Recurring concern

Unreliable operational liaison between police and mental health services for safety-critical risk management

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First reported 1 Nov 2013•Latest report 5 Mar 2026

Definition

What this concern includes

Includes failures of the dedicated operational liaison interface between police and mental health services, including direct contact arrangements, prompt two-way communication, sharing of risk information and coordination of action for people presenting violence, missing-person, custody or other pressing mental-health-related risks.

Not included

  • Excludes generic communication, staffing, training or information-sharing deficiencies without a specific police–mental-health operational liaison context.
  • Excludes failures confined to internal mental health assessment, treatment, referral or care coordination where police liaison is not the shared unsafe condition.
  • Excludes police or ambulance response failures that do not involve operational liaison with mental health services.
  • Excludes routine strategic meetings or general partnership governance that do not support frontline, safety-critical risk assessment or management.
Reports
12

Distinct published reports

Individual concerns
14

A report can raise multiple concerns

Date range
2013–2026

First to latest report issue date

Stated actions
32

Described in published responses

Reports over time

Reports over time

Reports about this concern issued each year.

* 2026 is projected from reports observed to 7 Sep 2026.

Most frequent recipients

Most frequent recipients

Reports about this concern sent to each recipient.

Metropolitan Police Service3
Department of Health and Social Care2
East London NHS Foundation Trust2
Home Office2
National Police Chiefs’ Council2
NHS England2
Sussex Police2
College of Policing1
Derbyshire Constabulary1
Derbyshire Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust1
East Midlands Ambulance Service NHS Trust1
Essex Partnership University NHS Foundation Trust1
Essex Police1
Greater Manchester Police1
Midlands Partnership University NHS Foundation Trust1

Concerns and responses across reports

Only concerns grouped under this recurring concern are included. Select any concern, action or position to view the source wording.

  1. East London

    AI-generated summary

    Caroline Adeyelu · Prevention of Future Deaths report

    This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.

    Report summary

    Caroline Adeyelu died after suffering a fatal stab wound to her chest at home on 30 October 2022, inflicted by her son, who was under the care of community mental health services. The inquest identified inadequate risk assessment and management, insufficient safeguarding and family engagement, poor care coordination and information sharing, and ineffective communication between mental health services and the police.

    Read the report on judiciary.uk

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Failure to provide prompt direct operational liaison between mental health services and police

    Wider context from the report

    “2. The inquest heard concerns from multiple witnesses about the lack of effective communication systems in place between the mental health services and the Metropolitan Police Service, in circumstances where there are dual forensic and mental health concerns. Whilst there are clearly higher-level meetings that take place between the trusts and the MPS, these do not address the needs of psychiatrists and police officers working on the frontline who are having to address pressing risk issues – both in assessing and in managing risk. Such liaison needs to be prompt – in some cases immediate. Liaison may be from the MPS to the Trust (for example in risk assessing missing persons) or from the trust to the police (for both risk assessment and how to best manage risk). The inquest heard that communication both ways was challenging. The challenges have increased since the introduction of the Right Care, Right Person policy has been introduced. In some cases, communication was not attempted at all, because of the assumption that the appropriate professional was unlikely to be reached. Both trusts and the MPS are asked to consider a process for direct and immediate operational liaison between the police and NHS mental health staff for individuals presenting with a risk of violence compounded by mental ill health. ”

    Source location

    Caroline Adeyelu · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 3 · concerns

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    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Engage with the Metropolitan Police Service to review and agree strengthened operational liaison arrangements for high-risk situations involving mental ill health.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “In relation to the direct and immediate operational liaison between the Trust and the Metropolitan Police Service the Chief Executive Officers of both North East London NHS Foundation Trust (NELFT) and East London NHS Foundation Trust (ELFT) have written directly to Sir Mark Rowley of the Metropolitan Police Service to reset and strengthen our collective approach. Whilst we continue to engage at a Borough Command level (with the most recent collective review taking place on 14th April), we have advised that we would welcome the opportunity to work on and agree:”

    Source location

    Response from North East London Foundation Trust
    Page 2 · response
    Published 9 March 2026

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    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Review existing information-sharing pathways with Mental Health Trusts to identify inconsistencies and gaps.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “In response, the MPS has already undertaken a comprehensive review of existing information-sharing pathways with Mental Health Trusts. This work identified inconsistencies across London, including where current arrangements rely on informal, individual-based contact rather than clear, structured systems. The review also highlighted the absence of designated contact points that can be accessed reliably by frontline officers and clinical teams in urgent circumstances. These gaps create the potential for delays, missed opportunities for intervention, and uncertainty for those involved in managing shared risks.”

    Source location

    Response from Metropolitan Police
    Page 2 · response
    Published 9 March 2026

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    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Meet with North East London and East London NHS Foundation Trusts to discuss improved operational information flow, contact points and escalation routes.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “As part of strengthening partnership working, the MPS has met directly with both North East London NHS Foundation Trust (NEFLT) and East London NHS Foundation Trust (ELFT) to discuss improved operational information flow between policing and mental health services. These discussions have focused on how frontline officers and clinicians can access timely, proportionate information, how points of contact can be clarified at an operational level and how escalation routes can be strengthened when immediate clinical or police input is required.”

    Source location

    Response from Metropolitan Police
    Page 2 · response
    Published 9 March 2026

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    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Develop a London-wide direct liaison protocol defining urgent contact arrangements, accessibility, responsibilities, escalation and lawful information sharing.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “To address these issues, the MPS is developing a new direct liaison protocol to support immediate frontline communication between officers and Mental Health Trust clinicians when an individual presents a combination of mental ill health and risk of violence. The protocol is being developed with local partnership governance structures and aims to clearly define who should be contacted, ensure round-the-clock accessibility to the appropriate advice, and set out the respective responsibilities of both police and clinical services under RCRP. This work also includes reinforcing existing routes available to officers, such as the use of the mental health clinical advice line, which provides timely clinical guidance where appropriate and helps support informed decision making in real time situations.”

    Source location

    Response from Metropolitan Police
    Page 2 · response
    Published 9 March 2026

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    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Remind Borough Commanders to ensure officers use the Mental Health Clinical Advice Line when responding to people experiencing mental ill health.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “The protocol is being aligned with the relevant data protection and safeguarding frameworks to allow information to be shared safely and lawfully. Importantly, this work is intended to establish consistent operational expectations across all London boroughs so that frontline practitioners experience predictable and reliable routes of communication, regardless of location. It is anticipated that this work will be completed by the beginning of next year. In the interim, on 2nd April 2026, communication was issued to all Borough Commanders reminding them of the requirement to ensure that officers utilise the Mental Health Clinical Advice Line whenever they engage with or are required to make decisions concerning a person known or believed to be experiencing mental ill health. This information has also been published on the Mental Health page of the Public Protection SharePoint.”

    Source location

    Response from Metropolitan Police
    Page 2 · response
    Published 9 March 2026

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    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Publish the Mental Health Clinical Advice Line reminder on the Mental Health page of the Public Protection SharePoint.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “The protocol is being aligned with the relevant data protection and safeguarding frameworks to allow information to be shared safely and lawfully. Importantly, this work is intended to establish consistent operational expectations across all London boroughs so that frontline practitioners experience predictable and reliable routes of communication, regardless of location. It is anticipated that this work will be completed by the beginning of next year. In the interim, on 2nd April 2026, communication was issued to all Borough Commanders reminding them of the requirement to ensure that officers utilise the Mental Health Clinical Advice Line whenever they engage with or are required to make decisions concerning a person known or believed to be experiencing mental ill health. This information has also been published on the Mental Health page of the Public Protection SharePoint.”

    Source location

    Response from Metropolitan Police
    Page 2 · response
    Published 9 March 2026

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    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Continue working with Mental Health Trust Leads and the Joint Mental Health and Police Group to refine operational communication and escalation arrangements.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “The MPS is continuing to work closely with Mental Health Trust Leads and the Joint Mental Health and Police Group (JMHPG) to refine and strengthen these arrangements. This includes agreeing escalation routes when urgent clinical input is needed, clarifying points of contact, and aligning operational processes with both clinical practice and policing risk assessment frameworks. This collaborative approach reflects our shared commitment to improving how risk is assessed and managed in real time.”

    Source location

    Response from Metropolitan Police
    Page 2 · response
    Published 9 March 2026

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    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Train Tower Hamlets staff on expectations for contacting police after Right Care, Right Person commenced.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “• Training of all staff in Tower Hamlets in relation to expectations about contacting the police after Right Care, Right Person commenced.”

    Source location

    Response from East London Foundation Trust
    Page 4 · response
    Published 9 March 2026

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    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Create a monthly liaison meeting between local police and the Tower Hamlets directorate to discuss inpatient and community service concerns.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “• Creation of a monthly liaison meeting between the local police and Tower Hamlets directorate to discuss concerns arising across in-patient and community services.”

    Source location

    Response from East London Foundation Trust
    Page 4 · response
    Published 9 March 2026

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    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Disseminate updated instructions to clinicians on contacting police and following agreed processes.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “• Updated communication sent to all clinicians highlighting how to contact police and the agreed processes.”

    Source location

    Response from East London Foundation Trust
    Page 4 · response
    Published 9 March 2026

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    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Meet senior Metropolitan Police Service and NHS leaders to discuss changes and strengthen joint working, including direct liaison, escalation, safeguarding, frontline collaboration, and training.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “8. Upon receiving your Regulation 28 report the Trust has reflected on your concerns and agrees that it must continue to improve its communication with the police. This is especially the case as the police force’s dedicated mental health liaison workers have just been disbanded. This, alongside pre-existing limitations in information sharing between the Trust and the police and operational challenges associated with Right Care, Right Person will make joint working more difficult. To this end, on 1 May 2026, the Trust’s Chief Executive Officer, Deputy Chief Executive Officer and Chief Medical Officer will be meeting with the MPS Lead Responsible Officer for Mental Health, other senior MPS officers and North East London NHS Foundation Trust to discuss how to best manage these changes and strengthen integrating working in future. The following items will be considered:”

    Source location

    Response from East London Foundation Trust
    Page 4 · response
    Published 9 March 2026

    Open published response
  2. South Yorkshire (Western)

    AI-generated summary

    Roger Gary Leadbeater · Prevention of Future Deaths report

    This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.

    Report summary

    Roger Gary Leadbeater died on 9 August 2023 from multiple stab wounds inflicted by a patient detained under the Mental Health Act who had absconded from escorted leave. The report identified concerns about inadequate and poorly recorded handovers between police forces and the mental health trust, which meant significant risk information was not clearly communicated and may have affected decisions to grant leave. It also noted that, as of January 2026, relevant policies and auditing arrangements had not been updated to support the use of new handover forms.

    Read the report on judiciary.uk

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Failure to appropriately communicate key information in police handovers for people detained under the Mental Health Act

    Wider context from the report

    “During the inquest evidence was given by both South Yorkshire Police and Greater Manchester Police that hand overs between police forces, and between Greater Manchester Police and the Greater Manchester Mental Health NHS Foundation Trust were inadequate and not clearly recorded. This resulted in the Greater Manchester Mental Health NHS Foundation Trust being unaware of, or unclear about, significant risk factors such as the patient assaulting others, making threats to harm others, using drugs and carrying weapons during her periods of absence. This impacted on their subsequent decision to grant the patient leave, including the granting of leave for the final time, two days before Roger died. The inquest heard that handover forms were being developed by both forces and policy changes were planned to support the new form, but this process had not been completed. The evidence provided to the Court on 7 January 2026 was that, as in August 2023, the content and quality of hand overs still relied on individual officers acting without guidance or documentation. On 22 January 2026 the Court was told both police forces now have a hand over form, but both forces have not updated the relevant policies to support its implementation or audit its use. I am concerned that without a robust handover process in place, key information about those detained under the Mental Health Act and being transported by police will not be appropriately communicated. This is turn may affect risk assessments and decisions around patients being granted leave. ”

    Source location

    Roger Gary Leadbeater · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 2 · concerns

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    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Amend Form 1157 and the supporting policy to mandate structured recording and handover of risk information across specified mental-health conveyances.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “To address the issues that presented in Mr Leadbeater’s case, GMP has amended Form 1157 and moreover extended the circumstances in which the form is mandated for completion. The form must now be completed whenever officers take or convey (or assist in conveying) a person to hospital under any of the following circumstances:”

    Source location

    2026-0041 - Response from Greater Manchester Police
    Page 2 · response
    Published 29 January 2026

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    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Update, test and release the Form 1157 mobile app with the revised structure and mandatory risk-information fields.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “To ensure the amended Form 1157 is fully embedded into frontline practice, GMP is also updating the digital version of the form used on officers’ mobile devices. An initial meeting to scope the required changes to the 1157 mobile app took place on 23rd February 2026, during which the technical and operational requirements were agreed. The final sign off for the project is due to take place on 16th March 2026 after which development work will begin. It is estimated that it will take 3 months for the completion of testing and for full release of the app to take place.”

    Source location

    2026-0041 - Response from Greater Manchester Police
    Page 4 · response
    Published 29 January 2026

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    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Integrate case learning on risk identification, documentation and information sharing into Missing Person CPD and promoted-officer skills courses.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “GMP is embedding the learning arising from this case into its wider professional development framework. The circumstances and lessons identified will be incorporated into Missing Person Continual Professional Development (CPD), ensuring that all officers receive consistent guidance on risk identification, documentation and effective information sharing.”

    Source location

    2026-0041 - Response from Greater Manchester Police
    Page 5 · response
    Published 29 January 2026

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    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Produce and publish a mental-health missing-persons CPD video covering risk assessment, conveyance responsibilities and structured hospital handovers.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “This learning will also be integrated into the Sergeants’, Inspectors’ and Superintendents’ Skills Courses delivered to all newly promoted officers. In addition, the Vulnerability CORE within the Public Protection Division is producing a short CPD training video focused on mental health considerations in Missing Person cases. The video will outline expectations around risk assessment, conveyance responsibilities, and the structured handover of pertinent risk information to receiving hospitals, including the completion of Form 1157.”

    Source location

    2026-0041 - Response from Greater Manchester Police
    Page 5 · response
    Published 29 January 2026

    Open published response
  3. South Yorkshire (Western)

    AI-generated summary

    Kaine Regan FLETCHER · Prevention of Future Deaths report

    This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.

    Report summary

    Kaine Regan FLETCHER, a 26-year-old man with paranoid personality disorder and a history of substance misuse, died on 3 July 2022 after restraint by police, developing rhabdomyolysis, multi-system organ failure and cardiac arrest. The report raises concerns about the lack of joined-up policies and cross-sector working on acute behavioural disturbance and section 136 detentions, police and ambulance conveyance practices and training, the availability of out-of-hours street triage, and gaps in services for people with combined mental health and substance misuse conditions.

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    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Lack of an out-of-hours local protocol for police access to mental health advice

    Wider context from the report

    “5. The availability of the Street Triage Team I heard evidence that Nottinghamshire is pioneering in its provision of a Street Triage Team, a service that has been available since 2014. This team is comprised of one police officer and one community psychiatric nurse who can travel to mental health incidents to provide assessment and advice to the response officers, particularly in relation to exercising s.136 powers. I heard that this service is available between 8am and 1am, and that the resourcing of the service (both in terms of the shift patterns and the available cars) was determined by analysis of a data set in 2017. At the time that the incident arose with Kaine on 3 July 2022, no STT was available as it was out of hours. I am concerned that there is a need to review the data to ensure that the demand for the service in 2025 is still reflected in the shift patterns. I am concerned, based on the evidence that I heard from EMAS in relation to an increase of ~60% in mental health related calls, that the demand for service may have changed since 2017. I note that the Mental Health Code of Practice includes the following guidance at [16.23] in relation to triage and s.136: “When deciding that detention may be necessary, the police may also benefit from seeking advice before using section 136 powers in cases where they are unsure that the circumstances are sufficiently serious for using these powers. Local protocols should set out how this advice can be provided and who the police should contact, including outside of normal business hours”. I am concerned that I have not seen any local protocol as to who the police should contact out of hours, and I note that EMAS do have available mental health nurses between the hours of 1am and 8am. This again appears to be a local policy and communication issue. ”

    Source location

    Kaine Regan FLETCHER · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 7 · concerns

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    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Support forces to develop local protocols with partner agencies.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “• Support forces in developing local protocols with partner agencies”

    Source location

    Response from College of Policing
    Page 4 · response
    Published 29 July 2025

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    How this respondent position was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Operational and local partnership concerns are being addressed by Nottinghamshire Police, which is providing the full response.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “We have carefully considered the matters of concern raised in your Regulation 28 report. This response outlines the College of Policing’s position on Acute Behavioural Disturbance, and police training in respect of the Mental Health Act. In relation to the operational elements and local partnership working, we have been in contact with Nottinghamshire Police and understand that a number of measures are being implemented and a full response to the concerns you have raised is being provided.”

    Source location

    Response from College of Policing
    Page 1 · response
    Published 29 July 2025

    Open published response
  4. South Yorkshire (Western)

    AI-generated summary

    Claire Louise Driver · Prevention of Future Deaths report

    This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.

    Report summary

    Claire Louise Driver had a history of schizoaffective disorder and polysubstance misuse and was found in significant decomposition in a shallow stream on 14 September 2024 after being reported missing on 24 June 2024. The cause of death was unascertained. The inquest heard concerns about limited attempts to engage her while her mental health was deteriorating, liaison between police and mental health services, and staff training on substance misuse and mental health.

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    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Inadequate liaison between police and enhanced community mental health teams when people are in custody

    Wider context from the report

    “(1) The inquest heard there were only two attempts to see Claire by the enhanced community mental health team between 28 November 2023, when she was seen in police custody, and 16 January 2024, when she was detained under the Mental Health Act, despite clear evidence her mental health was deteriorating. It was accepted in evidence a more assertive approach to attempt to engage Claire, and in complex cases generally, could have been used and there could have been better liaison between the police and the enhanced community mental health team when Claire was in custody. A more assertive approach and better liaison could have prevented Claire relapsing to such an extent she needed to be detained under the Mental Health Act. ”

    Source location

    Claire Louise Driver · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 3 · concerns

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  5. West Sussex, Brighton and Hove

    AI-generated summary

    Ryan Louis Ouslem · Prevention of Future Deaths report

    This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.

    Report summary

    Ryan Louis Ouslem was found deceased at home on 1 August 2022 after previously posting a Facebook message that raised concerns for his welfare and indicated that his flat was unsafe to enter. The report raises concerns about police mental-health training and assessment, the sharing of relevant information between police and mental-health services, and the lack of joint training under new working arrangements.

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    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Lack of defined information-sharing arrangements for the Rapid Response Service

    Wider context from the report

    “The inquest heard evidence from a Street Triage practitioner who was embedded with the police on the 29/07/22. She explained that they are reliant on the police to share relevant information, for example from the police CAD system. In this case not all relevant information was passed to the mental health practitioner in a timely manner. An SPFT witness stated that it was not for them to provide training to the police and that she had not been on any cross-service training. I was informed that a new system of working with the police is being introduced this will be called the ‘Rapid Response Service’ and mental health workers will no longer be embedded with the police. SPFT has provided me with the way the new system is anticipated to function and this has been helpful in understanding the changes. No policy documents yet exist for this system and an SPFT witness told me that how information is to be shared between them and the police service is yet to be ironed out. Some of this service will not be dissimilar to the Street Triage service. I am concerned because this new approach under the ‘Right Care, Right Person’ policy will still need police officers to understand mental health issues in order to know when to pass matters on for mental health services to deal and what information to provide. Despite the significant change of working arrangements there does not appear to have been any joint training undertaken; nor am I informed that any is planned. I am concerned that the importance of sharing all relevant information will not be understood unless each organisation understands what information to provide to the other or what questions to ask. ”

    Source location

    Ryan Louis Ouslem · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 2 · concerns

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    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Failure to ensure police officers understand mental health issues and referral information requirements

    Wider context from the report

    “The inquest heard evidence from a Street Triage practitioner who was embedded with the police on the 29/07/22. She explained that they are reliant on the police to share relevant information, for example from the police CAD system. In this case not all relevant information was passed to the mental health practitioner in a timely manner. An SPFT witness stated that it was not for them to provide training to the police and that she had not been on any cross-service training. I was informed that a new system of working with the police is being introduced this will be called the ‘Rapid Response Service’ and mental health workers will no longer be embedded with the police. SPFT has provided me with the way the new system is anticipated to function and this has been helpful in understanding the changes. No policy documents yet exist for this system and an SPFT witness told me that how information is to be shared between them and the police service is yet to be ironed out. Some of this service will not be dissimilar to the Street Triage service. I am concerned because this new approach under the ‘Right Care, Right Person’ policy will still need police officers to understand mental health issues in order to know when to pass matters on for mental health services to deal and what information to provide. Despite the significant change of working arrangements there does not appear to have been any joint training undertaken; nor am I informed that any is planned. I am concerned that the importance of sharing all relevant information will not be understood unless each organisation understands what information to provide to the other or what questions to ask. ”

    Source location

    Ryan Louis Ouslem · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 2 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Develop a trust-wide Standard Operational Procedure covering partner contact arrangements, risk management, documentation, information sources and evidence-based decisions.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “A trust wide Standard Operational Procedure for the RRS is being developed which will provide guidance to staff working within the RRS. This will embed the expectations placed”

    Source location

    Response from Sussex Partnership NHS Trust
    Page 2 · response
    Published 25 September 2024

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    How this respondent position was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    The operational Blue Light Line and existing policy are sufficient; police officers will not need to change practice when Rapid Response launches.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “As it stands, the Rapid Assessment Service or Rapid Response will be accessed by our officers via the Blue Light Line. The Blue Light Line is already operational, and it is current policy to utilise this service when dealing with a mental health incident. The Blue Light Line retains records of the contact and ensures information is correctly processed. There will be no change in practice required for police officers when the Rapid Response Service is launched, and it anticipated it will enhance the offer of service from the Blue Light Line.”

    Source location

    Response from Sussex Police 1
    Page 1 · response
    Published 25 September 2024

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    How this respondent position was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Joint training with SPFT is not considered workable because its cost and logistical requirements are disproportionate at this stage.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “We have carefully considered whether joint training with SPFT could provide anything additional which could assist officers when referring matters and providing information to them, however we do not believe it is workable step and the cost and logistics of doing so would not be proportionate at this stage.”

    Source location

    Response from Sussex Police 2
    Page 3 · response
    Published 25 September 2024

    Open published response
  6. West Sussex, Brighton and Hove

    AI-generated summary

    Miles Ethan Hurley · Prevention of Future Deaths report

    This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.

    Report summary

    Miles Ethan Hurley died at 5.58am on 10 July 2022 after intentionally driving his father’s car towards an HGV lorry while experiencing a psychotic episode. The report identified concerns about inadequate communication and documentation between police officers, the Liaison Diversion Service and mental health services, including the handling of family information and mental health assessments while he was intoxicated. It also identified gaps in guidance, availability and procedures for mental health assessment, appropriate adult support and ongoing care in custody.

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    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Unavailability of appropriate LDS-police liaison templates

    Wider context from the report

    “4. Memorandum of Understanding between Midlands Partnership University NHS Foundation Trust, Sussex Police and Mitie The MOU does not adequately address the practical issues facing an LDS and the police services to ensure appropriate management of mental health assessment and ongoing care whilst an individual is in Custody. There is an absence of local or national ‘Standard Operating Procedures’ or guidelines as to when to obtain a mental health assessment if an individual is intoxicated, a lack of formal documentation procedures, or steps to be taken to encourage further sharing of available information between the LDS service and the police (the LDS practitioner was not fully informed of Miles’s presentation at arrest, was not informed of the concerns raised by the family regarding Miles’s acute deterioration in his mental health and had no access to police records to be better informed). Nor are there any appropriate templates available with regard to liaison between LDS and the police to ensure consistency and accuracy of available evidence. ”

    Source location

    Miles Ethan Hurley · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 4 · concerns

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    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Failure of LDS and police information sharing about custody mental health presentation

    Wider context from the report

    “4. Memorandum of Understanding between Midlands Partnership University NHS Foundation Trust, Sussex Police and Mitie The MOU does not adequately address the practical issues facing an LDS and the police services to ensure appropriate management of mental health assessment and ongoing care whilst an individual is in Custody. There is an absence of local or national ‘Standard Operating Procedures’ or guidelines as to when to obtain a mental health assessment if an individual is intoxicated, a lack of formal documentation procedures, or steps to be taken to encourage further sharing of available information between the LDS service and the police (the LDS practitioner was not fully informed of Miles’s presentation at arrest, was not informed of the concerns raised by the family regarding Miles’s acute deterioration in his mental health and had no access to police records to be better informed). Nor are there any appropriate templates available with regard to liaison between LDS and the police to ensure consistency and accuracy of available evidence. ”

    Source location

    Miles Ethan Hurley · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 7 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Develop a standard template and guidance with NPCC and CPS for transferring relevant Liaison and Diversion assessment information to police.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “‘NHS England to provide clear guidance to practitioners on what information should be uploaded to police custody logs to ensure consistency and relevance for decision-makers (e.g. custody welfare, bail, police and court outcomes). To be achieved in collaboration with the CPS and local police services.’”

    Source location

    Response from NHS England
    Page 2 · response
    Published 29 July 2024

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Add a standard template for written information shared with police colleagues to the Custody Pathway SOP.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “In direct response to your concerns raised during the inquest into Mr Hurley’s death regarding the lack of guidelines to support a Liaison and Diversion practitioner as to when it is appropriate to undertake a formal mental health assessment if an individual is intoxicated rather than feeling obliged to do so because of their availability, MPFT are currently reviewing the Custody Pathway SOP. It has been agreed with the Senior Leadership Team in MPFT Health and Justice Services that written guidelines, regarding assessment of individuals who are intoxicated, are needed for MPFT staff. MPFT Custody Team Leaders are meeting on the 9th October 2024 to review the SOP to add:”

    Source location

    Response from Midlands Partnership NHS Trust
    Page 2 · response
    Published 29 July 2024

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Maintain documented, verbally delivered and CCTV-recorded custody handovers, with live risk updates, shared access, audit trails, staff training and peer review.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “At the point of handover, the Principal Sergeant will refer to a handover document (a copy of which is supplied at Appendix 1) from which they will brief the oncoming team verbally. All members of the current duty team and the oncoming team will be present. They are each given a copy of the handover document which they can refer to during the briefing. The briefing is delivered by the Principal Custody Sergeant in person and is recorded on CCTV which is accessible at any time.”

    Source location

    Response from Sussex Police
    Page 2 · response
    Published 29 July 2024

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Record custody risks and concerns discussed with Liaison and Diversion staff on the detainee’s risk assessment and care plan.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “LDS Nurses will proactively triage detainees listed on the Custody White Board between 08:00hrs and 20:00hrs. This is a virtual white board accessed via NICHE which LDS nurses can independently access at any time. It contains details of all detainees in each Custody Centre. A Professional Discussion will be held between the LDS Nurse and Principal Sergeants to identify assessments that may need to be prioritised.”

    Source location

    Response from Sussex Police
    Page 4 · response
    Published 29 July 2024

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Consider best practice through the Betterment Workstream, including a nationally recognised pre-arrival risk assessment for communicating custody risks.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “The practice of arresting officers risk assessments being formally completed prior to arrival at custody is inconsistent across forces. Best practice is being considered through the NPCC Betterment Workstream to include a nationally recognised pre arrival risk assessment in place to communicate risks and concerns that may have been raised.”

    Source location

    Response from NPCC
    Page 1 · response
    Published 29 July 2024

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Raise NHS Trust information-sharing failures between criminal justice pathways as a detainee welfare concern.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “f) NHS Trust information sharing has also been raised as a concern by the NPCC in that the inability or refusal to share clinical records between criminal justice pathways adds risk to a detainees welfare.”

    Source location

    Response from NPCC
    Page 2 · response
    Published 29 July 2024

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent position was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    The memorandum concerns should be addressed by Midlands Partnership University NHS Foundation Trust, Sussex Police and MITRE.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “Within the Regulation 28 you highlighted four main areas of concern. In my role as NPCC Lead for Custody, I will address the first three points. The fourth relates to a Memorandum of Understanding between Midlands Partnership University NHS Foundation Trust, Sussex Police and MITRE, therefore, these organisations will be best placed to address your concerns. In relation to the areas of concern, please see below:”

    Source location

    Response from NPCC
    Page 1 · response
    Published 29 July 2024

    Open published response
  7. West London

    AI-generated summary

    Denise Jane PORTER · Prevention of Future Deaths report

    This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.

    Report summary

    Denise Jane PORTER died after jumping onto the tracks at Turnham Green Underground Station in front of an oncoming train on 19 February 2023. A prior similar incident had been referred to Oxleas NHS Trust, but the Trust relied on a partial summary and did not make further inquiries into the available police information. The report raised concern that this resulted in missed opportunities to recognise the level of risk and make an appropriate referral or care plan.

    Read the report on judiciary.uk

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Failure to make relevant inquiries when British Transport Police reporting is ambiguous or incomplete

    Wider context from the report

    “The inquest heard the Trust did not interrogate the Safeguarding and Vulnerability Report, prepared by British Transport Police. The Trust Staff relied on the summary of the incident, both at the triage stage and subsequently during the psychiatric reviews. The Trust staff did not contact British Transport Police again to establish any information about the incident (for example the CCTV was not viewed nor a summary of the footage requested, nor were any meetings convened or discussions held between the Trust and British Transport Police). The Trust conducted a review of the care and treatment provided to Mrs Porter. Their Report stated: "Had the referral from BTP to OACMHT included a full account of the circumstances of the incident on 25 January 2023, the OACMHT would have had a fuller understanding of the level of intent exhibited on that occasion, and subsequently risks would have been determined as high, and a more robust plan of care implemented to mitigate against these risks, that would have been immediately shared with her family". It was established at Inquest that had the full details of the incident on 25th January 2023 been understood - ie that Denise intended to take her life and this was only prevented by the slowing and halting of the train - that the psychiatrist would have referred her either to the Intensive Home Treatment Team (with consent) or for a Mental Health Act assessment (if no consent had been forthcoming). The Trust's Report stated: "There were no identified service delivery issues that impacted on the services' ability to offer care and treatment". However, in oral evidence, the Trust's witness agreed this was inaccurate, following reflection upon the missed opportunities of investigating the events of 25th January 2023. The Trust was unable to provide the Inquest with information to satisfy my concern that the Trust has robust systems in place to avoid the risk that staff may rely upon short summaries from British Transport Police, rather than scrutinising all the information contained within a referral and making relevant inquiries if the reporting is ambiguous or incomplete. In this case, the Trust was clearly of the view that the detail was significant but was overly reliant upon partial information which resulted in missed opportunities for appropriate referral. ”

    Source location

    Denise Jane PORTER · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 2 · concerns

    Open source report
  8. Inner North London

    AI-generated summary

    Heather FINDLAY · Prevention of Future Deaths report

    This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.

    Report summary

    Heather Findlay was detained under section 2 of the Mental Health Act at Mile End Hospital and ran away while on escorted leave on 11 June 2020. She was later found by a member of the public in a nearby park; the inquest concluded that she died by suicide, with a medical cause of death of hypoxic ischaemic encephalopathy and ████████ toxicity. The principal concerns included staff preparedness and procedures when a detained patient absconds, unclear responsibilities between ELFT and the police, communication of suicide risk, and the adequacy of risk grading and organisational learning.

    Read the report on judiciary.uk

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Inconsistent terminology and definitions between police and mental-health services

    Wider context from the report

    “5. Evidence was given that the police classify a person at high risk as: the risk is immediate and there are substantial grounds for believing immediate risk of self harm. I was told by the MPS that, at the time of reporting to the MPS, trusts should volunteer their own grading of the patient’s risk. The police said that they will not necessarily following the trust grading, but they regard it as a significant factor and it should form part of the MPS thinking. ELFT witnesses told me that if the police did not ask for the trust’s grading then the trust would not offer it. I was told that, until April 2022 the grab pack prepared by ELFT for the MPS in such a situation was printed out and handed to police if & when the police attended the ward. It is now filled out on a portal as part of the reporting procedure. However, it is not clear to me how far the grab pack aligns with local policies, whether all useful information (including the trust’s grading of risk) is recorded as a matter of routine, and how far the police and the trust are using the same terminology with the same definitions. It seems that this would benefit from consideration. ”

    Source location

    Heather FINDLAY · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 4 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Implement the Right Care, Right Person approach with health partners, aligning policies, terminology and information requirements for risk assessment and police support.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “The Commissioner of the Metropolitan Police, ████████, wrote to Health and Social Care Partners on 24th May 2023, to set out the Met Police’s intention to implement the national Right Care, Right Person approach. Under Assistant Commissioner ████████ a team is now working to put this in place, and an initial senior board has taken place with senior health and social care providers to work towards RCRP implementation. This is also in parallel with the work being done by health care providers on the London mental health concordat. A key aspect of this is working with all of the”

    Source location

    Response from Metropolitan Police
    Page 5 · response
    Published 22 June 2023

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent position was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Many concerns concern East London Foundation Trust and Metropolitan Police policy, making NHS England inappropriate to respond to them.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “The concerns in your Report relate to organisational policy at East London Foundation Trust as well as policy within the Metropolitan Police Service. NHS England is not therefore the appropriate organisation to respond to many of the concerns raised.”

    Source location

    Response from NHS England
    Page 1 · response
    Published 22 June 2023

    Open published response
  9. Essex

    AI-generated summary

    Jayden Andrew Booroff · Prevention of Future Deaths report

    This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.

    Report summary

    Jayden Andrew Booroff died after absconding from The Linden Centre and being struck by a train on 23 October 2020. The report identified concerns about risk assessments, observation levels, ward security, absconsion procedures, record keeping, medication, and communication between healthcare professionals and emergency services.

    Read the report on judiciary.uk

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Miscommunication between mental health, police and other emergency services

    Wider context from the report

    “(3) Miscommunication between: a. Essex Partnership NHS Foundation Trust to emergency services b. Essex Police to Essex Partnership NHS Foundation Trust c. Essex Police to other emergency services In seeking further information, how a risk managed within the confines of a secure mental health ward may change for an escaped patient and whether there is real and immediate risk of serious or fatal harm to self or others, rather than assumptions that language is being used in the same way by different services. ”

    Source location

    Jayden Andrew Booroff · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 2 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Create and disseminate an SBARD aide-mémoire guiding staff escalation to police for patients absent from authorised leave or absconded, including Mental Health Act status and risk information.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “In light of communication with emergency services, in collaboration with the Trust’s Lessons Team, a one-page aide-mémoire was created to support staff to escalate concerns to the police for incidents where a patient does not return from leave or they have absconded from the ward. This guidance provided information regarding the impact factors that should be verbalised to the police when reporting a person missing. This would then enable the police to make an informed decision in relation to their response. This document uses the SBARD communication tool (Situation, Background, Assessment, Recommendation, Decision). This document was shared with operational managers for cascading to front line staff and calls will be audited between EPUT and Essex Police to ascertain the effectiveness of the tool.”

    Source location

    Response from Essex Partnership University
    Page 4 · response
    Published 3 February 2023

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Audit missing-person calls with Essex Police to assess the aide-mémoire’s effectiveness and establish and share further learning.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “In light of communication with emergency services, in collaboration with the Trust’s Lessons Team, a one-page aide-mémoire was created to support staff to escalate concerns to the police for incidents where a patient does not return from leave or they have absconded from the ward. This guidance provided information regarding the impact factors that should be verbalised to the police when reporting a person missing. This would then enable the police to make an informed decision in relation to their response. This document uses the SBARD communication tool (Situation, Background, Assessment, Recommendation, Decision). This document was shared with operational managers for cascading to front line staff and calls will be audited between EPUT and Essex Police to ascertain the effectiveness of the tool.”

    Source location

    Response from Essex Partnership University
    Page 4 · response
    Published 3 February 2023

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Appoint a senior single point of contact and provide a prioritised emergency-services line to appropriate senior and out-of-hours managers.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “Since the incident, the Trust has appointed a single point of contact where emergency services can request to speak the appropriate senior manager managing the incident. The Trust, Essex Police, British Transport Police and EEAST Ambulance Leads are continuing to build good relationships and communication as described below:”

    Source location

    Response from Essex Partnership University
    Page 5 · response
    Published 3 February 2023

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Enable Essex Police to join twice-daily Trust SITREPs with service managers and Matrons to support escalation and communication.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “• The Trust have developed good relationships with the police, who are now able to join the Trust twice daily SITREPS on Microsoft Teams with service managers and Matrons to support escalation and communication. This commenced at the beginning of February 2023.”

    Source location

    Response from Essex Partnership University
    Page 5 · response
    Published 3 February 2023

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Share learning from the patient-safety incident and Prevention of Future Deaths report at the Essex Crisis Concordat and reinforce communication pathways.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “• The Trust co-chairs the Essex Crisis Concordat with Essex Police. British Transport Police and EEAST Ambulance Leads also attend. The next meeting is on 4th April 2023, where learning from this Patient Safety Incident and prevention of Future Deaths report will be shared and communication pathways will be reinforced.”

    Source location

    Response from Essex Partnership University
    Page 5 · response
    Published 3 February 2023

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Progress collaborative implementation of the national framework for adults missing from health and care settings through multi-agency planning and a Task and Finish group.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “b. This team are also working towards the implementation of ‘The multi-agency response for adults missing from health and care settings - A national framework for England’. This is collaborative guidance produced by the Home Office, NPCC, and the Missing Persons charity. The team held a multi-agency collaborative conference in September 2022 with Essex Local Authorities, local Integrated Care Boards, and third sector organisations and achieved buy-in to a Task & Finish group looking at how to roll out this framework in Essex.”

    Source location

    Response from Essex Police
    Page 3 · response
    Published 3 February 2023

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Embed dedicated constable and inspector liaison capacity at the Linden Centre to improve local identification, information sharing, partnership working and strategic oversight.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “10. At a more local level, Essex Police have embedded dedicated police liaison working within the Linden Centre in Chelmsford. This liaison role is resourced by a constable, with an Inspector providing a local strategic overview.”

    Source location

    Response from Essex Police
    Page 4 · response
    Published 3 February 2023

    Open published response
  10. Newcastle upon Tyne and North Tyneside

    AI-generated summary

    Ewan Nathanial Brown · Prevention of Future Deaths report

    This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.

    Report summary

    Ewan Nathanial Brown was found dead on 30 April 2019 after absconding while awaiting mental health assessment, following concerns about his behaviour and mental health. The inquest concluded that he died by accidental drowning while experiencing an unassessed and untreated psychotic illness. Concerns included gaps in police and health-service information sharing, multiagency coordination, mental health training, and family contact during the missing-person search.

    Read the report on judiciary.uk

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Lack of a joint police-health policy for sharing information about vulnerable missing persons with mental health difficulties

    Wider context from the report

    “1. There is no joint policy in place to give guidance to Northumbria Police officers and health professionals in order to enable them to work together and share information about an individual when reported missing, who is classed as vulnerable and is potentially a risk to themselves or others, as a consequence of a mental health difficulty or mental illness. I heard evidence that 30% of missing persons suffer from some form of mental health difficulty. The mental health of a missing person is a crucial aspect of any risk assessment, both in assessing the level of risk they pose to themselves and to others. ”

    Source location

    Ewan Nathanial Brown · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 2 · concerns

    Open source report
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Data last updated 7 September 2026