Recurring concern

Failure to conduct timely, appropriate clinical assessments

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First reported 28 Aug 2013•Latest report 17 Feb 2026

Definition

What this concern includes

Includes failures to conduct a clinically required assessment or full clinical review promptly and appropriately when the assessment is needed to identify or evaluate a patient's condition and guide safe care, including the anchor's delayed full review and delayed assessment of a patient's condition.

Not included

  • Excludes specialised assessment pathways with a distinct named subject or established safety concern, such as full mental-health assessments, VTE risk reviews or post-procedure complication assessments, unless the assertion also directly supports the same general clinical-assessment failure.
  • Excludes failures limited to the location, documentation, communication or handover of an assessment where the assessment itself was timely and appropriate.
  • Excludes delays in treatment, medication, escalation or referral when the required clinical assessment was completed appropriately and the remaining failure is downstream.
  • Excludes routine reassessment or review where no clinically required assessment or full clinical review is identified.
Reports
25

Distinct published reports

Individual concerns
28

A report can raise multiple concerns

Date range
2013–2026

First to latest report issue date

Stated actions
38

Described in published responses

Reports over time

Reports over time

Reports about this concern issued each year.

* 2026 is projected from reports observed to 7 Sep 2026.

Most frequent recipients

Most frequent recipients

Reports about this concern sent to each recipient.

NHS England5
Care Quality Commission2
Aneurin Bevan University LHB1
Barking, Havering and Redbridge University Hospitals NHS Trust1
Bedford Prison1
Cwm Taf Morgannwg University Local Health Board1
Department of Health and Social Care1
Doncaster and Bassetlaw Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust1
Family of Julia Macpherson1
Glebelands1
Greater Manchester Health and Social Care Partnership1
HCRG Care Coventry LLP1
Marine Lake Medical Practice1
Ministry of Justice1
Monkstone House1

Concerns and responses across reports

Only concerns grouped under this recurring concern are included. Select any concern, action or position to view the source wording.

  1. Gwent

    AI-generated summary

    Diane Greenslade · Prevention of Future Deaths report

    This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.

    Report summary

    Diane Greenslade was found moaning on her bedroom floor with a chest of drawers on top of her after ambulance responses were delayed. She suffered a cardiac arrest and died, with the inquest concluding that she died from natural causes following a fifteen-and-a-half-hour delay in ambulance intervention. The substantive concerns included the initial call categorisation without clinical assessment, failure to consider escalation or a police welfare check, high ambulance demand and hospital delays, and a nearby rapid response vehicle being unavailable because it was reserved for higher-priority calls.

    Read the report on judiciary.uk

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Failure to carry out a clinical assessment during initial call handling

    Wider context from the report

    “(1) The initial call was categorised Green 3 without any contact being made with Mrs Greenslade or her family and without any clinical assessment. ”

    Source location

    Diane Greenslade · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 2 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Train relevant Clinical Contact Centre staff.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “• Training of relevant Clinical Contact Centre staff”

    Source location

    2018-0401-Response-by-Welsh-Ambulance-Services
    Page 2 · response
    Published 21 December 2018

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Recruit clinicians within Clinical Contact Centres.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “• Recruitment of clinicians within the Clinical Contact Centre”

    Source location

    2018-0401-Response-by-Welsh-Ambulance-Services
    Page 2 · response
    Published 21 December 2018

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Implement clinical call handlers to assess GP calls for hospital admission.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “The Health Board has a Winter Resilience plan which is designed to manage the peaks of demand and capacity through the winter period when services are under significant pressure. The plan was developed with stakeholders and partners to ensure actions and initiatives described within the plan are shared, agreed and delivered in partnership. The plan is monitored by all stakeholders, including WAST, on a weekly basis and also reviewed and monitored by the Health Board’s Executive Team each week. There are several initiatives included in the plan which support the timely release of ambulances at the hospital. For example, we have practitioners reviewing the WAST calls waiting to attend the hospital to ensure patients are treated in the most appropriate setting. We will shortly be implementing clinical call handlers assessing GP calls for admission to hospital.”

    Source location

    2018-0401-Response-by-University-Health-Board
    Page 2 · response
    Published 21 December 2018

    Open published response
  2. South London

    AI-generated summary

    Julia Jane MacPherson · Prevention of Future Deaths report

    This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.

    Report summary

    Julia Jane MacPherson, an informal patient of Oxleas NHS Foundation Trust, suffered swallowing difficulties and collapsed in the community with food bolus and vomitus in her throat; resuscitation was unsuccessful. Concerns included failure to arrange or undertake a timely medical review, failure to assess her mental capacity after concerns about confusion, incomplete clinical records, and prescribing and consent processes for off-licence medication. The inquest recorded the medical cause of death as upper airway obstruction associated with swallowing difficulties secondary to medication-related extrapyramidal symptoms.

    Read the report on judiciary.uk

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Failure to provide timely clinical review following reported deterioration

    Wider context from the report

    “(1) It was agreed that Julia usually had a comprehensive understanding of her mental health and medications and was an informal patient consenting to her care and treatment. Quetiapine had been stopped due to concerns about seizures. A trial of Clozapine was commenced on 18 January 2016, prescribed off licence and Julia and her family raised concerns with her clinicians who had made adjustments to her dose but she continued to have experience side effects that she found difficult to tolerate. She had a home visit with her mother on Sunday 15th May and despite usually being self-caring, she needed full assistance in her care and she spent most of the visit in bed. Significant concerns were raised by her mother that Julia was not well enough to be taken out, that she had no comprehension of her medication, that she appeared confused and that her memory and speech appeared to be affected. Her mother left a note with nursing staff requesting an immediate medical review by her Responsible Clinician as she had no other way of contacting him, however: (a) This review did not take place and her Responsible Clinician did not see this note until the inquest. (b) Julia was not reviewed on 16th May. (c) A formal review of her mental capacity to consent to her treatment did not take place following concerns raised by her mother on 15th May or when Hospital staff noted that Julia was very confused on 17th May. (2) Evidence at the inquest was that hospital staff did not regularly read clinical and nursing entries in patient medical records. (3) Medical records concerning discussions about her consent to prescription off licence medication for her mental health were missing or incomplete even though numerous concerns about her Clozapine and polypharmacy, over sedation and confusion were raised. (4) NICE guidelines for the prescription of off licenced medicines was not followed. (5) Adult patients sectioned under the Mental Health Act have statutory forms that lists all psychiatric medication that can be administered either on T2 (patient consents) or on T3 (patient does not consent) which requires the approval of a Second Opinion Appointed Doctor. There is no statutory process for recording consent to medication for informal patients. ”

    Source location

    Julia Jane MacPherson · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 1 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Conducted a follow-up inspection of Oxleas NHS Foundation Trust’s acute wards to assess whether specific improvements had been made.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “Since Julia Jane MacPherson's death in May 2016, we have inspected Oxleas NHS Foundation Trust once. This was a follow up inspection of the acute wards in the Trust, including Norman Ward, in February 2017 to see if some specific improvements had taken place since the comprehensive inspection in April 2016. We also carried out regular visits by our Mental Health Act reviewers, and the last one took place on Norman Ward in March 2017.”

    Source location

    2018-0298-Response-by-CQC
    Page 1 · response
    Published 19 January 2019

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Return to inspect Oxleas NHS Foundation Trust and follow up the identified concerns to check that necessary improvements have been made.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “We will be returning to inspect Oxleas NHS Foundation Trust later in the year. We intend to follow through some of the areas of concern in more detail. This will be to ensure the trust has learnt from this and made the necessary improvements.”

    Source location

    2018-0298-Response-by-CQC
    Page 2 · response
    Published 19 January 2019

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent position was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Specific circumstances of Julia MacPherson’s individual care and treatment fall outside the regulator’s remit for comment.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “We note our legal responsibility to submit a written response to you, however some of the matters of concern relate to the very specific circumstances of Julia MacPherson's individual care and treatment, so we are unable as a regulator to comment on this.”

    Source location

    2018-0298-Response-by-CQC
    Page 1 · response
    Published 19 January 2019

    Open published response
  3. Black Country

    AI-generated summary

    Mr Frank Hayward · Prevention of Future Deaths report

    This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.

    Report summary

    Mr Frank Hayward fell at home on 12 November 2017, sustaining an odontoid peg fracture and subdural haemorrhage, and died on 10 December 2017 after his condition declined. The concerns included failures to correctly assess and diagnose his injuries, delays in Trauma and Orthopaedics review and urgent CT scanning, and poor systems and communication in obtaining a cervical collar.

    Read the report on judiciary.uk

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Failure to obtain timely Trauma and Orthopaedics review

    Wider context from the report

    “1. Evidence emerged during the inquest that there were failures to correctly assess and diagnose his injuries in the Emergency Department and there were missed opportunities to have him reviewed by Trauma and Orthopaedics team sooner. ”

    Source location

    Mr Frank Hayward · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 2 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Require all clinicians to use the head-injury proforma for hospital falls and Emergency Department presentations.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “The guideline used by clinicians to inform diagnostic testing and treatment of Head Injuries has been revised in line with the latest National Institute for Excellence (NICE) Clinical Guideline (CG176). Our guideline includes an algorithm of when to image the spine and the head injury proforma now includes a checklist for both head and neck imaging as a further prompt. This proforma was traditionally only used in the Emergency Department (ED), but will now be a requirement for all clinicians to use on any patient who sustains a fall in hospital as well as those who present to the ED. Equally the guideline will apply to anyone who has sustained a head injury, providing consistency with referrals and observations.”

    Source location

    Frank-Hayward-Response
    Page 1 · response
    Published 29 March 2018

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Monitor implementation of the approved head-injury guideline, including imaging, observation duration, specialist referrals and follow-through of requested actions.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “We will monitor the use of the approved Head Injury guideline following a period of implementation, but in particular we will be ensuring that:”

    Source location

    Frank-Hayward-Response
    Page 2 · response
    Published 29 March 2018

    Open published response
  4. Nottinghamshire

    AI-generated summary

    Elaine Bradbrook · Prevention of Future Deaths report

    This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.

    Report summary

    Elaine Bradbrook suffered a severe ischaemic stroke, deteriorated into a deep coma, underwent a craniectomy, and died at Queen’s Medical Centre on 27 April 2017. Concerns included failures to escalate and monitor her deterioration, reassess her condition before transfer, and reduce risks during transfer, including transfer with an unprotected airway and without clinical escort. The report also raised concerns about the trust’s failure to investigate the circumstances, fulfil its duty of candour, and support or properly represent witnesses during the inquest.

    Read the report on judiciary.uk

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Failure to provide clinical review before transfer

    Wider context from the report

    “d. There was a failure to reduce the risks during transfer – a patient with a GCS of 4 and a history of vomiting was handed over to ambulance staff with an unprotected airway and without clinical review, or escort. ”

    Source location

    Elaine Bradbrook · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 3 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Commence a serious incident investigation to review the care provided.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “I agree that there are clear learning points from this case and I have asked the Risk Team to commence an SI investigation to review the care and submit an action plan, as necessary. I will of course share this with you and the family once complete.”

    Source location

    2018-0044-Response-by-United-Lincolnshire-Hospitals-NHS-Trust
    Page 1 · response
    Published 7 June 2018

    Open published response
  5. Coventry

    AI-generated summary

    Vanessa Ferkova · Prevention of Future Deaths report

    This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.

    Report summary

    Vanessa Ferkova, aged 2, attended a GP walk-in centre with fever and vomiting and later developed a rash. She was subsequently recognised as very unwell and likely suffering from meningococcal septicaemia, went into cardiac arrest in an ambulance, and died after unsuccessful resuscitation. The principal concern was that the walk-in centre did not provide clinical triage or a required timeframe for initial assessment, despite concerns that earlier observations could have identified and treated shock.

    Read the report on judiciary.uk

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Unavailability of timely clinical triage including assessment of clinical observations at walk-in centre services

    Wider context from the report

    “I am concerned that there is a difference in the services commissioned between primary and secondary care settings, where the potential population of patients is similar; that being unscreened members of the public, including children. I heard evidence that there is a confusion amongst the general public as to the roles of walk-in centres, urgent care centres and GP services attached to Emergency Departments. In this case it was likely that, had Vanessa presented to a GP service attached to an Emergency Department, she would have had a clinical triage within 15 minutes of arriving (including an assessment of clinical observations) and that she would not have died from septicaemia. I am concerned that she did not receive this care because of the service from which her parents (understandably) sought treatment. The walk-in centre provider is currently investigating whether it should/could provide a triage service which includes an assessment of clinical observations. I am to be provided the outcome of this investigation at the end of February 2018. As such, I have not written a prevention of future deaths report to this provider but I am concerned that this is a nationwide issue which warrants consideration by NHS England as the commissioner of primary care services. ”

    Source location

    Vanessa Ferkova · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 2 · concerns

    Open source report
  6. South Wales Central

    AI-generated summary

    Harold Mullins · Prevention of Future Deaths report

    This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.

    Report summary

    Harold Mullins, aged 92, was admitted to hospital after a fall or collapse at home and was found to have a fractured left femur. Following surgical repair, his observations deteriorated, but he was not examined by a clinician in a timely fashion; he later suffered a cardiac arrest and could not be resuscitated. Concerns included the surgical team being unaware of his history of deep vein thrombosis and delays in responding to his deteriorating NEWS scores.

    Read the report on judiciary.uk

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Delays in clinical review of patients with deteriorating NEWS scores

    Wider context from the report

    “(1) A review of the care that was received by Mr Mullins revealed that the surgical team were unaware of his history of deep vein thrombosis when undertaking the surgery and caring for him in general. (2) Despite a deteriorating position in relation to his observations (NEWS scores) he was not seen by a clinician in a timely fashion. There appears to be a difficulty in patients being seen in these circumstances appropriately by clinical staff which is a concern given that the purpose of the NEWS score system is to escalate care in cases of deterioration. It is a concern that the clinician contacted initially when the NEWS scores were deteriorating indicated that this was not to be expected given that he had undergone surgery. ”

    Source location

    Harold Mullins · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 2 · concerns

    Open source report
  7. Surrey

    AI-generated summary

    Annette KRASINSKY-LLOYD · Prevention of Future Deaths report

    This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.

    Report summary

    Annette KRASINSKY-LLOYD died at Royal Surrey County Hospital on 20 April 2016 after an unwitnessed fall caused a pelvic fracture and retro-peritoneal haemorrhage, resulting in hypovolemic shock. The report identified inadequate A&E governance and delays in consultant involvement, investigations, reversal of anticoagulation and blood transfusions, as well as inadequate monitoring that contributed to poor intravenous access.

    Read the report on judiciary.uk

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Failure to conduct timely appropriate clinical assessment

    Wider context from the report

    “(2) Notwithstanding (1) there were additional delays in obtaining results of tests and the conduct of an appropriate assessment of the deceased’s condition. This in turn led to delays in reversing the deceased’s anti-coagulation therapy and administering blood transfusions. ”

    Source location

    Annette KRASINSKY-LLOYD · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 4 · concerns

    Open source report
  8. Birmingham and Solihull

    AI-generated summary

    Timothy Simon Jones · Prevention of Future Deaths report

    This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.

    Report summary

    Timothy Simon Jones, who had Down syndrome, epilepsy and dementia and required PEG feeding, was admitted to hospital with breathing difficulties and aspiration pneumonia, was discharged and readmitted the same day, and died on 17 July 2016. Concerns included incomplete GP record keeping, unclear communication and documentation of requests for home visits, lack of GP clinical assessment despite deteriorating health and complex needs, a home-visit policy that did not address residents with complex chronic conditions, and antibiotic prescribing for aspiration pneumonia.

    Read the report on judiciary.uk

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Failure to provide GP clinical assessment for patients with deteriorating conditions and complex needs

    Wider context from the report

    “3. There was no clinical assessment of the deceased by a GP after the 25 May 2016 despite his deteriorating condition and complex needs. ”

    Source location

    Timothy Simon Jones · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 1 · concerns

    Open source report
  9. East London

    AI-generated summary

    Mrs Catherine Dinnen · Prevention of Future Deaths report

    This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.

    Report summary

    Mrs Catherine Dinnen was admitted to hospital after left-sided weakness and suspected stroke, later developing vomiting, diarrhoea and breathing difficulties. She suffered a cardiorespiratory arrest on 27 August 2013 and was pronounced deceased that day. The principal outstanding concern was the timeliness of obtaining a medical review, in the context of reported difficulties securing out-of-hours medical attendance and concerns about staffing levels.

    Read the report on judiciary.uk

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Delays in securing timely medical review

    Wider context from the report

    “2. The outstanding area of concern was in relation to provision of a timely medical review. The evidence provided by the family was that the nursing staff had a great deal of difficulty in securing a medical review. It would appear from the records that the on-call doctor was informed at 18:30 on 25 August, but did not attend until 23:15. The Trust had lost the observation records and these were not therefore available for review at the Inquest. One of the investigation reports however refers to the observations at 19:20 on the 25th August, triggering a review by an FY1 and discussion with an SPR, within 30 minutes. The consultant who gave evidence at the Inquest confirmed that there had been no changes to medical staffing since August 2013. She further confirmed that the medical staffing at weekends, bank holidays and out of hours is one FY1 and one SHO to cover all medical wards (7 or 8 of them). One medical registrar to cover emergency admissions to hospital, acute admissions unit and all patients on medical wards. One consultant on call. She described this cover as “not ideal, but the same as in other Trusts”. The ward manager stated that the level of medical staffing out of hours can be a problem and is still a problem. He confirmed that nurses have to continuously bleep the medical team to come to review patients. The Trust legal representative confirmed that the Trust had not considered medical cover out of hours as part of their internal investigation. ”

    Source location

    Mrs Catherine Dinnen · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 2 · concerns

    Open source report
  10. Inner North London

    AI-generated summary

    Vasilis KTORAKIS · Prevention of Future Deaths report

    This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.

    Report summary

    Baby Vasilis was born in an extremely poor condition following a long labour at Whittington Hospital on 23 May 2015 and died shortly thereafter. The report identified concerns about the timing of Syntocinon, inadequate recording of a management plan, a registrar’s decision regarding passive descent, and failures to involve staff in the investigation and communicate its findings for learning.

    Read the report on judiciary.uk

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Failure to conduct a timely full clinical review

    Wider context from the report

    “1. ████████ was started on Syntocinon at 7.15pm on Friday, 22 May 2015. Given the circumstances of her presentation (including meconium stained liquor and infrequent contractions at a late stage of labour), her consultant told me in court that when ████████ was seen by a registrar at 2.40pm that afternoon, the registrar should have conducted a full review and started Syntocinon then, some four and a half hours before. Having spoken to the registrar since, the consultant is unable to explain why that full review and medication commencement did not take place. It is therefore unclear whether this particular registrar, and indeed others on the unit, might be likely to make the same mistake again another time. ”

    Source location

    Vasilis KTORAKIS · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 2 · concerns

    Open source report
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Data last updated 7 September 2026