care where this is more complex. NHS England is working closely with its regions and Integrated Care Boards (ICBs) to ensure that every woman can access good menopause care wherever they are in the country.”

    Source location

    Response from NHS England
    Page 2 · response
    Published 25 April 2025

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent position was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    NHS England and the Royal Colleges are better placed to address the lack of NHS menopause specialists and services.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “4. Lack of menopause specialists or menopause services in the NHS”

    Source location

    Response from NICE
    Page 2 · response
    Published 25 April 2025

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent position was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    NHS England and the Royal Colleges are better placed to address the lack of specialist menopausal care and GP upskilling.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “5. There has not been a roll-out of specialist menopausal care and upskilling of GPs, as was promised in a previous PFD.”

    Source location

    Response from NICE
    Page 2 · response
    Published 25 April 2025

    Open published response
  6. Inner North London

    AI-generated summary

    Billie Diane WICKS · Prevention of Future Deaths report

    This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.

    Report summary

    Billie Wicks, aged 16, was brought to hospital with an asthma attack and was discharged without adequate repeat observations or senior clinical review. The report states that her asthma was not diagnosed or treated and that she died from infective exacerbation of asthma. Concerns included understaffing and inadequate observations, delayed antibiotic treatment, lack of awareness of adult-onset asthma, and the limitations of safety-netting advice after her parents had already sought hospital care.

    Read the report on judiciary.uk

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Understaffing of the emergency department, including insufficient staff to take basic observations

    Wider context from the report

    “1. At inquest, I heard repeatedly that on the night Billie attended, the Royal Free emergency department was understaffed, and that it remains understaffed of doctors, nurses, and even a healthcare assistant who could take basic observations. Billie should have had observations every hour. If she had had these observations, the emergency registrar who discharged her would have recognised that she was not as well as he thought, and would have sought senior medical review. That senior medical review would have changed the course of her management and saved her life. Following the inquest touching on the death of Daniel Klosi, I wrote to you on 16 August 2024 about a lack of observations in the emergency department of the Royal Free. Although the circumstances were different, there is a theme. ”

    Source location

    Billie Diane WICKS · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 2 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Maintain augmented paediatric consultant cover from 09:00 to 23:00 on weekdays.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “• Emergency department paediatric consultant cover has been augmented since this incident and is now consistently scheduled every day between 09:00 - 23:00 hrs Monday to Friday, providing senior supervision during these hours to the middle grade doctors working in this area, maintaining robust training and guidance during these hours to enable improved decision making and increased confidence overnight.”

    Source location

    Response from Royal Free Hospitals
    Page 2 · response
    Published 17 March 2025

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Provide augmented medical and nursing staffing, including a 24/7 Emergency Department Assistant, using bank and agency cover pending establishment approval.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “• Nurse staffing on the night of Billie’s first attendance on 14th September 2024 was in line with the nursing establishment levels of safe staffing except for one Registered Nurse (RN) rota gap during the day shift prior to Billie’s attendance. In the interim the trust has approved additional staffing to medical and nursing shifts, filled by bank and agency staff to mitigate staffing to the levels described in the business case based on safe staffing skill mix assessment and the level of acuity / complexity of patients attending in the Royal Free Hospital emergency department.”

    Source location

    Response from Royal Free Hospitals
    Page 2 · response
    Published 17 March 2025

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Review the business case for a Clinical Practice Educator, Emergency Department Assistant and additional paediatric emergency-department nursing establishment.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “• Long-term mitigation of the current establishment is anticipated and is associated with the trusts process of business case approval. However, in the interim we are achieving the augmented staffing levels with bank and agency shift cover until we have the reconfigured and augmented establishment approved. This will increase the number of senior staff on shift as well as supplement the paediatric team with an Emergency Department Assistant (EDA) 24/7. This is a non-registered clinical member of staff who can take on duties similar to a Health Care Assistant/Support Worker including performing and recording observations on paediatric patients.”

    Source location

    Response from Royal Free Hospitals
    Page 2 · response
    Published 17 March 2025

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Review day and night emergency-department staffing skill mix.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “2. Senior matron for Emergency Department to review staffing skill mix for day and night shifts. | Senior matron, Emergency Department | 30/05/2025 | Copy of the business plan”

    Source location

    Response from Royal Free Hospitals
    Page 5 · response
    Published 17 March 2025

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Conducted work to identify where paediatric rota gaps most significantly affect services.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “From the information provided we do not know many observations (if any) Billie had during her five hour stay in ED. Observations are important but are part of a holistic assessment of children. There are lots of reasons why observations might not be obtainable, however RCPCH recognises that challenges are significantly exacerbated by gaps in clinical rotas resulting in understaffed departments. In 2024, RCPCH carried out work to better understand where rota gaps most prominently impact paediatrics, and we continue to advocate at a local and national level for an active reduction in these gaps¹.”

    Source location

    Response from Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health
    Page 1 · response
    Published 17 March 2025

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Continue advocating locally and nationally for active reduction of paediatric rota gaps.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “From the information provided we do not know many observations (if any) Billie had during her five hour stay in ED. Observations are important but are part of a holistic assessment of children. There are lots of reasons why observations might not be obtainable, however RCPCH recognises that challenges are significantly exacerbated by gaps in clinical rotas resulting in understaffed departments. In 2024, RCPCH carried out work to better understand where rota gaps most prominently impact paediatrics, and we continue to advocate at a local and national level for an active reduction in these gaps¹.”

    Source location

    Response from Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health
    Page 1 · response
    Published 17 March 2025

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent position was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Nursing staffing was in line with safe establishment levels, apart from one registered-nurse rota gap before Billie’s attendance.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “• Nurse staffing on the night of Billie’s first attendance on 14th September 2024 was in line with the nursing establishment levels of safe staffing except for one Registered Nurse (RN) rota gap during the day shift prior to Billie’s attendance. In the interim the trust has approved additional staffing to medical and nursing shifts, filled by bank and agency staff to mitigate staffing to the levels described in the business case based on safe staffing skill mix assessment and the level of acuity / complexity of patients attending in the Royal Free Hospital emergency department.”

    Source location

    Response from Royal Free Hospitals
    Page 2 · response
    Published 17 March 2025

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent position was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    The response cannot comment on the hospital emergency department’s staffing model, staffing numbers or skill mix.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “Staffing We are unable to comment about the staffing model, numbers, or skill mix, at The Royal Free Hospital’s emergency department. The Royal College of Emergency Medicine (RCEM) has guidance regarding the level of staffing for doctors [1], nurses, and healthcare staff [2]. In December 2024, the RCEM also published standards around staffing [3], [7]. Each ED should have a senior decision-making (tier 4) doctor in the department at all times [3, 7]. A tier 4 doctor may be referred to as a registrar. Adequate staffing is required to deliver safe care.”

    Source location

    Response from Royal College of Emergency Medicine
    Page 1 · response
    Published 17 March 2025

    Open published response
  7. Essex

    AI-generated summary

    Lady Lola Kay Crouch · Prevention of Future Deaths report

    This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.

    Report summary

    Lady Lola Kay Crouch died at Broomfield Hospital on 26 February 2023 from multi-organ failure due to small bowel obstruction associated with leiomyosarcoma of the small intestine and abdominal adhesions. A December 2022 CT finding suggestive of malignancy was not followed up or communicated to her, and it was not included in her later hospital history. The report also identifies delayed medical review overnight because of doctor staffing levels.

    Read the report on judiciary.uk

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Delays in medical review due to doctor staffing levels

    Wider context from the report

    “(2) Staffing levels – A Medical Emergency call was not triggered overnight on the surgical ward when elevated NEWS scores required medical review that was escalated but delayed due to doctor staffing levels. ”

    Source location

    Lady Lola Kay Crouch · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 2 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Implement changes and processes to ensure patients are properly informed of their imaging results.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “We have implemented the necessary changes to ensure that patients are properly informed of their imaging results, and embedded new processes within our surgical teams to make sure surgical colleagues are well supported overnight for urgent cases and when required the Consultants act down as per policy.”

    Source location

    Response from Mid & South Essex NHS Trust
    Page 3 · response
    Published 25 February 2025

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Establish a hospital out-of-hours service in the surgical department to provide a more robust response and senior support to surgical wards.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “Since Lady Lola’s case we have established the hospital out of hours service in the surgical department to provide a more robust response to the surgical wards. This process has been in place for other specialties previously and we know it works very well.”

    Source location

    Response from Mid & South Essex NHS Trust
    Page 3 · response
    Published 25 February 2025

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent position was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    NEWS2 escalation, trigger response, out-of-hours support and consultant acting-down arrangements provide sufficient staffing safeguards for urgent surgical cases.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “Our ‘NEWS2’ escalation policy was in place at the time of Lady Lola’s attendances. The outcome of Lady Lola’s case was communicated at both our July 2024 and August 2024 general surgical audit meetings to share learning. During the meetings we highlighted the importance of compliance with the NEWS2 escalation policy again and reminded the surgical staff about the role of the trigger response team, and our local departmental escalation process. The trigger response and hospital out of hours team are automatically notified by the electronic observation system, NEWS escalations and attend the unwell patient.”

    Source location

    Response from Mid & South Essex NHS Trust
    Page 2 · response
    Published 25 February 2025

    Open published response
  8. Birmingham and Solihull

    AI-generated summary

    James Patrick PEARSON · Prevention of Future Deaths report

    This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.

    Report summary

    James Pearson was struck by a vehicle on 14 June 2023 and later died at a hospice on 22 October 2023 after sustaining traumatic and hypoxic brain injuries, developing pneumonia, and experiencing a prolonged hospital admission. The concerns included undocumented observations, insufficient doctor coverage during his deterioration, and the time needed to obtain blood products; the report also states that an opportunity to provide fluids was missed and that this would probably have prevented his cardiac arrest and subsequent hypoxic brain injury.

    Read the report on judiciary.uk

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Insufficient doctor staffing capacity in the department

    Wider context from the report

    “6. ████████ told me in evidence that during the time since his last review by a Doctor at 03.16am, and his cardiac arrest at 04.25am, James was not seen by a Doctor, and only Nurses were available in the department. The only Doctor on shift at that time was dealing with another very unwell patient, who also required resuscitation. 7. ████████ told me that at the point in time the deterioration in James was noted, sometime between 04.00-04.20am, James should have received fluids, and in his opinion, if he had done so, on the balance of probabilities, he would not have had a cardiac arrest. He added that this was beyond what he would expect a nurse to adduce, however, if the Doctor had been present, he believed this would have been done. 8. I am therefore concerned that there were not enough Doctors in the department at the time, meaning that there is no resilience to deal effectively with more than one very unwell patient at any given time. If this is not addressed, there is a risk of future deaths. ”

    Source location

    James Patrick PEARSON · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 3 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Complete demand-and-capacity modelling to define the substantive workforce needed for additional resilience.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “Whilst we are satisfied that our current model provides resilient staffing to the mean attendance profile and that our processes enable resilience of staffing with clear escalations where minimum staffing is predicted to not be achieved, we are currently reviewing the demand and capacity for the unit. This is to ensure our staffing is modelled correctly to ensure the baseline for the substantive workforce is correct. Although we meet RCEM criteria in terms of staffing on duty, to meet this we utilise a number of bank staff. The demand and capacity modelling will ensure the unit has identified what the substantive workforce should look like, to provide additional resilience. This work will be completed by August 2024.”

    Source location

    Response from University Hospitals Birmingham
    Page 3 · response
    Published 20 May 2024

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent position was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Current emergency department staffing, rota review and escalation processes are considered sufficiently resilient and meet RCEM minimum criteria.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “To ensure we continue to meet minimum staffing levels in the ED there is a twice weekly forward look meeting with the rota team to confirm minimum numbers are met, and to be aware of where there are dips in cover and these undergo a process of escalation via the ED general manager in order to consider all mitigation options including agency use, locum, support from other specialty teams at middle grade level as examples.”

    Source location

    Response from University Hospitals Birmingham
    Page 3 · response
    Published 20 May 2024

    Open published response
  9. East London

    AI-generated summary

    Margaret Ann Waylett · Prevention of Future Deaths report

    This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.

    Report summary

    Margaret Ann Waylett underwent surgery for a humerus fracture and developed ongoing low blood pressure and intermittent oxygen requirements. She later suffered a cardiac arrest and died in hospital after, according to the report, necessary medical intervention was not provided. Concerns included failures to provide medical reviews, lack of access to NEWS charts and confusion about responsibility for her care.

    Read the report on judiciary.uk

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Dangerously inadequate junior orthopaedic staffing levels

    Wider context from the report

    “(1) The inquest heard that nursing staff requested reviews by the on-call orthopaedic doctors on multiple occasions, without the doctors attending to carry out a review. A junior doctor described the junior orthopaedic staffing levels in the hospital as “dangerous”. ”

    Source location

    Margaret Ann Waylett · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 2 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this respondent position was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Senior doctors consider staffing levels appropriate, disputing that junior orthopaedic staffing levels were dangerous.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “1. Concern: The inquest heard that nursing staff requested reviews by the on-call orthopaedic doctors on multiple occasions, without the doctors attending to carry out a review. A junior doctor described the junior orthopaedic staffing levels in the hospital as “dangerous”.”

    Source location

    Response from Barts Health NHS Trust
    Page 1 · response
    Published 28 December 2023

    Open published response
  10. North Wales (East and Central)

    AI-generated summary

    Vivienne Greener · Prevention of Future Deaths report

    This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.

    Report summary

    Vivienne Greener was taken by ambulance to Glan Clwyd Hospital after vomiting blood and died there on 20 March 2018 following a massive upper gastrointestinal haemorrhage. The report identified concerns including delayed admission and triage, delayed provision of blood products, failures to escalate and trigger haemorrhage pathways, insufficient staffing and the lack of out-of-hours emergency endoscopy.

    Read the report on judiciary.uk

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Insufficient doctors and nurses for Emergency Department patient demand

    Wider context from the report

    “2. There are insufficient doctors and nurses and space available to cope with the number of patients coming into the Emergency Department; ”

    Source location

    Vivienne Greener · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 4 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Continue expanding consultant staffing in the Emergency Department, now providing 8.6 whole-time-equivalent consultants plus one locum.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “The Emergency Department at YGC is fully staffed with junior doctors, in line with the budgeted provision, and appropriate staffing levels are put in place through rota management each month, with mitigation in place for management of sickness and unplanned absence. In addition, staffing levels have been mitigated with the expansion of Consultant numbers since Mrs Greener’s death, and there are now 8.6 whole time equivalent Consultants plus 1 whole time equivalent locum. Our senior consultants, are also available 24/7 to attend to and support such cases as this, and all core clinical consultant shifts are covered.”

    Source location

    Response from Betso Cadwaladr University Health Board
    Page 2 · response
    Published 28 December 2023

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Map the Emergency Department resource required to meet demand and national recommendations.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “The Emergency Department are continuously reviewing staffing in relation to increasing the core numbers to meet national recommendations within the funding envelope available, and work is ongoing to map the resource required to meet demands.”

    Source location

    Response from Betso Cadwaladr University Health Board
    Page 3 · response
    Published 28 December 2023

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Review and increase the Emergency Department nurse staffing roster template through the annual staffing review.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “The YGC ED department along with the other two sites are in the process of being reviewed as part of the 2023/2024 annual nurse staffing review cycle and have they have proposed that the current staffing roster template is increased.”

    Source location

    Response from Betso Cadwaladr University Health Board
    Page 4 · response
    Published 28 December 2023

    Open published response
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Data last updated 7 September 2026