Recurring concern

Unsafe implementation of choking-risk prevention measures

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First reported 30 Jul 2014•Latest report 19 Feb 2026

Definition

What this concern includes

Includes failures of controls dedicated to choking-risk prevention or response, including risk recognition, care-record accuracy, implementation of preventative measures, staff competence and application of choking guidance.

Not included

  • Excludes generic delays or failures to implement safety measures where they are not explicitly tied to choking risk.
  • Excludes unrelated clinical, care-planning or emergency-treatment deficiencies.
  • Excludes isolated equipment, staffing or documentation problems unless they directly concern choking-risk prevention or response.
Reports
25

Distinct published reports

Individual concerns
31

A report can raise multiple concerns

Date range
2014–2026

First to latest report issue date

Stated actions
55

Described in published responses

Reports over time

Reports over time

Reports about this concern issued each year.

* 2026 is projected from reports observed to 7 Sep 2026.

Most frequent recipients

Most frequent recipients

Reports about this concern sent to each recipient.

Department of Health and Social Care5
Care Quality Commission3
NHS England3
Department for Education2
Metropolitan Police Service2
Recipient name withheld2
Abbotswood1
Aran Court Care Centre1
Aspray House1
Aspray House Ltd1
Bedfordshire Police1
Boldmere Court Care Home1
Bourne Leisure Limited1
Bupa Care Homes (GL) Limited1
Care Outlook Ltd1

Concerns and responses across reports

Only concerns grouped under this recurring concern are included. Select any concern, action or position to view the source wording.

  1. Surrey

    AI-generated summary

    Geraldine Butterfield · Prevention of Future Deaths report

    This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.

    Report summary

    Geraldine Butterfield died on 25 July 2015 after choking on food while eating lunch at a nursing home; the cause of death was recorded as asphyxia due to food inhalation. Concerns were raised that some nursing staff did not sufficiently understand or implement the choking policy, and did not sufficiently understand when potentially life-saving treatment should be provided to a person with a DNAR order.

    Read the report on judiciary.uk

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Insufficient staff knowledge and understanding of the BUPA policy on choking

    Wider context from the report

    “Having heard evidence from a number of members of the nursing staff, I am concerned that not all staff members have a sufficient knowledge and understanding of the BUPA policy on choking, so as to be able to effectively implement it in the future. I am also concerned that not all staff members have a sufficient understanding of when potentially life-saving treatment should be provided to individuals in respect of whom a DNAR order is in place. - Not all staff members have a sufficient knowledge and understanding of the BUPA policy on choking so as to be able to effectively implement it in the future. - Not all staff members have a sufficient understanding of when potentially life-saving treatment should be provided to individuals in respect of whom a DNAR order is in place. Consideration should be given to whether any steps, including further training, can be taken to address the above concerns. ”

    Source location

    Geraldine Butterfield · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 2 · concerns

    Open source report
  2. Birmingham and Solihull

    AI-generated summary

    Robert Arthur Davidson · Prevention of Future Deaths report

    This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.

    Report summary

    Robert Arthur Davidson, who had dementia, Alzheimer’s disease and PICA, died after choking on a plastic glove at a care home on 27 January 2016. The report identified concerns about inadequate transfer of information about his PICA, insufficient staff training and failures in emergency procedures, including calling emergency services and initiating CPR.

    Read the report on judiciary.uk

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Failure to train care staff in CPR and choking procedures

    Wider context from the report

    “1. During the inquest I heard evidence that Health care staff had not been trained on basic process as follows: • Making 999 calls – to obtain an outside line caller’s needed to first dial “9”. The HCA instructed to make the 999 call did not know this so the call was unsuccessful. The registered nurse looking after the patient whilst he was choking had to make the 999 call resulting in her leaving the patient. • When to Start CPR. The RGN and HCA (Health Care Assistants) staff had received no training on the CPR and choking policy The concern is that staff are not trained in basic processes and therefore not able to deal with emergency situations. ”

    Source location

    Robert Arthur Davidson · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 2 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Implement an additional action plan and timetable responding to the inquest findings.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “Unfortunately, whilst under the Restful Homes Group tenure, Aran Court had very few of these processes in place and where systems or processes were in situ they were often substandard. It remains an ongoing process to fully embed all of Avery’s policies and procedures and in light of the inquests findings an additional action plan and timetable for action has been implemented.”

    Source location

    2016-0363-Response-by-Avery
    Page 2 · response
    Published 26 February 2017

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Continue embedding all organisational policies and procedures at Aran Court.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “Unfortunately, whilst under the Restful Homes Group tenure, Aran Court had very few of these processes in place and where systems or processes were in situ they were often substandard. It remains an ongoing process to fully embed all of Avery’s policies and procedures and in light of the inquests findings an additional action plan and timetable for action has been implemented.”

    Source location

    2016-0363-Response-by-Avery
    Page 2 · response
    Published 26 February 2017

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Inspect care homes’ emergency response, staff training, induction, and transfer-risk arrangements, including follow-up checks against the reported concerns.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “During the course of the CQC focused inspection of Aran Court Care Centre on 09 March 2016, we found systems in place to ensure that nurses had training in emergency first aid. Emergency First Aid at work training provides delegates with an extensive first aid skill set so that they can identify incidents and manage them appropriately, whether the patient is conscious or unconscious. The course is designed to include first aid priorities, managing incidents, basic life support (CPR), unconsciousness, control of bleeding, burns and scolds, recording and reporting First Aid Priorities.”

    Source location

    2016-0363-Response-by-Care-Quality-Commission
    Page 2 · response
    Published 26 February 2017

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Maintain the Care Certificate as an induction and development standard covering safe, effective care for health and social care workers.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “In April 2015, the Government introduced the Care Certificate (as recommended by Camilla Cavendish in her July 2013 review), which is helping to ensure that support workers and their employers can deliver a consistently high quality standard of safe, effective and compassionate care. It includes 15 standards and outcomes that health and social care workers – in hospitals, care homes and people’s own homes – should know and be able to deliver in their daily work. Regarded as ‘best practice’ for the induction of new health and care assistants, it is also offering existing staff an opportunity to refresh or improve their knowledge.”

    Source location

    2016-0363-Response-by-Department-of-Health
    Page 1 · response
    Published 26 February 2017

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent position was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Emergency first aid and basic life-support training is considered an appropriate level of training for staff responding to choking and CPR situations.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “As a provider Avery Healthcare does have appropriate systems and documentation in situ to address each of the above points.”

    Source location

    2016-0363-Response-by-Avery
    Page 1 · response
    Published 26 February 2017

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent position was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Existing emergency first-aid training, shift reminders and staff competence checks were considered sufficient to address emergency response concerns.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “During the course of the CQC focused inspection of Aran Court Care Centre on 09 March 2016, we found systems in place to ensure that nurses had training in emergency first aid. Emergency First Aid at work training provides delegates with an extensive first aid skill set so that they can identify incidents and manage them appropriately, whether the patient is conscious or unconscious. The course is designed to include first aid priorities, managing incidents, basic life support (CPR), unconsciousness, control of bleeding, burns and scolds, recording and reporting First Aid Priorities.”

    Source location

    2016-0363-Response-by-Care-Quality-Commission
    Page 2 · response
    Published 26 February 2017

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent position was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Care Certificate induction standards and workplace competence assessment were considered sufficient to ensure HCAs had necessary knowledge and skills.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “The Care Certificate was developed jointly by Skills for Care, Health Education England and Skills for Health, and introduced on 01 April 2015. These Care Certificate standards apply across both social care and health, and link to the national occupational standards. The Care Certificate is designed for new HCA staff, it also offers opportunities for existing staff to refresh or improve their knowledge. The new standards encapsulated in the Care Certificate should ensure that the health and social care workers have the required values, behaviours, competences and skills to provide high quality, compassionate care.”

    Source location

    2016-0363-Response-by-Care-Quality-Commission
    Page 3 · response
    Published 26 February 2017

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent position was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Care homes are responsible for providing and maintaining staff training, including emergency telephone, CPR and choking procedures.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “Care organisations, including homes such as Aran Court Care Centre, are responsible for the induction and training of their staff. This should include the use of the telephone in emergency situations. Basic CPR training is a minimal expectation of those working in care settings. It is the responsibility of the care home to provide this training and ensuring that staff maintains their competence through regular updates. It may be necessary for the care home to access training in the NHS to meet these requirements.”

    Source location

    2016-0363-Response-by-NHS-England
    Page 1 · response
    Published 26 February 2017

    Open published response
  3. London (East)

    AI-generated summary

    Michael Joseph Lyons · Prevention of Future Deaths report

    This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.

    Report summary

    Michael Joseph Lyons had Parkinson’s disease with significant difficulties in balance, speech and swallowing. On 23 September 2014, while being cared for at home, he choked on cheese on toast after it was not cut into small pieces and he was left eating unsupervised, causing his death. Concerns included the absence of an adequate care plan addressing the known choking risk, including food preparation and supervision, and the failure to establish and implement the speech and language therapist’s recommendations.

    Read the report on judiciary.uk

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Care plans failing to specify swallowing-risk management measures

    Wider context from the report

    “(1) The Care Agency were aware of the swallowing difficulties experienced by Mr Lyons and they had been informed of a SALT assessment having taken place in June 2014. (2) There was no evidence that the Care Agency had made any attempt to determine the outcome of the SALT assessment and to put into place steps to protect Mr Lyons from the risk of choking. (3) Some carers were aware of the need for food to be cut into small pieces. The carer who attended on the 23 September confirmed that she was not aware that food needed to be cut up. (4) The care plan did not provide a management plan to protect Mr Lyons from the risk of choking. The care plan did not specify that food should be cut up and did not confirm that Mr Lyons should be supervised. (5) The care plan was dated 10 September 2014. The information from the SALT was available at that time and the author of the care plan should have taken steps to ensure that the care plan reflected the recommendations from the assessment. ”

    Source location

    Michael Joseph Lyons · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 2 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this respondent position was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    The agency disputes being informed of the SALT assessment, choking risk, or recommendations requiring food preparation and meal supervision.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “We were aware that Mr Lyons had difficulty with swallowing as a consequence of his sister ████████ informing us during our risk assessment. Our paperwork states that ‘no other health/social care professionals are involved in Mr Lyons’ care at this time. There is no information documented that we have been informed that a SALT assessment had taken place.”

    Source location

    2015-0067-Response-by-John-Stanley-Care-Agency
    Page 3 · response
    Published 20 February 2015

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent position was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    The agency says it could not supervise eating within the 30-minute visit while completing the existing personal-care tasks without additional allocated time.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “The increase for the morning call would have been required, as it is impossible to carry out all the personal care tasks already stipulated on the care plan and supervise Mr Lyons’ eating within the 30 minutes allocated by Social Services. We have no paperwork stipulating that Mr Lyons was at risk of choking and, therefore, needed to be supervised for all meals.”

    Source location

    2015-0067-Response-by-John-Stanley-Care-Agency
    Page 2 · response
    Published 20 February 2015

    Open published response
  4. Inner West London

    AI-generated summary

    Tiya Chetan Chauhan · Prevention of Future Deaths report

    This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.

    Report summary

    Tiya Chetan Chauhan died on 24 August 2012 at St George’s Hospital after inhaling a cube of raw jelly that obstructed her airway during a sensory tray activity at a nursery. The report identified concerns about the choking risk of raw jelly cubes, inadequate supervision, insufficient risk assessment, and the absence of warnings on packets of raw jelly.

    Read the report on judiciary.uk

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Absence of choking-risk warnings on packets of raw jelly

    Wider context from the report

    “(2) That packets of raw jelly do not contain a warning that cubes of jelly present a choking risk to children. ”

    Source location

    Tiya Chetan Chauhan · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 2 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Forward the report to relevant food manufacturing and retail trade bodies for information and consideration regarding warnings about raw jelly cube risks.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “In relation to your concerns over the lack of warning about the issue on packaging, the FSA will forward a copy of your report to relevant industry manufacturing and retail trade bodies, for their information and consideration. I can confirm that there is no specific legal requirement (in what is an area of law closely harmonised at EU level) for such food to contain a warning on the label or on a point of sale notice if sold loose. However, this is something that a particular manufacturer or retailer”

    Source location

    2014-0575-Response-by-Food-Standards-Agency
    Page 1 · response
    Published 29 September 2014

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent position was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Warnings on food-product packaging are outside Ofsted’s remit.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “The inclusion of warnings on the packaging of food items and products is not a matter for Ofsted. We have discussed this concern with the FSA and have agreed that they will respond to you on the possibility for further action.”

    Source location

    2014-0575-Response-by-Ofsted
    Page 2 · response
    Published 29 September 2014

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent position was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    The Food Standards Agency will respond about possible further action on warnings for raw jelly packaging.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “The inclusion of warnings on the packaging of food items and products is not a matter for Ofsted. We have discussed this concern with the FSA and have agreed that they will respond to you on the possibility for further action.”

    Source location

    2014-0575-Response-by-Ofsted
    Page 2 · response
    Published 29 September 2014

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent position was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    There is no specific legal requirement to require warnings on packaging or loose-food point-of-sale notices; manufacturers and retailers may act voluntarily.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “In relation to your concerns over the lack of warning about the issue on packaging, the FSA will forward a copy of your report to relevant industry manufacturing and retail trade bodies, for their information and consideration. I can confirm that there is no specific legal requirement (in what is an area of law closely harmonised at EU level) for such food to contain a warning on the label or on a point of sale notice if sold loose. However, this is something that a particular manufacturer or retailer”

    Source location

    2014-0575-Response-by-Food-Standards-Agency
    Page 1 · response
    Published 29 September 2014

    Open published response
  5. Manchester South

    AI-generated summary

    Edna Smither · Prevention of Future Deaths report

    This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.

    Report summary

    Edna Smither choked on sausage while being fed lunch at Peel Moat Care Home on 25 April 2013 and died later that day in hospital. Concerns included limited up-to-date first-aid certification, a delay caused by a locked door, panic and a lack of calm leadership or training, and failures to report incidents under RIDDOR without delay.

    Read the report on judiciary.uk

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Lack of up-to-date first aid certification and choking-response knowledge among staff

    Wider context from the report

    “1. It transpired during the course of the hearing that only one (comparatively junior) member of staff present on the day of the incident and death, had a First Aid certificate which was ‘in date’. Whilst I recognise that there is no legal requirement for this, none the less I feel it would be very helpful for all staff to have up-to-date certification, so that they would know when to, and how to, carry out abdominal thrusts to dislodge food boluses etc. ”

    Source location

    Edna Smither · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 1 · concerns

    Open source report
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Data last updated 7 September 2026