Recurring concern

Unreliable patient observation arrangements

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First reported 28 Mar 2013•Latest report 24 Jun 2026

Definition

What this concern includes

Includes observation-level assessment, observation policies and support plans, staff allocation and reliable delivery of required intermittent or enhanced patient observations.

Not included

  • Condition-specific physiological or neurological monitoring
  • Management auditing of observations where frontline observation arrangements are otherwise reliable
  • Continuous eyesight or one-to-one observation where that dedicated control supplies a narrower parent
Reports
139

Distinct published reports

Individual concerns
174

A report can raise multiple concerns

Date range
2013–2026

First to latest report issue date

Stated actions
328

Described in published responses

Reports over time

Reports over time

Reports about this concern issued each year.

* 2026 is projected from reports observed to 7 Sep 2026.

Most frequent recipients

Most frequent recipients

Reports about this concern sent to each recipient.

Care Quality Commission11
Department of Health and Social Care11
Essex Partnership University NHS Foundation Trust7
NHS England7
Sussex Partnership NHS Foundation Trust5
Devon Partnership NHS Trust4
East London NHS Foundation Trust4
HM Prison and Probation Service4
Greater Manchester Mental Health NHS Foundation Trust3
North London NHS Foundation Trust3
The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, King's Lynn3
University Hospitals Sussex NHS Foundation Trust3
Avon and Wiltshire Mental Health Partnership NHS Trust2
Central and North West London NHS Foundation Trust2
County Durham and Darlington NHS Foundation Trust2

Concerns and responses across reports

Only concerns grouped under this recurring concern are included. Select any concern, action or position to view the source wording.

  1. Teesside

    AI-generated summary

    Andrew Ronald Hall · Prevention of Future Deaths report

    This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.

    Report summary

    Andrew Ronald Hall, an inmate at HM Holme House Prison, died on 27 March 2009 after causing incised wounds to his neck in a healthcare unit cell. The concerns included inadequate communication and documentation about his mental health and self-harm risk, failures in medication administration and observation, and deficiencies in CCTV quality, monitoring and staff arrangements.

    Read the report on judiciary.uk

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Inadequate observation of patients in the healthcare unit

    Wider context from the report

    “9. The deceased was not adequately observed between 6.30pm and 7.30pm on 27 March 2009. (Healthcare staff/Prison discipline officers) ”

    Source location

    Andrew Ronald Hall · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 1 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Remove CCTV cameras from healthcare-unit cells and use constant-observation cells with constant supervision for prisoners requiring high observation.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “You raise a number of concerns about the effectiveness of the arrangements to observe prisoners in cells in the healthcare unit using CCTV (points 9-12, 15 and 16). Cameras have been removed from all cells and any prisoner assessed as requiring high levels of observation is located in a constant observation cell and subject to constant supervision in accordance with the arrangements set out in chapter 6 of PSI 64/2011.”

    Source location

    2014-0122-Response-by-NOMS
    Page 1 · response
    Published 12 March 2014

    Open published response
  2. West Sussex

    AI-generated summary

    Natasha Raghoo · Prevention of Future Deaths report

    This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.

    Report summary

    Natasha Raghoo was admitted to The Dene Hospital in April 2012 for treatment related to bipolar disorder and was later detained under section 2 of the Mental Health Act. She was found unresponsive in bed on 5 May 2012 and died from anaphylactic shock caused by an unknown allergen. Concerns included inconsistent physical observations, lack of ECG assessment, staff training in resuscitation and defibrillator use, and communication and handover problems.

    Read the report on judiciary.uk

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Sporadic and insufficient physical observations

    Wider context from the report

    “2. Physical observations of blood pressure, pulse and temperature were sporadic and few in number. This was cause for concern as Natasha had a raised blood pressure and had been commenced on treatment, Observations stopped two days prior to death and no member of staff was able to explain who was responsible for this action. ”

    Source location

    Natasha Raghoo · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 2 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Unclear responsibility for stopping physical observations

    Wider context from the report

    “2. Physical observations of blood pressure, pulse and temperature were sporadic and few in number. This was cause for concern as Natasha had a raised blood pressure and had been commenced on treatment, Observations stopped two days prior to death and no member of staff was able to explain who was responsible for this action. ”

    Source location

    Natasha Raghoo · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 2 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Unclear policy on the duration of patient observations

    Wider context from the report

    “9. The policy on length of time staff are expected to conduct observations, and the quality of handover from one member of staff to another. ”

    Source location

    Natasha Raghoo · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 2 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Introduce enhanced physical-health monitoring, including daily morning observations for every patient by a trained nurse.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “Lessons Learned and changes made”

    Source location

    2014-0100-Response-by-Partnership-in-Care
    Page 3 · response
    Published 6 March 2014

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Introduce a company-wide electronic dashboard to support completion of regular physical-health screening.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “We have also introduced an electronic ‘dashboard’ across PiC. This tool provides staff with up to date information to ensure that regular physical health screening requirements are undertaken.”

    Source location

    2014-0100-Response-by-Partnership-in-Care
    Page 3 · response
    Published 6 March 2014

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Review, revise and reissue the observation policy, brief relevant staff, obtain responsibility acknowledgements, and audit implementation with spot checks.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “Lessons Learned and changes made”

    Source location

    2014-0100-Response-by-Partnership-in-Care
    Page 6 · response
    Published 6 March 2014

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent position was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Blood-pressure observations were neither sporadic nor few, and the available evidence indicates they continued during the final two days.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “Evidence was provided that the patient had 17 blood pressure readings taken over 5 consecutive days in the week prior to her death; we do not agree that this was sporadic or few in number, and as far as I’m aware, there has been no medical evidence criticising this.”

    Source location

    2014-0100-Response-by-Partnership-in-Care
    Page 2 · response
    Published 6 March 2014

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent position was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Any enhanced physical observations or ECG testing was expected to be ordered by the visiting GP or responsible Consultant Psychiatrist.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “However, as you will appreciate, the Dene is a psychiatric unit and PiC complies with The Maudsley Guidelines for such matters as ECG usage. The Maudsley Guidelines in place at the time of the death (the 10th edition) do not recommend that routine ECGs be carried out for every patient. We would expect that if there were any enhanced needs for physical observations or tests of this sort, these would be ordered by either the visiting GP or the Consultant Psychiatrist responsible for the patient's care.”

    Source location

    2014-0100-Response-by-Partnership-in-Care
    Page 3 · response
    Published 6 March 2014

    Open published response
  3. London (West)

    AI-generated summary

    Neil James Carter · Prevention of Future Deaths report

    This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.

    Report summary

    Neil James Carter took his own life on 20 November 2012 by jumping in front of a train while he was an inpatient at Priory Hospital Roehampton. The report identified repeated failures to perform basic nursing observations, inadequate staffing and skill mix, poor ward layout and discipline, management failures, and deliberate falsification of the nursing record. The inquest concluded that these failures led to missed opportunities to realise he was missing, search for him early, and offer life-saving interventions.

    Read the report on judiciary.uk

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Failure to perform basic nursing observations

    Wider context from the report

    “(1) There were repeated failures to perform basic nursing observations ”

    Source location

    Neil James Carter · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 1 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Conduct an unannounced follow-up inspection assessing emergency procedures, observation policies, staff training and completion of earlier compliance actions.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “2. 24 October 2013: The Commission undertook a joint unannounced inspection in direct response to information that was received following a death of a patient at the hospital in September 2013. The inspection was conducted by compliance inspectors and a Mental Health Act Commissioner. The inspection focussed on outcome areas that related to some of the concerns raised including emergency procedures, observation policies and staff training and also assessed whether the actions required to achieve compliance with Outcomes 1 and 10, following the inspection on 25 June and 3 July 2013, had been completed. The Priory Hospital Roehampton was found to be compliant with all outcomes that were assessed. We set out a summary of those findings below:”

    Source location

    2014-0103-Response-by-Care-Quality-Commission
    Page 5 · response
    Published 5 March 2014

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Assess observation training and continue monitoring observation information and policy implementation to inform future inspections.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “One of the steps that the Commission has undertaken in response to this has been to consider observation training as part of the follow-up inspection of staffing standards on 12 March 2014. The inspection on 12 March comprised a joint unannounced inspection comprising a compliance inspector, a Mental Health Act Commissioner and a pharmacy inspector. The inspection on 12 March focused on assessment against outcomes 9 (Medicines Management) and 13 (Staffing) to consider whether the compliance actions that were required following the inspections on 25 June and 3 July 2013 had been satisfactorily completed. During the inspection of 14 March the Commission found training on how to carry out”

    Source location

    2014-0103-Response-by-Care-Quality-Commission
    Page 6 · response
    Published 5 March 2014

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Undertake an unannounced inspection within four months covering reported concerns, additional regulatory concerns and new intelligence, coordinated with Mental Health Act monitoring.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “The Commission plans to undertake the next inspection visit of The Priory Hospital Roehampton within the next four months. The precise date of the inspection has not been set and it is to be unannounced. It is also intended that that visit would consider not only the specific areas of concern highlighted in this report but also those highlighted in a separate Regulation 28 report that was addressed to the Commission following the inquest into the death of another service user at The Priory Hospital Roehampton. That visit would also take account of any further intelligence that is gathered or brought to the Commission’s attention before that inspection. The planning of that inspection is also being coordinated with the Mental Health Act Commissioners’ monitoring of the provider for the same purposes.”

    Source location

    2014-0103-Response-by-Care-Quality-Commission
    Page 8 · response
    Published 5 March 2014

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Change the Roehampton staff induction programme to improve compliance with patient observations.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “We recognise, however, that we should strive to improve compliance with observations and the documentation of those observations in accordance with the risk assessments undertaken. In respect of staff carrying out patient observations, I am informed that these improvements have included changes to the staff induction programme at Roehampton and better registration and monitoring of patients at ward therapy groups. There has also been a review of the overarching Priory Group Healthcare Division Observation and Engagement Policy.”

    Source location

    2014-0103-Response-by-Priory-Group
    Page 1 · response
    Published 5 March 2014

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Review the Priory Healthcare Division Observation and Engagement Policy.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “We recognise, however, that we should strive to improve compliance with observations and the documentation of those observations in accordance with the risk assessments undertaken. In respect of staff carrying out patient observations, I am informed that these improvements have included changes to the staff induction programme at Roehampton and better registration and monitoring of patients at ward therapy groups. There has also been a review of the overarching Priory Group Healthcare Division Observation and Engagement Policy.”

    Source location

    2014-0103-Response-by-Priory-Group
    Page 1 · response
    Published 5 March 2014

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Conduct weekly four-week-cycle Quality Walk Rounds, including checks of patient observations and care plans, with results reviewed through clinical governance.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “To support compliance, standards across Roehampton Hospital are also monitored internally through the use of Healthcare Division ‘Quality Walk Rounds’ which are undertaken on a weekly basis and operate to a set four-week rolling programme of monitoring. For example, week one involves an assessment of the environment and week two involves an assessment of patient care which includes a review of the completion of patient observations and care plans.”

    Source location

    2014-0103-Response-by-Priory-Group
    Page 2 · response
    Published 5 March 2014

    Open published response
  4. Manchester South

    AI-generated summary

    Barbara White · Prevention of Future Deaths report

    This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.

    Report summary

    Barbara White presented to Tameside Hospital with symptoms consistent with biliary colic, deteriorated after 9 December 2012, and died on 2 January 2013 despite intensive care intervention. Concerns included a 12-hour lack of clinical and nursing observations, an incorrectly recorded PARS score, staff shortages and inadequate escalation, and insufficient handover information about outstanding investigations.

    Read the report on judiciary.uk

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Failure to carry out required clinical and nursing observations

    Wider context from the report

    “1. There was a lack of clinical observations for a period of 12 hours on the 9th December. In addition no nursing observations were carried out during this period of time. ”

    Source location

    Barbara White · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 1 · concerns

    Open source report
  5. Berkshire

    AI-generated summary

    Edna Elsie Mary Eden · Prevention of Future Deaths report

    This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.

    Report summary

    Edna Elsie Mary Eden, who had been living independently, was admitted to hospital after feeling unwell and reporting recent right-sided chest pain. She remained in A&E and the AMU for approximately fourteen and a half hours before being seen by a doctor, then arrested and could not be revived. The report identified missed opportunities involving delayed medical review, failure to recognise or escalate abnormal findings, inadequate communication, incorrect observation scoring, and lack of antibiotic cover.

    Read the report on judiciary.uk

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Insufficient frequency of nursing observations for uncleared patients

    Wider context from the report

    “(2) The nursing observation chart suggested infrequent observations for a patient who had not yet been clerked by a Doctor. The EDD score was wrongly calculated which meant an escalation of Doctor review was not carried out. ”

    Source location

    Edna Elsie Mary Eden · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 2 · concerns

    Open source report
  6. Teesside

    AI-generated summary

    STUART ARRON COLLINS · Prevention of Future Deaths report

    This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.

    Report summary

    Stuart Arron Collins was taken to hospital while intoxicated and fully conscious, but was discharged several hours later with a reduced level of consciousness. After arriving at an address, he became unconscious and suffered cardiorespiratory arrest before being returned to hospital, where he died later that day. Concerns included uncertainty about his assessment on arrival, the absence of required hourly nursing observations, incomplete nursing records, and the possible accessibility of alcohol hand sanitiser gel.

    Read the report on judiciary.uk

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Failure to take hourly nursing observations in A&E

    Wider context from the report

    “2. It was stated that Mr Collins should have had hourly nursing observations taken during his first admission to A&E on 9.10.12, ie between 00.45 and his discharge at 04.30, but none were taken. ”

    Source location

    STUART ARRON COLLINS · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 2 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Remind nursing staff to complete and accurately record patient observations.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “4. Evidence given that the nursing notes in A&E were not fully completed and were at times not completed. The recording of Mr Collins’ observations was not always adequate. The Trust has reviewed the relevant documentation and identified that the observation records had not been completed appropriately. Following this review and the feedback from the management team, the nursing staff were reminded of the importance of complete and accurate recording of observations.”

    Source location

    2013-0300-Response-by-South-Tees-Hospitals-NHS-Foundation-Trust
    Page 2 · response
    Published 27 December 2013

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent position was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Trust policy considered the Early Warning Score insufficient to require medical review, so observation levels and frequency were managed under existing arrangements.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “2. The Trust’s first admission to A&E on 1.01.12, between 00:44 and his discharge at 04:30 was as the ACE record suggested. The Trust’s Policy C316 Recommendation and Response to Acute Illness in Adult Hospital Patients set out standards for the assessment of acutely ill patients. Early Warning Score was calculated as 2 on admission and according to Trust policy this would not constitute an indication for a medical review. Level of observation and frequency of observations was therefore managed in accordance with current Trust policy and indeed would not have required a doctor to review.”

    Source location

    2013-0300-Response-by-South-Tees-Hospitals-NHS-Foundation-Trust
    Page 1 · response
    Published 27 December 2013

    Open published response
  7. Blackpool and the Fylde

    AI-generated summary

    Ethel Cross · Prevention of Future Deaths report

    This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.

    Report summary

    Ethel Cross, who had a history of falls, fell on ward 4 at Clifton Hospital when a wheeled chair slipped, suffering a fractured neck of femur, and died the following day. Concerns were raised about wheeled chairs being accessible to elderly patients at risk of falls and the lack of an available alarm to alert staff when a high-risk patient mobilised unsupported.

    Read the report on judiciary.uk

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Unavailability of alarms for high-risk patients requiring monitoring during mobilisation

    Wider context from the report

    “During the course of the evidence I heard that although at high risk of falls, and someone who would need one to one assistance from staff when mobilising, Ethel Cross was not provided with an alarm that in the event of her moving when staff are not nearby could alert members of the medical staff to such movement allowing the staff to attend to her. All such alarms on the ward were in use and such alarms are rarely not deployed. ”

    Source location

    Ethel Cross · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 2 · concerns

    Open source report
  8. West Sussex

    AI-generated summary

    Mr Walker · Prevention of Future Deaths report

    This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.

    Report summary

    Mr Walker, who had depression, suicidal ideation and a history of impulsive self-harm attempts, died after leaving the hospital ward and hanging himself in nearby woodland. Concerns included insufficient risk care planning, unexplained reductions in observation levels, the time taken to declare him missing and inform police, and the scalability of the ward’s external fences.

    Read the report on judiciary.uk

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Failure to document the rationale and risk factors underlying changes in observation levels

    Wider context from the report

    “(2) There was no clear rationale provided for changes in observation levels in the notes or any explanation given in writing as to the considerations or risk factors taken into account. Whilst accepted that these matters may have been discussed, written evidence would have provided clarity and a point of reference for further assessment in light of any change in presentation or condition. The fact that observation levels only decreased (despite evidence heard at the inquest that Mr Walker was expressing ever darker and suicidal thoughts in the week before his death), without explanation, remains of concern. ”

    Source location

    Mr Walker · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 2 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Failure to align observation levels with changing suicidal risk

    Wider context from the report

    “(2) There was no clear rationale provided for changes in observation levels in the notes or any explanation given in writing as to the considerations or risk factors taken into account. Whilst accepted that these matters may have been discussed, written evidence would have provided clarity and a point of reference for further assessment in light of any change in presentation or condition. The fact that observation levels only decreased (despite evidence heard at the inquest that Mr Walker was expressing ever darker and suicidal thoughts in the week before his death), without explanation, remains of concern. ”

    Source location

    Mr Walker · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 2 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Provide staff training on consistently documenting the rationale for changes in observation levels.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “2. Documented rationale for the observation level We acknowledge that the rationale for changing the level of observation was not documented. The expectation is that this must be written down and this is what is stated in the policy. This is very important and our Nurse Consultant has provided training to staff to help ensure this happens more consistently.”

    Source location

    2013-0213-Response-by-Sussex-Partnership-NHS-Foundation-Trust
    Page 2 · response
    Published 21 August 2013

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent position was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Observation rationale need not be recorded when levels remain unchanged unless clinical staff identify a significant risk change.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “The point you make about the absence of documented rationale when observation levels do not change is a slightly different issue. Firstly, the use of observation to provide support and to manage risk is something clinicians consider constantly, and so we would not always expect the rationale to be recorded during periods when the level remains the same. This would only be necessary when there is a significant change in risk, as determined by clinical staff.”

    Source location

    2013-0213-Response-by-Sussex-Partnership-NHS-Foundation-Trust
    Page 2 · response
    Published 21 August 2013

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent position was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Clinicians did not consider a different observation level clinically indicated based on information available at the time.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “Reflecting on the information available to them at the time, the clinicians involved do not believe a different level of observation was clinically indicated.”

    Source location

    2013-0213-Response-by-Sussex-Partnership-NHS-Foundation-Trust
    Page 2 · response
    Published 21 August 2013

    Open published response
  9. Norfolk

    AI-generated summary

    SEBASTIAN VAUGHAN DAVIES · Prevention of Future Deaths report

    This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.

    Report summary

    Sebastian Vaughan Davies was a detained patient at the Norvic Clinic who became unresponsive after returning from unescorted leave and later died in hospital. The concerns related to whether hourly night-time observations adequately identified patients who had remained immobile or provided continuity between staff carrying out observations.

    Read the report on judiciary.uk

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Failure to check whether patients have moved or remained immobile for an extended period during hourly observations

    Wider context from the report

    “Evidence was given at the Inquest that there was a system of hourly observation checks on patients in their rooms during the course of a night shift. These consisted of shining a torch through the window in the door to the room and looking and listening for signs of breathing. However it was not routinely part of such observations to check whether the patient had moved or appeared to have remained immobile for an extended period unless there was a particular concern which there was not in Sebastian’s case. The observations were done in pairs and shared between the staff nurse on duty and the three support staff. However the same individuals did not carry out all the observations on any particular patient. There was therefore a lack of continuity. It was confirmed it was possible for a patient to be breathing but unconscious. Sebastian was heard to be snoring. Sebastian when found to be unresponsive at around 08:30 hours had a crush injury to his right arm. It was therefore apparent that he had been lying immobile on his arm for some extended period of time. Notwithstanding the Jury’s conclusion that the procedures at the Norvic Clinic could not have prevented Sebastian’s death I am nevertheless concerned that a failure to specifically check whether a patient has moved or rather remained immobile for an extended period on hourly observations (thereby indicating that perhaps they may have fallen unconscious) could in the future give rise to a preventable death and therefore there is a risk of future deaths occurring and that therefore a review may need to be undertaken of the procedure for night time hourly observations to specifically include whether a patient has moved or remained immobile for an extended period and whether a system can be devised to give better continuity of those undertaking observations of individual patients. ”

    Source location

    SEBASTIAN VAUGHAN DAVIES · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 2 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Lack of continuity among staff undertaking observations of individual patients

    Wider context from the report

    “Evidence was given at the Inquest that there was a system of hourly observation checks on patients in their rooms during the course of a night shift. These consisted of shining a torch through the window in the door to the room and looking and listening for signs of breathing. However it was not routinely part of such observations to check whether the patient had moved or appeared to have remained immobile for an extended period unless there was a particular concern which there was not in Sebastian’s case. The observations were done in pairs and shared between the staff nurse on duty and the three support staff. However the same individuals did not carry out all the observations on any particular patient. There was therefore a lack of continuity. It was confirmed it was possible for a patient to be breathing but unconscious. Sebastian was heard to be snoring. Sebastian when found to be unresponsive at around 08:30 hours had a crush injury to his right arm. It was therefore apparent that he had been lying immobile on his arm for some extended period of time. Notwithstanding the Jury’s conclusion that the procedures at the Norvic Clinic could not have prevented Sebastian’s death I am nevertheless concerned that a failure to specifically check whether a patient has moved or rather remained immobile for an extended period on hourly observations (thereby indicating that perhaps they may have fallen unconscious) could in the future give rise to a preventable death and therefore there is a risk of future deaths occurring and that therefore a review may need to be undertaken of the procedure for night time hourly observations to specifically include whether a patient has moved or remained immobile for an extended period and whether a system can be devised to give better continuity of those undertaking observations of individual patients. ”

    Source location

    SEBASTIAN VAUGHAN DAVIES · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 2 · concerns

    Open source report
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Data last updated 7 September 2026