Recurring concern

Inadequate safety incident investigations

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First reported 13 Dec 2008•Latest report 25 Jun 2026

Definition

What this concern includes

Includes initiation, evidence gathering, witness testing, factual accuracy, analysis, timeliness, investigator competence and reporting within investigations of deaths, serious incidents and patient, resident or operational safety events.

Not included

  • Police, conduct, regulatory or other investigations not directed at organisational safety learning
  • Failure to implement an unrelated safety action not arising from an incident investigation
  • Generic governance failures not directly affecting a safety incident investigation or its learning process
  • Excludes downstream dissemination, learning and corrective-action controls once the investigation findings have been established.
Reports
244

Distinct published reports

Individual concerns
316

A report can raise multiple concerns

Date range
2008–2026

First to latest report issue date

Stated actions
447

Described in published responses

Reports over time

Reports over time

Reports about this concern issued each year.

* 2026 is projected from reports observed to 7 Sep 2026.

Most frequent recipients

Most frequent recipients

Reports about this concern sent to each recipient.

Department of Health and Social Care31
Care Quality Commission21
NHS England20
Betsi Cadwaladr University LHB11
Barking, Havering and Redbridge University Hospitals NHS Trust10
Barts Health NHS Trust8
Greater Manchester Mental Health NHS Foundation Trust8
Pennine Care NHS Foundation Trust7
Essex Partnership University NHS Foundation Trust6
Nottinghamshire Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust5
Tameside and Glossop Integrated Care NHS Foundation Trust5
Tees, Esk and Wear Valleys NHS Foundation Trust5
Health and Safety Executive4
Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency4
NHS Greater Manchester Integrated Care Board4

Concerns and responses across reports

Only concerns grouped under this recurring concern are included. Select any concern, action or position to view the source wording.

  1. Berkshire

    AI-generated summary

    Simon Healey · Prevention of Future Deaths report

    This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.

    Report summary

    Simon Healey underwent right hemi-colectomy on 1 August 2017 and died on 10 August 2017 after an anastomotic leak led to faecal peritonitis, E. coli septicaemia and organ failure. The principal concerns were missed opportunities to detect the leak and sepsis earlier, inadequate escalation of care under NEWS protocols, the suitability of private hospitals’ staffing and facilities for such procedures, and an inadequate hospital investigation.

    Read the report on judiciary.uk

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Failure to conduct adequate and candid investigations of serious clinical events

    Wider context from the report

    “(3) The final concern relates to Berkshire Independent Hospital only. The hospital investigation into these events was inadequate, particularly in relation to the decision-making of the key player in this matter, ████████ There are 2 sentences in the report regarding his involvement, and it would appear, a simple acceptance of his view that this was no more than a recognised complication of this procedure. This organisation will not learn from said cases like this if their own investigations are inadequate. We heard some evidence of review of this procedure, but I suggest that this is considered very carefully, to ensure that the risk of future deaths is reduced by adequate and candid investigation. ”

    Source location

    Simon Healey · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 4 · concerns

    Open source report
  2. Berkshire

    AI-generated summary

    Michelle Roach · Prevention of Future Deaths report

    This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.

    Report summary

    Michelle Roach’s inquest was heard at Reading Town Hall between 6 and 9 November 2018, and the narrative conclusion recorded that natural causes contributed to by neglect in her clinical management from 09:11 on 29 January 2014 until 18:07 on 30 January 2014. Concerns related to GP knowledge of venous thromboembolism, record-keeping and reviews of unexpected deaths, as well as the level of overnight medical registrar cover at the hospital trust.

    Read the report on judiciary.uk

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Failure of the GP practice system to investigate unexpected deaths

    Wider context from the report

    “(3) The GP practice should review their system for investigating unexpected deaths in order to learn from them and improve clinical management. It should also audit and review ████████ clinical knowledge in this area and her record keeping. ”

    Source location

    Michelle Roach · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 2 · concerns

    Open source report
  3. Staffordshire South

    AI-generated summary

    Thomas Paul Arthur JACKSON · Prevention of Future Deaths report

    This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.

    Report summary

    Thomas Paul Arthur Jackson was found in a poorly state in his room at a secure unit within St George’s Hospital, Stafford, in the early hours of 25 August 2016 and was certified dead at 02.25 hours. The inquest recorded clozapine toxicity and pneumonia as causes of death, with treatment-resistant schizophrenia also noted; the substantive concern was the lack of a national policy for regular blood plasma monitoring of patients receiving clozapine.

    Read the report on judiciary.uk

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Inaccuracies in serious incident reviews affecting process validity

    Wider context from the report

    “(6) It is well known that it is important for lessons to be learnt following serious incidents. The SIR procedure is a significant part of this. I understand there have been some changes since the time of Tom’s death but the SIR carried out in this matter contained a number of significant inaccuracies which can affect the validity of the process. Additionally although the records for patients who are in hospital for a long period of time can become voluminous there has also been some difficulty in disclosure of significant documents during the Inquest process. ”

    Source location

    Thomas Paul Arthur JACKSON · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 2 · concerns

    Open source report
  4. Manchester South

    AI-generated summary

    Mrs Doris Douthwaite · Prevention of Future Deaths report

    This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.

    Report summary

    Mrs Doris Douthwaite, who had vascular dementia and other complex medical conditions, suffered three falls at Greatwood House Residential Care Home over 11–13 February 2018. She sustained a hip fracture, developed bronchopneumonia and died at Willow Wood Hospice on 26 February 2018. Concerns included vulnerable residents being left unsupervised, an unclear falls assessment tool, and the absence of an investigation into Mrs Douthwaite’s falls.

    Read the report on judiciary.uk

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Failure to investigate repeated falls

    Wider context from the report

    “3. Notwithstanding the fact Mrs Douthwaite had 3 falls over the course of as many days in February 2018, HC-One had not, as at the date of the Inquest, undertaken any investigation into the circumstances of these. The absence of any investigation by HC-One in this respect represents a missed opportunity to ascertain if any learning can be derived from these incidents for the benefit of other residents. ”

    Source location

    Mrs Doris Douthwaite · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 2 · concerns

    Open source report
  5. Surrey

    AI-generated summary

    Rita Taylor · Prevention of Future Deaths report

    This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.

    Report summary

    Rita Taylor was admitted to hospital with severe hyponatraemia in the context of diabetes insipidus and a pituitary adenoma, and died on 15 August 2017 after developing central pontine myelinolysis. The principal concerns were failures to appropriately monitor and manage her sodium levels and diabetes insipidus, including omission of desmopressin, inadequate fluid-balance assessment, insufficient documentation, and lack of a coherent management plan.

    Read the report on judiciary.uk

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Failure of the serious incident report to fulfil its learning and accuracy obligations

    Wider context from the report

    “7. As was acknowledged in Court, the SI report did not fulfil its obligations and it was agreed that it would be extensively re-written and re-presented to HM Coroner’s Court to more accurately reflect the circumstances of Mrs Taylor’s death and the learning points required to assist in preventing any future deaths. ”

    Source location

    Rita Taylor · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 5 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Prepare and provide a supplemental Root Cause Analysis report addressing the concerns and learning points from the inquest.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “Response - ████████ Associate Medical Director and Responsible Officer, gave evidence in court that the Trust would be reviewing the concerns raised during the inquest process and that we would be preparing a supplemental Root Cause Analysis ‘RCA’ report to address these concerns. A copy of the supplemental RCA report is enclosed and we hope that you agree that the actions and recommendations set out within the Action Plan of this report address the concerns raised within your Report to Prevent Future Deaths.”

    Source location

    2018-0225-Response-by-Epsom-and-St-Helier-University-Hospitals-NHS-Trust
    Page 4 · response
    Published 23 September 2018

    Open published response
  6. North Wales (East and Central)

    AI-generated summary

    Neville Welton · Prevention of Future Deaths report

    This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.

    Report summary

    Neville Welton attended Wrexham Maelor Hospital on the evening of 12 December 2017 after referral by his GP. Delays in assessment and treatment, associated with capacity and patient flow problems, staffing issues, and administrative and escalation failures, were followed by deterioration and his death in the early hours of the next morning. Concerns included the delay in completing the Health Board’s investigation and action plan, missed implementation timescales, and wider delays in completing serious incident reviews and action plans.

    Read the report on judiciary.uk

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Delays in concluding serious incident investigations and reviews

    Wider context from the report

    “The various factors referred to in paragraph 4 will be further considered at the inquest hearing, however I am concerned firstly by the length of time taken by the Health Board to conclude its Confidential Investigation and to formulate an Action Plan as this was not completed until the 27th of April 2018, some four and a half months after Mr Welton’s death. I am further concerned that notwithstanding that an Action Plan had been established with agreed timescales for implementation of actions, these timescales have not been met and matters remain outstanding at the present time. Whilst this investigation and report relates to the death of Mr Welton, I am concerned generally by the length of time which is taken by the Health Board to conclude its Serious Incident Reviews and thereafter to formulate and implement Action Plans. ”

    Source location

    Neville Welton · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 1 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Revise the serious-incident investigation model, pairing Corporate Concerns Team staff with catastrophic-incident investigators and expanding staff training capacity.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “Moving forward In terms of moving forward a number of actions are being implemented to improve the timeliness of our processes and the development of the action plans:”

    Source location

    2018-0150-Response-by-University-Health-Board
    Page 2 · response
    Published 8 July 2018

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Introduce a weekly Incident Review Meeting to review recent incidents, monitor delayed investigations, and drive investigations and action plans to completion.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “2. The Health Board is to introduce a weekly Incident Review Meeting (Scoping document Appendix 1) to review on a regular basis all incidents reported on Datix in the previous 7 days. The meeting will be chaired by the Associate Director of Quality Assurance and attended by the senior staff with a specific responsibility for quality and patient safety from each division.”

    Source location

    2018-0150-Response-by-University-Health-Board
    Page 3 · response
    Published 8 July 2018

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Implement a project-management approach for comprehensive investigations, including completion milestones agreed with the designated Chair.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “3. A project management approach to be used when conducting a comprehensive investigation with milestones for completion signed up to by the designated Chair (see appendix 2). This approach is not yet in place and will be implemented as part of the revised model described above.”

    Source location

    2018-0150-Response-by-University-Health-Board
    Page 3 · response
    Published 8 July 2018

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent position was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Legal advice was required before the investigation report could be signed off, delaying completion.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “• Legal advice in relation to breach of duty, qualifying liability and causation was required and it was assessed that the report could not be signed off by the Chair until this was received.”

    Source location

    2018-0150-Response-by-University-Health-Board
    Page 2 · response
    Published 8 July 2018

    Open published response
  7. Buckinghamshire

    AI-generated summary

    Lewis Daryl COLGAN · Prevention of Future Deaths report

    This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.

    Report summary

    Lewis Colgan died immediately at Princes Risborough Station on 15 September 2017 after jumping onto the track in front of a northbound passenger train. Concerns included the robustness of supervision of care coordinators and care teams, continuity of mental health care during staff changes and sickness, the process for overdue Care Programme Approach meetings, and the robustness of the investigation and resulting actions.

    Read the report on judiciary.uk

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Failure to include the responsible care coordinator in the investigation

    Wider context from the report

    “(4) Whilst a Root Cause Analysis had been undertaken and a report provided, there were concerns raised during the Inquest with regard to staff training, which the report did not address, and the last care coordinator with conduct of Lewis’ case was not able to participate in the investigation, nor the Inquest. The report did not include an ongoing action to engage with that care coordinator in order to fully address the issues raised in that investigation. As a result, there remains an ongoing concern about the robustness of the investigation and actions identified. ”

    Source location

    Lewis Daryl COLGAN · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 2 · concerns

    Open source report
  8. Sunderland

    AI-generated summary

    Patricia Ann Heslop · Prevention of Future Deaths report

    This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.

    Report summary

    Patricia Ann Heslop, a 75-year-old care home resident with vascular dementia, suffered an unwitnessed fall and fractured her right neck of femur. Following surgery and a period of immobility, she developed acute bronchopneumonia and died on 9 April 2017. The report raised concerns about the unreported fall, changes in mobility and presentation not being recorded or communicated, incomplete care records, delayed treatment, and staff training and information systems.

    Read the report on judiciary.uk

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Failure to obtain timely witness statements after falls

    Wider context from the report

    “5. Despite Patricia having fallen sometime in the early part of November no attempts were made at that time to take statements from various witnesses about the fall while events were fresh in their memories. Instead that had to be done as part of the Inquest process. That said, if there was a reluctance to be frank and candid then it was unlikely to manifest itself at the Inquest. It was deeply disappointing that vital information was not to hand about a resident having fallen or being found or assisted after a fall, especially when Patricia had a known history of falls. ”

    Source location

    Patricia Ann Heslop · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 2 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Monitor incident-investigation reporting quality and provide refreshed investigation-management training to Home Managers and Area Team Managers.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “5.2 HC-One has a clear incident investigation process in place as detailed in ████████ statement and above. Since this incident action has been undertaken to ensure the quality of incident investigation reporting is monitored, which has lead in turn to refreshed investigation management training. This has been provided at both Home Manager level and also as part of an 8 day intensive and practice focussed induction for Area Team Managers. This was conducted by the Head of Standards and Compliance and Leadership Development Manager for the company during March and April 2018.”

    Source location

    2018-0102-Response-by-HC-One
    Page 6 · response
    Published 17 June 2018

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent position was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Contrary to the report, witness information was obtained during the initial and subsequent internal investigations.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “5.1 It is stated in the Regulation 28 Report that no attempts were made to take statements from individual witnesses immediately after the fall in November 2016. Immediately following the incident in November 2016, an investigation was undertaken by the then Home Manager, BJ and completed on 26 November 2016. As part of this investigation, witness information was obtained from 8 witnesses. A further investigation was undertaken by HC-One by LL, Area Director dated 7 February 2017. For the purposes of this second internal investigation 12 witnesses were re-interviewed and additional information obtained. Further witness statements were obtained for the purposes of the inquest investigation to re-examine the information and provide more comprehensive statements. It is acknowledged that none of these witness statements identified any evidence of when or how Mrs.”

    Source location

    2018-0102-Response-by-HC-One
    Page 6 · response
    Published 17 June 2018

    Open published response
  9. Nottinghamshire

    AI-generated summary

    Elaine Bradbrook · Prevention of Future Deaths report

    This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.

    Report summary

    Elaine Bradbrook suffered a severe ischaemic stroke, deteriorated into a deep coma, underwent a craniectomy, and died at Queen’s Medical Centre on 27 April 2017. Concerns included failures to escalate and monitor her deterioration, reassess her condition before transfer, and reduce risks during transfer, including transfer with an unprotected airway and without clinical escort. The report also raised concerns about the trust’s failure to investigate the circumstances, fulfil its duty of candour, and support or properly represent witnesses during the inquest.

    Read the report on judiciary.uk

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Failure to carry out an internal investigation after serious failures

    Wider context from the report

    “e. The trust appears not to have appreciated the significance of these issues. It has not carried out any internal investigation, nor contacted Elaine’s family in line with its duty of candour. I am concerned that there has been no opportunity for learning within the trust, following these serious failures. ”

    Source location

    Elaine Bradbrook · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 3 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Commence a serious incident investigation to review the care provided.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “I agree that there are clear learning points from this case and I have asked the Risk Team to commence an SI investigation to review the care and submit an action plan, as necessary. I will of course share this with you and the family once complete.”

    Source location

    2018-0044-Response-by-United-Lincolnshire-Hospitals-NHS-Trust
    Page 1 · response
    Published 7 June 2018

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Improve the serious incident process, including Trust-wide investigation training and governance oversight.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “The Trust recognises that the SI process at that time was poor. However we have, in the last 12 months, made significant improvements to our SI process and this incorporates training across the Trust on undertaking SI investigations. This process is being overseen by me and the Director of Nursing and we currently have in post an Interim Director of Governance who is leading on this project. Our new Risk Manager also commenced in post in February 2018.”

    Source location

    2018-0044-Response-by-United-Lincolnshire-Hospitals-NHS-Trust
    Page 1 · response
    Published 7 June 2018

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Maintain an Interim Director of Governance role leading the serious incident process improvement project.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “The Trust recognises that the SI process at that time was poor. However we have, in the last 12 months, made significant improvements to our SI process and this incorporates training across the Trust on undertaking SI investigations. This process is being overseen by me and the Director of Nursing and we currently have in post an Interim Director of Governance who is leading on this project. Our new Risk Manager also commenced in post in February 2018.”

    Source location

    2018-0044-Response-by-United-Lincolnshire-Hospitals-NHS-Trust
    Page 1 · response
    Published 7 June 2018

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Establish the new Risk Manager post to support serious incident process improvement.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “The Trust recognises that the SI process at that time was poor. However we have, in the last 12 months, made significant improvements to our SI process and this incorporates training across the Trust on undertaking SI investigations. This process is being overseen by me and the Director of Nursing and we currently have in post an Interim Director of Governance who is leading on this project. Our new Risk Manager also commenced in post in February 2018.”

    Source location

    2018-0044-Response-by-United-Lincolnshire-Hospitals-NHS-Trust
    Page 1 · response
    Published 7 June 2018

    Open published response
  10. Milton Keynes

    AI-generated summary

    Antony Richard COUGHTREY · Prevention of Future Deaths report

    This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.

    Report summary

    Antony Richard Coughtrey, who had been returned to prison after breaching his licence, died by suicide after hanging himself. The concerns included the absence of an internal Probation Service investigation or similar Serious Incident Review and an alleged failure to refer him back to the Parole Board after the licence breach.

    Read the report on judiciary.uk

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Lack of internal investigation or Serious Incident Review following a prisoner death

    Wider context from the report

    “1. that following a death of a prisoner who had been released on licence following a life sentence, there was no internal investigation by the Probation Service or any inquiry resembling a Serious Incident Review. They seem to have led to an air of complacency as to the Probation Service’s role in managing Mr Coughtrey ”

    Source location

    Antony Richard COUGHTREY · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 2 · concerns

    Open source report
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Data last updated 7 September 2026