Recurring concern

Failure to seek medical attention when a person's condition warrants it

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First reported 5 Sep 2013•Latest report 16 Jun 2026

Definition

What this concern includes

Includes failures to recognise the need for and promptly seek medical, paramedic or other appropriate clinical assistance when a person's injury, pain, fall, deterioration or other condition warrants it, including failures in care homes and emergency-response settings.

Not included

  • Excludes delays or failures occurring after medical assistance has already been requested, including ambulance attendance or hospital handover delays.
  • Excludes failures limited to the quality of assessment or treatment after medical assistance has been obtained.
  • Excludes failures to seek advice about routine care arrangements where no immediate or clinically warranted need for medical attention is identified.
  • Excludes generic staffing, training, communication or documentation deficiencies unless they directly result in failure to seek warranted medical attention.
Reports
56

Distinct published reports

Individual concerns
61

A report can raise multiple concerns

Date range
2013–2026

First to latest report issue date

Stated actions
81

Described in published responses

Reports over time

Reports over time

Reports about this concern issued each year.

* 2026 is projected from reports observed to 7 Sep 2026.

Most frequent recipients

Most frequent recipients

Reports about this concern sent to each recipient.

Care Quality Commission9
NHS England4
Department of Health and Social Care3
Recipient name withheld3
National Institute for Health and Care Excellence2
University Hospitals Sussex NHS Foundation Trust2
Abbey Care Village1
Adbolton Hall1
Angel Solutions (UK) Ltd1
Appello Careline Limited1
Association of Ambulance Chief Executives1
Barts Health NHS Trust1
Belle Green Court1
Bury Borough Council1
Care First Class (UK) Limited1

Concerns and responses across reports

Only concerns grouped under this recurring concern are included. Select any concern, action or position to view the source wording.

  1. Lancashire and Blackburn with Darwen

    AI-generated summary

    Margaret Clement · Prevention of Future Deaths report

    This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.

    Report summary

    Margaret Clement, aged 92, died at Royal Blackburn Hospital on 15 June 2022 after developing significant rectal bleeding, vomiting blood and an upper gastrointestinal bleed following hospital admission after a fall. Concerns included inadequate nursing records and handovers, ineffective prioritisation of urgent tasks, failure to seek urgent clinical assistance for significant rectal bleeding, and inadequate assessment of compliance with procedural changes.

    Read the report on judiciary.uk

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Failure to seek urgent clinical assistance for significant per rectum bleeding

    Wider context from the report

    “(5) Nursing staff failed to seek urgent clinical assistance when presented with a significant per rectum bleed ”

    Source location

    Margaret Clement · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 2 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Remove doctors’ task books and route non-urgent requests through Cerner, with urgent concerns verbally escalated to medical staff or the Acute Care Team.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “Firstly, since 21 June 2024, the doctors’ tasks book on Reedyford has been removed. I can confirm that now all doctors’ tasks (non-urgent) are requested via the Whiteboard on Cerner (the Trust’s Clinical Electronic Record system) during core hours. Urgent actions are communicated verbally and escalated directly to medical staff during core hours and to the Acute Care Team out of hours.”

    Source location

    Response from East Lancashire Hospitals
    Page 2 · response
    Published 15 May 2024

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    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Display the ward escalation plan with staged escalation requirements, observation frequencies and staff responsibilities, supported by staff awareness and training.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “Secondly, the SOP091 Pendle Community Hospital Ward Escalation Plan which was referred to at the inquest, includes a nurse escalation process, outlines the Early Warning Score, the frequency of observations and an escalation protocol, and has been printed/laminated and attached to the clinical observation equipment, so it is visibly available on the ward. A hard copy of the SOP is also available on the ward and all staff are aware of the escalation pathway which contains the staged process, outlining what action needs to be taken and by when. I have received assurance from the Ward Manager that all staff are now compliant with the awareness and training of the nurse escalation process on the ward.”

    Source location

    Response from East Lancashire Hospitals
    Page 2 · response
    Published 15 May 2024

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    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Enable nursing staff to accompany doctors on ward rounds and use the daily multidisciplinary meeting to escalate concerns and immediate actions.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “With regards to the above concern, I am aware that nursing staff on the ward relied heavily on the doctor’s task book to escalate to actions. In addition to the removal of the task books, nursing staff now accompany the doctors on their ward rounds and make use of the daily MDT to escalate concerns and immediate actions where necessary.”

    Source location

    Response from East Lancashire Hospitals
    Page 3 · response
    Published 15 May 2024

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    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Arrange simulation-based deterioration training for community-ward staff, including assessment, escalation, handover, documentation and gastrointestinal-bleeding scenarios.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “Firstly, the Trust has arranged simulation training for all staff on the community wards. The staff are presented with a history of the patient and are asked to detail how they would assess that individual; this is repeated a number of times looking at the appropriate and most effective ways to identify any concerns or deteriorations in a patient. The staff are expected to complete full assessments of clinical observations, a physical examination of the patient, discuss handover and who they would escalate to. Detailed documentation is also discussed, including Incident reporting and the importance of accurate timely documentation.”

    Source location

    Response from East Lancashire Hospitals
    Page 4 · response
    Published 15 May 2024

    Open published response
  2. Gloucestershire

    AI-generated summary

    Severine Alexia Kelly · Prevention of Future Deaths report

    This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.

    Report summary

    Severine Alexia Kelly, who was detained under the Mental Health Act and accommodated at Wotton Lawn Hospital, choked on a sandwich provided by hospital staff on 1 October 2022 and died at the hospital. Concerns included out-of-date training for some bank staff, inadequate updating of risk assessments after a previous choking incident, difficulties contacting emergency services, delays in paramedic attendance, uncertainty about when to call an ambulance, and an AED with an apparently non-working internal clock.

    Read the report on judiciary.uk

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Uncertainty about when medical professionals should call the ambulance service

    Wider context from the report

    “There seemed to be uncertainty at which stage of a medical emergency a medical professional should call the ambulance service. ”

    Source location

    Severine Alexia Kelly · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 1 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Review the medical-emergency escalation process and reinforce it through resuscitation training.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “We have reviewed the existing process regarding actions to be taken in the event of a medical emergency and believe that this remains fit for purpose, I have attached a copy of the Escalation Procedure Action Card for your information at Appendix 3. This forms part of the Care of the Deteriorating Patient Policy and will be reinforced at all resuscitation training courses. Local escalation procedures are also included as part of the on-site local induction for new starters, therefore, all staff on site should be familiar with the process. In addition, to ensure that staff have a greater awareness of how to respond to a serious choking episode, we have developed a choking simulation to complement the Resuscitation Action Card 5 – Adult Choking (revised in November 2022) which has been included as part of the Level 3 Resuscitation Training from 1 April 2024.”

    Source location

    Response from Gloucestershire Health and Care NHS Foundation Trust
    Page 3 · response
    Published 23 February 2024

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    Source evidence

    How this respondent position was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    The existing medical-emergency escalation process remains fit for purpose and is reinforced through training and induction.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “We have reviewed the existing process regarding actions to be taken in the event of a medical emergency and believe that this remains fit for purpose, I have attached a copy of the Escalation Procedure Action Card for your information at Appendix 3. This forms part of the Care of the Deteriorating Patient Policy and will be reinforced at all resuscitation training courses. Local escalation procedures are also included as part of the on-site local induction for new starters, therefore, all staff on site should be familiar with the process. In addition, to ensure that staff have a greater awareness of how to respond to a serious choking episode, we have developed a choking simulation to complement the Resuscitation Action Card 5 – Adult Choking (revised in November 2022) which has been included as part of the Level 3 Resuscitation Training from 1 April 2024.”

    Source location

    Response from Gloucestershire Health and Care NHS Foundation Trust
    Page 3 · response
    Published 23 February 2024

    Open published response
  3. Teesside and Hartlepool

    AI-generated summary

    Kate Elizabeth O’Donnell · Prevention of Future Deaths report

    This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.

    Report summary

    Kate Elizabeth O’Donnell underwent surgery on 16 March 2022 and was discharged the following day. She developed sepsis from the surgery, originating in her gut, and died at James Cook University Hospital on 23 March 2022. Principal concerns included inadequate surgical planning, failure to provide appropriate prophylactic antibiotics for the gastrointestinal surgery, insufficient postoperative vigilance and assessment before discharge, incomplete nursing records, and inadequate discharge information.

    Read the report on judiciary.uk

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Failure to respond to reported pain with pain relief or medical escalation

    Wider context from the report

    “9. The nursing team did not respond to repeated statements that Kate was in pain-she was not offered pain relief nor was medical help sought. ”

    Source location

    Kate Elizabeth O’Donnell · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 3 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Mandate pain assessments at every set of physiological observations through the electronic observation system.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “In order to improve the accuracy and effectiveness of the assessments of our patient’s pain scores, these are now undertaken at each set of physiological observations; this”

    Source location

    Response from South Tees Hospitals
    Page 4 · response
    Published 25 January 2024

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    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Incorporate objective pain assessment tools and visual alerts for patients reporting moderate-to-severe pain.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “is mandated as part of the electronic observation system. To enhance this further, work has been undertaken to incorporate a more detailed objective pain assessment in those patients reporting moderate to severe pain with an associated numerical score of >4. In these instances, the Abbey pain chart (measurement of pain in people with dementia who cannot verbalise) and FLACC (Face, Legs, Activity, Cry, Consolability) pain scale will immediately launch with a visual alert. Trust compliance with timely pain assessments and re-assessments are monitored on an ongoing basis by the Deputy Chief Nurse.”

    Source location

    Response from South Tees Hospitals
    Page 5 · response
    Published 25 January 2024

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Monitor compliance with timely pain assessments and reassessments on an ongoing basis.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “is mandated as part of the electronic observation system. To enhance this further, work has been undertaken to incorporate a more detailed objective pain assessment in those patients reporting moderate to severe pain with an associated numerical score of >4. In these instances, the Abbey pain chart (measurement of pain in people with dementia who cannot verbalise) and FLACC (Face, Legs, Activity, Cry, Consolability) pain scale will immediately launch with a visual alert. Trust compliance with timely pain assessments and re-assessments are monitored on an ongoing basis by the Deputy Chief Nurse.”

    Source location

    Response from South Tees Hospitals
    Page 5 · response
    Published 25 January 2024

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    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Implement the Call 4 Concern initiative, enabling patients and families to request Critical Care Outreach review.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “In addition, the Trust is an early adopter of the ‘Call 4 Concern’ initiative which enables patients and their family members to contact the Trust’s Critical Care Outreach team to ask for a review if they are concerned about their own condition or that of their relative. This was implemented in November 2022, and work is ongoing within the Trust to ensure that patients and their families are aware this option is available to them.”

    Source location

    Response from South Tees Hospitals
    Page 5 · response
    Published 25 January 2024

    Open published response
  4. Inner North London

    AI-generated summary

    Sarah CHAPPELL · Prevention of Future Deaths report

    This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.

    Report summary

    Sarah Chappell was transferred to University College London Hospital on 31 May 2023 and died there on 23 June 2023. The report identified concerns about delays in transfer, failure of the appropriate clinical team to take charge, inadequate pain relief and poor communication. It also identified inappropriate management of her nasogastric tube; the inquest concluded that her care was suboptimal and that, if the tube had been managed appropriately, she would have survived this episode.

    Read the report on judiciary.uk

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Failure to escalate unsuccessful nasogastric tube placement to appropriate medical expertise

    Wider context from the report

    “5. The management of the nasogastric tube that was crucial in attempting to avoid a fatal aspiration was inappropriate. The tube in situ that was operating effectively was removed approximately ten days before her death. Her abdomen became extremely distended. A further tube placement was not attempted until the day before she died. When this proved beyond the nurses’ skillset, a doctor was not called to assist until the following afternoon. By then, two experienced doctors were unable to insert a tube and, as they were attending her (with her mother present), their patient suffered a massive aspiration and died shortly afterwards. I was told at inquest that if the nasogastric tube had been passed at an earlier point, this would have been done successfully and the fatal cardiac arrest would have been avoided. ”

    Source location

    Sarah CHAPPELL · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 3 · concerns

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    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Update the nasogastric-tube policy to cover surgical drainage and escalation of difficult or unsuccessful tube placement.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “Ms Chappell was admitted to UCLH with a nasogastric (NG) tube from PRUH on 1st June 2023. The NG tube was removed on 10th June 2023 due to low drainage volume which is appropriate practice. A NG tube can be uncomfortable for patients and prolonged placement can cause inflammation of the oesophagus. We therefore remove them if they are not required. Following a scan on 22nd June there was a request for a new, larger NG to be inserted. Nasogastric tube insertion can be difficult and not predictable as to which in patients such insertion may succeed. However, we recognise there were multiple attempts to insert the larger NG tube and that there were failings in the escalation of a difficult NG tube insertion.”

    Source location

    Response from University College London Hospitals
    Page 6 · response
    Published 19 December 2023

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    Source evidence

    How this respondent position was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    UCLH states the NG tube was removed appropriately because drainage was low, and that subsequent insertion was inherently difficult and unpredictable.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “Ms Chappell was admitted to UCLH with a nasogastric (NG) tube from PRUH on 1st June 2023. The NG tube was removed on 10th June 2023 due to low drainage volume which is appropriate practice. A NG tube can be uncomfortable for patients and prolonged placement can cause inflammation of the oesophagus. We therefore remove them if they are not required. Following a scan on 22nd June there was a request for a new, larger NG to be inserted. Nasogastric tube insertion can be difficult and not predictable as to which in patients such insertion may succeed. However, we recognise there were multiple attempts to insert the larger NG tube and that there were failings in the escalation of a difficult NG tube insertion.”

    Source location

    Response from University College London Hospitals
    Page 6 · response
    Published 19 December 2023

    Open published response
  5. Sefton, St Helens and Knowsley

    AI-generated summary

    Wayne MILNE · Prevention of Future Deaths report

    This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.

    Report summary

    Wayne Milne attended hospital with chest pain on 28 February 2022 but was discharged without required chest-pain assessments and senior review. On 2 March 2022, after reporting further symptoms to his GP practice, he was advised to attend the emergency department, but the nurse did not call 999, escalate to a doctor, or check whether he had obtained urgent care; Wayne was later found deceased at home from haemopericardium due to a dissecting aortic aneurysm. The report identifies concerns about inconsistent procedures for summoning emergency assistance, escalation and follow-up, and awareness of dissecting aortic aneurysm within the practice.

    Read the report on judiciary.uk

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Failure to summon emergency medical assistance when required

    Wider context from the report

    “2. The nurse at the practice told the Inquest, the procedure for practice staff calling 999 (not leaving it to the patient) in the event of a patient with chest pain and other life threatening conditions applied only to reception staff and not to nursing staff. This led to inconsistency and in this case an avoidable delay in summoning urgent medical assistance and needs reviewing/all staff working in/working on behalf of the practice need to be aware of the procedure to be followed, consideration must be given as to whether it is appropriate to have different standards for qualified nursing and administrative/non qualified nursing staff. The awareness of Dissecting Aortic Aneurysm and the rapidity at which the condition can become catastrophic/fatal also needs raising within the practice. The nurse within the practice who spoke with Wayne on the date of his death on behalf of the practice , did not escalate to a doctor, did not call 999, she did not inform the NOK of her concerns, she did not call back to see if Wayne had called for an ambulance/attended hospital and she did not alert the hospital of her suspicions i.e. differential diagnoses including; PE, cardiac related problem or aortic aneurysm. The GP to whom this regulation 28 (Prevention of Future death) report is addressed informed the court (in a witness statement) no action had been taken within the practice since these events. ”

    Source location

    Wayne MILNE · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 2 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Failure to escalate concerning patient presentations to a doctor

    Wider context from the report

    “2. The nurse at the practice told the Inquest, the procedure for practice staff calling 999 (not leaving it to the patient) in the event of a patient with chest pain and other life threatening conditions applied only to reception staff and not to nursing staff. This led to inconsistency and in this case an avoidable delay in summoning urgent medical assistance and needs reviewing/all staff working in/working on behalf of the practice need to be aware of the procedure to be followed, consideration must be given as to whether it is appropriate to have different standards for qualified nursing and administrative/non qualified nursing staff. The awareness of Dissecting Aortic Aneurysm and the rapidity at which the condition can become catastrophic/fatal also needs raising within the practice. The nurse within the practice who spoke with Wayne on the date of his death on behalf of the practice , did not escalate to a doctor, did not call 999, she did not inform the NOK of her concerns, she did not call back to see if Wayne had called for an ambulance/attended hospital and she did not alert the hospital of her suspicions i.e. differential diagnoses including; PE, cardiac related problem or aortic aneurysm. The GP to whom this regulation 28 (Prevention of Future death) report is addressed informed the court (in a witness statement) no action had been taken within the practice since these events. ”

    Source location

    Wayne MILNE · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 2 · concerns

    Open source report
  6. South Yorkshire (Western)

    AI-generated summary

    June Peel · Prevention of Future Deaths report

    This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.

    Report summary

    June Peel, a resident at Belle Green Court Care Home, sustained a displaced distal femur fracture that was not identified or medically assessed promptly. She underwent surgery after admission to hospital and did not recover, dying on a palliative care pathway. The principal concerns were failures to follow her care plan, record and hand over information about her knee injury, and seek timely medical attention.

    Read the report on judiciary.uk

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Failure to recognise when medical attention is required

    Wider context from the report

    “2. There was a failure to recognise that medical attention was required for June from at least 3rd June 2022, notwithstanding all personal care being conducted by the healthcare assistants. ”

    Source location

    June Peel · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 2 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Implement a Referral for Medical Attention policy requiring prompt clinical referral, documented professional guidance, care-plan updates and recorded follow-up.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “Action Taken We have implemented a new policy ‘Referral for Medical Attention’. Staff must not exercise their judgement as to whether urgent referral/ treatment is required or whether assessment can be delayed. The policy requires that”

    Source location

    Response from Belle Green Court Care Home
    Page 10 · response
    Published 4 August 2025

    Open published response
  7. Derby and Derbyshire

    AI-generated summary

    Alice Jean FOX · Prevention of Future Deaths report

    This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.

    Report summary

    Alice Jean FOX, known as Jean, died in hospital on 1 July 2021 from severe infection resulting from bacterial infection of the surgical site following partial hip replacement after a fall. Concerns included her lengthy wait in the discharge lounge and late arrival at rehabilitation, which meant usual admission assessments were not completed, and delays in reviewing blood results and referring her back to hospital despite signs of infection.

    Read the report on judiciary.uk

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Failure to respond appropriately to suspected infection when NEWS scores are low

    Wider context from the report

    “2. Jean had signs of infection to the surgical site on arrival at the rehabilitation hospital and should have had more robust clinical review but confirmation of infection and referral back to the general hospital did not occur until her blood results were reviewed 3 days later. There had been opportunity to expedite the blood results. On the evidence at inquest there is reason to think that the rehabilitation staff were falsely reassured by a low NEWS score whereas there was suspected infection that could have been confirmed earlier. ”

    Source location

    Alice Jean FOX · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 2 · concerns

    Open source report
  8. Surrey

    AI-generated summary

    Louis James Rogers · Prevention of Future Deaths report

    This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.

    Report summary

    Louis James Rogers died after being found unresponsive at home following a period of clinical illness and was pronounced dead on 18 June 2021 despite resuscitation attempts. Autopsy identified a viral infection, and genetic studies confirmed Dravet’s Syndrome. The report raised concerns about the management and investigation of febrile seizures, information provided to parents, paramedic and general practice guidance, and the lack of a coordinated febrile seizure pathway.

    Read the report on judiciary.uk

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Failure to follow escalation guidance for complex febrile seizures

    Wider context from the report

    “3. Improvement to and highlighting of the JRCALC guidelines for paramedic management of seizures in children JRCALC guidelines indicated paramedics should have conveyed Louis to hospital or contacted the GP and/or Out of Hours GP service following Louis’s second seizure on 11th February 2020, as the close proximity of two seizures indicated it was a ‘complex febrile seizure’ rather than a febrile seizure. This led to a lost opportunity to expeditiously trigger further investigation and/or a referral to either the ‘first seizure’ service or to a specialist paediatrician for further assessment and management. Evidence was heard that improving and highlighting JRCALC guidelines with additional teaching would prevent this happening again. ”

    Source location

    Louis James Rogers · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 4 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Review the JRCALC guidance on convulsions in children.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “I can confirm that I have liaised with the Chair of the JRCALC committee and that a review of the convulsions in children guidance has been undertaken. The JRCALC guidelines are used regularly by ambulance clinicians in everyday practice. Having reviewed our guideline we agree that if our guideline had been followed, Louis should have either been conveyed to hospital on 11th February 2021 when he had a second seizure that day or he should have been referred to a GP.”

    Source location

    Response from Association of Ambulance
    Page 1 · response
    Published 31 March 2023

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Continue reviewing the convulsions guidance through regular clinical-guideline review activity.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “In summary, having reviewed our guidance related to convulsions in children, we do not believe that it needs improving at present. We will review it as part of our ongoing work to ensure that all our clinical guidelines are reviewed on a regular basis and kept as up to date as possible with any new clinical evidence that we become aware of.”

    Source location

    Response from Association of Ambulance
    Page 2 · response
    Published 31 March 2023

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    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Inform ambulance-service medical directors and lead paramedics about the death and ask them to review relevant JRCALC guidance and local pathways.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “We have taken an action to make all the medical directors and lead paramedics of UK ambulance services aware of the circumstances of Louis’ death and have asked them to review the JRCALC guidance and any local pathways or guidance in relation to decisions around conveying children after seizures. We have also reminded ambulance trusts of a best practice guidance document that was written, approved and disseminated by NASMeD to ambulance trusts in July 2021: “Conveyance of children by operational ambulance clinicians in face-to-face settings” (attached). This was developed as a result of a Health Services Investigation Branch (HSIB) recommendation issued to us in June 2019 in relation to a case of an undetected button and coin cell battery ingestion in a child.”

    Source location

    Response from Association of Ambulance
    Page 2 · response
    Published 31 March 2023

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Remind ambulance trusts about best-practice guidance on conveying children in face-to-face operational ambulance care.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “We have taken an action to make all the medical directors and lead paramedics of UK ambulance services aware of the circumstances of Louis’ death and have asked them to review the JRCALC guidance and any local pathways or guidance in relation to decisions around conveying children after seizures. We have also reminded ambulance trusts of a best practice guidance document that was written, approved and disseminated by NASMeD to ambulance trusts in July 2021: “Conveyance of children by operational ambulance clinicians in face-to-face settings” (attached). This was developed as a result of a Health Services Investigation Branch (HSIB) recommendation issued to us in June 2019 in relation to a case of an undetected button and coin cell battery ingestion in a child.”

    Source location

    Response from Association of Ambulance
    Page 2 · response
    Published 31 March 2023

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Ask colleagues from seven NHS regions to share learning and available guidance with Integrated Care Boards for cascading to relevant healthcare professionals.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “As a result of your Report, we will also be asking colleagues from each of the seven NHS regions to share the learnings from this matter and the guidance available with their Integrated Care Boards for cascading to relevant healthcare professionals.”

    Source location

    Response from NHS England
    Page 3 · response
    Published 31 March 2023

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent position was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    The convulsions-in-children guideline does not need improvement at present, subject to routine review and updating when new clinical evidence emerges.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “In summary, having reviewed our guidance related to convulsions in children, we do not believe that it needs improving at present. We will review it as part of our ongoing work to ensure that all our clinical guidelines are reviewed on a regular basis and kept as up to date as possible with any new clinical evidence that we become aware of.”

    Source location

    Response from Association of Ambulance
    Page 2 · response
    Published 31 March 2023

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent position was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    AACE is the appropriate organisation to decide whether JRCALC guidelines for paramedic seizure management require updates.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “Regarding any updates to be made to JRCALC guidelines for paramedic management of seizures in children, I have been sighted on the response to your Report from the”

    Source location

    Response from NHS England
    Page 3 · response
    Published 31 March 2023

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent position was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    RCEM will not lead development of further guidance because the project would be a significant undertaking, but can contribute with other organisations.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “RCEM would be happy to work with NHS England / National Institute for Healthcare Excellence, Royal Colleges and other interested parties to help develop further evidence based or consensus guidance in this complex area of clinical practice. We are mindful that this would be a significant undertaking and that it would therefore not be appropriate for RCEM to take the lead on such a project.”

    Source location

    Response from Emergency Care Committee
    Page 1 · response
    Published 31 March 2023

    Open published response
  9. Worcestershire

    AI-generated summary

    Mr Peter Antony Joseph Pearson · Prevention of Future Deaths report

    This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.

    Report summary

    Mr Peter Antony Joseph Pearson died at Worcester Royal Hospital on 6 December 2021 from aspiration pneumonia, which was in all probability acquired while he was resident at Corbett House Nursing Home. Concerns included a delay in calling an ambulance despite his critical condition, incomplete nursing and medication records, failures in oral-cavity checks, shortcomings in management oversight, and an ineffective investigation into his death.

    Read the report on judiciary.uk

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Delays in calling an ambulance when a resident’s condition requires emergency assistance

    Wider context from the report

    “(1) Mr Pearson’s condition on 5 December 2021 was such that his daughter asked the agency nurse on duty for an ambulance to be called at 12.30 pm. None was called until 6.10 pm. The nurse did not complete the nursing notes for the day from 5am onwards so there is no written record of Mr Pearson’s medical condition that day. Mr Pearson was found by paramedics alone in his room in a critical state. The staff on duty knew very little about him or his condition. No record of medications dispensed to Mr Pearson that day has been lost or is missing. He was found with medication in his mouth by paramedics. No records were kept of the checks of his oral cavity that were required to be undertaken twice a day. The Agency nurse has not been traced by the Home. The inquest found as a fact that the failure to call an ambulance earlier amounted to a missed opportunity. ”

    Source location

    Mr Peter Antony Joseph Pearson · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 1 · concerns

    Open source report
  10. Sefton St Helens & Knowsley

    AI-generated summary

    Joan RICHARDSON · Prevention of Future Deaths report

    This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.

    Report summary

    Joan RICHARDSON, a frail 98-year-old woman living in supported accommodation, became increasingly unwell at home and was admitted to hospital on 4 May 2020. She had pneumonia, a fractured neck of femur and grade 4 sacral pressure wounds, and died in hospital on 18 May 2020. Concerns included failures to escalate her deterioration and pain, incomplete care planning and risk assessments, inadequate pressure-area care and documentation, and inadequate staff training and escalation procedures.

    Read the report on judiciary.uk

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Failure to escalate patients’ deterioration and pain

    Wider context from the report

    “(brief summary of matters of concern) Joan had only started to receive care at home four times per day from lunch time of 29/04/2020, however when Joan failed to get up from her bed, refused food and fluids, complained of pain and generally started to deteriorate;- 1. The matter of Joan’s general deterioration was not escalated as it should have been to her GP/District Nurse/Commissioning Social Services etc. 2. When Joan complained of pain -the matter was not escalated as it should have been. 3. There was no comprehensive plan of care, risk assessment, pressure area care plan/risk assessment, falls assessment and care plan put in place following assessment by Litch care services. The manager/proprietor ████████ Registered manager informed the court they were still in the process of doing risk assessment/s etc because Joan was only receiving their care for 4.5 days before she was admitted to hospital. 4. Joan was admitted to hospital with Grade 4 pressure ulcers/tissue injuries to her sacrum, but because Joan had refused much of the personal care offered to her and she had remained largely immobile in bed the pressure sores/tissue injuries were not documented, assessed or managed as they should have been nor was the tissue viability nurse, GP, District nurse or social care team informed to enable them to commence/prescribe appropriate treatment. 5. There were no records/daily log making any mention of skin integrity/breakdown even though Joan was in bed, frail, immobile and incontinent in addition to which because Joan was refusing care her incontinence pad were not being changed regularly. 6. Training/education, support & supervision of care staff including the provision of clear escalation procedures was inadequate. Noting care staff attended upon Joan regularly as required. ”

    Source location

    Joan RICHARDSON · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 2 · concerns

    Open source report
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Data last updated 7 September 2026