Recurring concern

Failure to reliably recognise and respond to acute clinical deterioration

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First reported 24 Sep 2013•Latest report 24 Jun 2026

Definition

What this concern includes

Includes failures to recognise, monitor, escalate, obtain clinical review for or respond to acute physical deterioration when the deterioration hazard itself is directly asserted.

Not included

  • Excludes generic communication, staffing, training or senior-oversight failures not directly tied to an identified deterioration episode or control.
  • Excludes deterioration in mental health, and condition-specific systems that do not establish a wider acute-deterioration failure.
Reports
103

Distinct published reports

Individual concerns
127

A report can raise multiple concerns

Date range
2013–2026

First to latest report issue date

Stated actions
169

Described in published responses

Reports over time

Reports over time

Reports about this concern issued each year.

* 2026 is projected from reports observed to 7 Sep 2026.

Most frequent recipients

Most frequent recipients

Reports about this concern sent to each recipient.

Department of Health and Social Care14
NHS England10
Care Quality Commission6
University Hospitals Sussex NHS Foundation Trust6
National Institute for Health and Care Excellence4
Nottinghamshire Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust4
Recipient name withheld3
Royal Sussex County Hospital3
Barts Health NHS Trust2
College of Policing2
Doncaster and Bassetlaw Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust2
Lewisham and Greenwich NHS Trust2
Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust2
Medway NHS Foundation Trust2
Metropolitan Police Service2

Concerns and responses across reports

Only concerns grouped under this recurring concern are included. Select any concern, action or position to view the source wording.

  1. Essex

    AI-generated summary

    Chloe HUNT · Prevention of Future Deaths report

    This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.

    Report summary

    Chloe Hunt died in hospital on 15 March 2022 after swallowing pens that caused gastrointestinal obstruction and a fatal cardiac arrhythmia secondary to metabolic derangement. The concerns included insufficient consideration of her trauma-related difficulties in hospital, delays and inadequate planning for removal of the pens, and failure to recognise and respond to her deteriorating clinical condition.

    Read the report on judiciary.uk

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Failure to recognise deteriorating clinical condition

    Wider context from the report

    “c. There was a lack of urgency in treating Chloe and lack of recognition of her deteriorating clinical condition. ”

    Source location

    Chloe HUNT · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 2 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Failure to recognise changing oxygen requirements and heart rate as signs of deterioration

    Wider context from the report

    “e. In the hours before Chloe’s death, she required oxygen for the first-time that was administered for approximately 75 minutes and Chloe’s heart rate reduced to normal for several hours for the first time in her admission. This reduction was not sustained, and her heart rated elevated later. These changes were not recognised as signs Chloe was a deteriorating patient. ”

    Source location

    Chloe HUNT · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 3 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Discuss the case with ward and governance staff to promote recognition of underlying causes of abnormalities in apparently stable patients.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “Chloe’s case has been discussed with staff members, through the daily ward huddle and the Two at the Top meeting (outlined below) as well as at the joint governance meeting to promote learning from Chloe’s case and highlight additional actions that can be taken to help establish potential underlying causes for abnormalities in an otherwise seemingly stable patient.”

    Source location

    Response from East Suffolk and North Essex NHS Foundation Trust
    Page 3 · response
    Published 26 June 2024

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    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Circulate learning on persistent tachycardia and the need for further investigations to identify its underlying cause.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “The Trust has however reviewed the case and acknowledge that a further electrocardiogram could have been undertaken during the admission to provide further clinical insight into Chloe’s condition.”

    Source location

    Response from East Suffolk and North Essex NHS Foundation Trust
    Page 3 · response
    Published 26 June 2024

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent position was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Concerns about care at Colchester General Hospital fall outside NHS England’s remit.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “Your Report raises concerns with the care provided to Chloe whilst she was a patient at Colchester General Hospital. It is appropriate that East Suffolk & North Essex NHS Foundation Trust respond to your concerns, which do not fall under NHS England’s remit.”

    Source location

    Response from NHS England
    Page 1 · response
    Published 26 June 2024

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    Source evidence

    How this respondent position was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    East Suffolk & North Essex NHS Foundation Trust is responsible for responding to concerns about care at Colchester General Hospital.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “Your Report raises concerns with the care provided to Chloe whilst she was a patient at Colchester General Hospital. It is appropriate that East Suffolk & North Essex NHS Foundation Trust respond to your concerns, which do not fall under NHS England’s remit.”

    Source location

    Response from NHS England
    Page 1 · response
    Published 26 June 2024

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent position was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    The clinical presentation did not clearly indicate impending acute deterioration from upper gastrointestinal obstruction or grossly abnormal electrolytes.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “It is noted that on the evening prior to her cardiac arrest, Chloe was still taking her tablets herself with sips of water. Chloe got up to go to the toilet at 3:45am and interacted with the nurses about her cannula/drip stand. While Chloe was asking to pain relief, there is no clear evidence that Chloe had suffered a perforation, nor was the description of Chloe’s presentation and interactions on the evening a sign of a patient who was about to have an event relating to an upper gastrointestinal obstruction and grossly abnormal electrolytes.”

    Source location

    Response from East Suffolk and North Essex NHS Foundation Trust
    Page 3 · response
    Published 26 June 2024

    Open published response
  2. Manchester South

    AI-generated summary

    George Barry Broadhurst · Prevention of Future Deaths report

    This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.

    Report summary

    George Barry Broadhurst sustained a vertebral fracture in an accidental fall, which was not identified on an initial x-ray review. He later deteriorated with a collapsed lung, pulmonary embolism and an infected fractured vertebra, and died in hospital on 10 October 2023. The principal concerns were delays in radiology reporting and review, and insufficient recognition and escalation of concerning pain and deterioration in the community.

    Read the report on judiciary.uk

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Insufficient training of community and primary care teams to recognise deterioration in healing fractures

    Wider context from the report

    “3. The evidence given was that the level of pain that Mr Broadhurst still had in the community after 1st October was not in keeping with a healing fracture. The inquest was told that it was important that community/primary care teams were trained to understand how “normal” pain, in the context of a fracture being managed in the community, would present and what was a red flag/ deteriorating situation. Training on expectations around healing fractures would ensure what was a life-threatening deterioration was picked up and escalated at the earliest possible point. ”

    Source location

    George Barry Broadhurst · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 2 · concerns

    Open source report
  3. Birmingham and Solihull

    AI-generated summary

    Tracey Ann FARNDON · Prevention of Future Deaths report

    This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.

    Report summary

    Tracey Ann FARNDON was admitted to hospital with diarrhoea, vomiting and severe lower back pain, deteriorated rapidly, suffered cardiac arrest and could not be saved. The post-mortem identified severe pneumonia and a septic spleen, with the medical cause of death recorded as septic shock due to sepsis secondary to community-acquired pneumonia. Concerns included delays in recognising and treating sepsis, failure to respond appropriately to an unrecordable low blood pressure, and emergency department overcrowding and insufficient staffing.

    Read the report on judiciary.uk

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Failure to recognise the seriousness of a low or unrecordable blood pressure and continue observations

    Wider context from the report

    “3. Ms Farndon's BP was not recordable when she first presented at the emergency department. It was likely to be very low. This was not considered by the staff concerned and no further attempts were made to assess Ms Farndon's BP. There is a concern staff do not understand the implication of a low BP, the importance of continued observations when a key parameter cannot be recorded and that this may indicate the patient is seriously unwell. This raises a concern of future deaths. ”

    Source location

    Tracey Ann FARNDON · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 2 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Deliver manual blood-pressure training and competency assessment for Emergency Department staff, including escalation and alternative perfusion assessment methods.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “A programme of manual blood pressure training and competence was commenced for all Emergency Department staff at QEHB in March 2024. This includes education regarding the limitations of cold blood pressure measurement, for example the unreliability when patients have atrial fibrillation, and the escalation process for situations when blood pressure cannot be recorded. All band 6 and band 7 staff who are not on extended leave have completed this training, with all band 5 staff expected to have completed training by the end of May 2024. There is always a dedicated senior emergency doctor in all areas to escalate to for urgent review if the blood pressure is unable to be recorded through automatic or manual means. Training also includes education regarding additional means of assessing perfusion such as palpation of radial pulse and capillary refill time.”

    Source location

    Response from University Hospitals Birmingham
    Page 4 · response
    Published 15 April 2024

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    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Continue working with NHS England to identify resources needed for healthcare professionals to recognise and respond appropriately to patient deterioration.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “that updates to national sepsis guidance are disseminated and well recognised amongst a wide range of healthcare professionals who may encounter sepsis and acute deterioration. NHS England has developed several sepsis training and education resources, including e-learning, sector specific toolkits, and the ‘sepsis educational digital game,’ an accessible introduction to sepsis for clinical and non-clinical staff. We will continue to work with NHS England to understand what resources are needed to ensure that healthcare professionals recognise and respond appropriately when patients deteriorate.”

    Source location

    Response from Department of Health and Social Care
    Page 3 · response
    Published 15 April 2024

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    Source evidence

    How this respondent position was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    The Trust is responsible for responding directly to concerns about assessing the patient’s low blood pressure.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “Your report also raised concerns regarding the assessment of Ms Farndon’s low blood pressure. I note you have shared your report and concerns with University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, to respond directly to your matters of concern. I have included below some of the local actions that the Trust has committed to in response to the concerns in your report.”

    Source location

    Response from Department of Health and Social Care
    Page 3 · response
    Published 15 April 2024

    Open published response
  4. Derby and Derbyshire

    AI-generated summary

    Zachary Victor TAYLOR-SMITH · Prevention of Future Deaths report

    This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.

    Report summary

    Zachary Taylor-Smith was born preterm after an induced labour and died aged 14 hours at Royal Derby Hospital on 17 November 2022. The inquest found that he contracted an infection and that his death was contributed to by neglect, including failures relating to prophylactic antibiotics, recognition of the duration since rupture of membranes, and treatment of signs of early-onset infection. Concerns included staff understanding of infection indicators, communication between maternity and neonatal teams, systems for ensuring reviews were completed, and the safety of planned inductions given service capacity.

    Read the report on judiciary.uk

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Failure to recognise the significance of the first four hours after birth when assessing possible neonatal deterioration

    Wider context from the report

    “a. Staff lacking appreciation and proper understanding of the significance of the four hour period after birth in relation to indicators of a deteriorating baby and the potential over emphasis placed on the possible innocuous explanation for grunting in that period. ”

    Source location

    Zachary Victor TAYLOR-SMITH · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 2 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Implement the NEWTT2 framework for newborn assessment, escalation and review.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “• Implementation of the Newborn Track and Trigger 2 (NEWT T2) framework Immediate Care and Observations of the Newborn – Maternity / Neonatal.”

    Source location

    Response from University Hospitals of Derby and Burton
    Page 3 · response
    Published 21 March 2024

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    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Amend and implement NEWTT2 guidance to standardise escalation for neonatal respiratory distress.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “Following learning from the Inquest a further amendment to NEWTT2 has been completed (see exert from guidelines below) and was implemented week commencing 15.04.24. This is to ensure consistency of escalation in babies with signs of respiratory distress and further support the recognition of babies at risk. Our amendment to guidance states:”

    Source location

    Response from University Hospitals of Derby and Burton
    Page 3 · response
    Published 21 March 2024

    Open published response
  5. Essex

    AI-generated summary

    Ernest Smith · Prevention of Future Deaths report

    This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.

    Report summary

    Ernest Smith died in hospital from sepsis associated with hospital-acquired pneumonia and an infected haematoma, which developed after prophylactic anticoagulation. Concerns included delays in medical and consultant reviews, delayed antibiotics for the infected haematoma, and failure to follow the Sepsis Protocol.

    Read the report on judiciary.uk

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Delays in medical review of acute clinical deterioration

    Wider context from the report

    “a. Medical review requested on 10 March by nurses due to concerns about the acute development of bilateral bruising on Mr Smith's legs. This request was chased by nurses on 11 March and was not conducted until the evening of 12 March. b. A further medical review was conducted in the early hours of 13 March as Mr Smith was in pain and had developed a leg haematoma. c. It took 3 days for consultant review of Mr Smith. On 13 March Mr Smith was reviewed by a consultant from another ward and prophylactic anticoagulation was discontinued. ”

    Source location

    Ernest Smith · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 2 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Use Nervcentre task lists to communicate outstanding patient tasks between day and night teams during clinical handover.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “We agree that there was a delay in conducting a medical review for Mr Smith from Friday 10th until Sunday 12th March. Since Mr Smith’s admission, the doctors on call now have an additional formal ‘tasks’ list using an established software tool called Nervcentre. All”

    Source location

    Response from Princess Alexandra Hospital
    Page 1 · response
    Published 20 March 2024

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    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Provide out-of-hours patient-care coordination through a dedicated Hospital at Night team.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “outstanding ‘tasks’ relating to patients are now articulated between day and night teams during the clinical handover of patients using this list. Coordination for the care of patients out of hours is the responsibility of a dedicated Hospital at Night team.”

    Source location

    Response from Princess Alexandra Hospital
    Page 2 · response
    Published 20 March 2024

    Open published response
  6. Bedfordshire and Luton

    AI-generated summary

    Lucas Tyler Pollard · Prevention of Future Deaths report

    This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.

    Report summary

    Lucas Tyler Pollard, aged 14, died after sustaining catastrophic injuries in a collision while riding an electric moped on 1 June 2023. Concerns included the failure to dispatch a Critical Care Team promptly, the cancellation of a rapid response vehicle three minutes from the scene under the End of Shift Policy, and the absence of dynamic reassessment despite evidence of his deterioration. The report also raised concern that applying the policy in this way could threaten a patient's life in future situations.

    Read the report on judiciary.uk

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Failure to review incident management in response to evidence of deterioration during a 999 call

    Wider context from the report

    “(3) There was clear evidence from the 999 call both from the caller and the obvious deterioration of Lucas from sounds in the background but that did not prompt a review of the management of the incident by EEAST. ”

    Source location

    Lucas Tyler Pollard · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 2 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Integrate the Critical Care desk function into all three control rooms to improve identification, monitoring and reassessment of enhanced-care needs.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “The integration of the Critical Care desk function from a two-person team into all three control rooms will significantly enhance EEAST’s ability to identify, continually monitor and reassess need for enhanced care. We will also share a case study of our attendance to Lucas with the Critical Care Desk clinicians for awareness.”

    Source location

    Response from East of England Ambulance Service NHS Trust
    Page 1 · response
    Published 12 February 2024

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    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Publish an article in the weekly AOC staff newsletter reminding staff to actively listen and escalate calls where appropriate.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “There were opportunities to escalate this call to the Clinical Coordinator or Senior AOC Clinician for further review. Active listening and escalation of calls are covered throughout the Call Handlers’ training course, with specific emphasis on the type of calls that should be escalated. An article will be published in What’s Out Wednesday, which is the weekly newsletter shared with all AOC staff across the Trust, for general awareness in order to remind staff of the importance of active listening and escalating calls where appropriate. In addition, it will be picked up specifically with the call handlers in their supervision/1:1 meetings.”

    Source location

    Response from East of England Ambulance Service NHS Trust
    Page 2 · response
    Published 12 February 2024

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Address active listening and appropriate call escalation specifically with call handlers during supervision or one-to-one meetings.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “There were opportunities to escalate this call to the Clinical Coordinator or Senior AOC Clinician for further review. Active listening and escalation of calls are covered throughout the Call Handlers’ training course, with specific emphasis on the type of calls that should be escalated. An article will be published in What’s Out Wednesday, which is the weekly newsletter shared with all AOC staff across the Trust, for general awareness in order to remind staff of the importance of active listening and escalating calls where appropriate. In addition, it will be picked up specifically with the call handlers in their supervision/1:1 meetings.”

    Source location

    Response from East of England Ambulance Service NHS Trust
    Page 2 · response
    Published 12 February 2024

    Open published response
  7. Nottinghamshire

    AI-generated summary

    Tammy Mary Louise WATKINS · Prevention of Future Deaths report

    This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.

    Report summary

    Tammy Mary Louise Watkins died on 6 June 2021 after swallowing a plastic twistable crayon that perforated her bowel while she was detained at Rampton Hospital. The principal concerns were failures to risk-assess and manage foreign-body ingestion, recognise and escalate her deteriorating condition, follow NEWS2 requirements, and coordinate an emergency transfer to hospital. The report also identifies poor-quality acute physical healthcare and confusion about emergency medical calls.

    Read the report on judiciary.uk

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Failure to recognise deteriorating patients

    Wider context from the report

    “1. Poor Quality Acute Physical Healthcare in the mental health setting Tammy’s death demonstrates a further example of a failure by medical staff to recognise a deteriorating patient and a subsequent delay in escalating for acute secondary care intervention. Her death comes after repeated concerns have been raised about the quality of the Trust’s physical healthcare service in secure settings since 2018 (when Angus Bowie died from sepsis due to a perforation), in 2019 (when Christopher Howard Smith died from a pulmonary embolus), in 2020 (when Alexander Braund died from a chest infection) and in 2021 (when Michelle Louise Whitehead died from Hyponatraemic Encephalopathy). At each of those inquests, the Trust committed to improving the quality of physical healthcare across all secure settings and yet the same poor quality has prevailed in Tammy’s care. These are examples of preventable deaths and the similarity in themes across them is exceptionally worrying. Action needs to be taken at the most senior level to effect meaningful change to the quality of physical healthcare across all secure settings at which the Trust provides services, recognising this class of patients as exceptionally vulnerable to deterioration as they are unable, either through mental health challenges and/or incarceration, to access healthcare services of their own volition. ”

    Source location

    Tammy Mary Louise WATKINS · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 3 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Delays in escalating deteriorating patients for acute secondary care intervention

    Wider context from the report

    “1. Poor Quality Acute Physical Healthcare in the mental health setting Tammy’s death demonstrates a further example of a failure by medical staff to recognise a deteriorating patient and a subsequent delay in escalating for acute secondary care intervention. Her death comes after repeated concerns have been raised about the quality of the Trust’s physical healthcare service in secure settings since 2018 (when Angus Bowie died from sepsis due to a perforation), in 2019 (when Christopher Howard Smith died from a pulmonary embolus), in 2020 (when Alexander Braund died from a chest infection) and in 2021 (when Michelle Louise Whitehead died from Hyponatraemic Encephalopathy). At each of those inquests, the Trust committed to improving the quality of physical healthcare across all secure settings and yet the same poor quality has prevailed in Tammy’s care. These are examples of preventable deaths and the similarity in themes across them is exceptionally worrying. Action needs to be taken at the most senior level to effect meaningful change to the quality of physical healthcare across all secure settings at which the Trust provides services, recognising this class of patients as exceptionally vulnerable to deterioration as they are unable, either through mental health challenges and/or incarceration, to access healthcare services of their own volition. ”

    Source location

    Tammy Mary Louise WATKINS · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 3 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Scope physical healthcare models across inpatient services and roll the work out across all services.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “1. Poor Quality Acute Physical Healthcare in the Mental Health Setting The Trust recognises that Physical Healthcare is a key quality priority to improve the care to patients and reduce the risk of harm. The Trust have recognised the need to fully review how and what physical healthcare is offered across all inpatient services and successfully recruited an Associated Director of Physical Healthcare last year. This is a strategic post and covers all three care groups. Their initial priority has been to scope all physical health models of care across inpatient services with the aim of understanding the unique needs of patients across our services. The next phase will look to address the associated training needs and structure of who provides what care across the inpatient services to mitigate future harm associated with the deteriorating patient.”

    Source location

    Response from Nottinghamshire Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust
    Page 1 · response
    Published 19 January 2024

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Deliver NEWS2 training to all frontline clinical staff required to undertake the assessment.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “NEWS 2 training has been delivered to all frontline clinical staff who would be required to undertake this assessment and supports the policy requirements.”

    Source location

    Response from Nottinghamshire Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust
    Page 2 · response
    Published 19 January 2024

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Provide clinical supervision through senior Quality Matrons to support NEWS2 practice and continuous learning.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “In addition to this, at a glance posters are within each of the inpatient wards alongside lanyard attachments to support easy to access guidance when undertaking a NEWS2 assessment. A full audit process around NEWS2 is now in place and is monitored and responded to within normal governance frameworks with current compliance at 98%. Rampton hospital have ensured that senior nursing staff have increased visibility and presence in patient facing areas, to provide’ in action’ learning, role modelling and opportunity to provide direct feedback to colleagues. Clinical supervision is also recognised as a key aid to supporting and developing practice by sharing feedback and providing one to one clinical input to improve practice and aid a culture of learning.”

    Source location

    Response from Nottinghamshire Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust
    Page 2 · response
    Published 19 January 2024

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Introduce scenario-based NEWS2 examples during clinical supervision to assess staff competency around escalation.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “Having senior Quality Matrons deliver and provide clinical supervision further strengthens this approach and encourages a culture of continuous learning and improvement. Quality Matrons will use clinical supervision to introduce scenario-based examples of patients who require escalation to assess staff members competency around NEWS2.”

    Source location

    Response from Nottinghamshire Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust
    Page 2 · response
    Published 19 January 2024

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    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Undertake a further training needs analysis to identify enhancements to frontline knowledge and clinical skills.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “A further training needs analysis is currently being undertaken to understand if this can be enhanced to support and improve front line knowledge and clinical skills. HM Coroner will be updated as this moves forward.”

    Source location

    Response from Nottinghamshire Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust
    Page 3 · response
    Published 19 January 2024

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Review and reinforce the emergency medical-call process, requiring staff to call an ambulance when immediate physical-health concerns arise.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “4. Emergency Medical Calls The process for emergency medical calls within Rampton Hospital has been reviewed and the process has been reinforced back to all staff that where immediate concerns are present regarding the physical health of a patient, it is expected that they will call for an ambulance. This is reviewed in line with the increased senior leadership and local learning.”

    Source location

    Response from Nottinghamshire Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust
    Page 3 · response
    Published 19 January 2024

    Open published response
  8. West Yorkshire Eastern

    AI-generated summary

    Ms Samantha Jade Shillito · Prevention of Future Deaths report

    This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.

    Report summary

    Ms Samantha Jade Shillito was significantly unwell when admitted to hospital and underwent an ascitic tap procedure that perforated an artery, causing intra-abdominal bleeding. She deteriorated over the following weekend without medical review or further investigations and died on 27 February 2022. Concerns included missed opportunities to respond to her deterioration, inadequate information about the risks of the procedure and shortcomings in communication with her family.

    Read the report on judiciary.uk

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Failure to escalate, assess and investigate NEWS-triggered deterioration

    Wider context from the report

    “(1) There were no relevant specialist consultants in the hospital on the night of Friday 25/2/22, during Saturday 26/2/22 or on Sunday 27/2/22. Ms Shillito had a NEWS score which should have triggered an escalation of her treatment, but she was neither reviewed, examined properly or subjected to further investigations (such as blood tests and/or a CT scan) to establish the cause of her deterioration. Evidence was heard at the inquest from a consultant hepatologist to the effect that this was a missed opportunity to initiate remedial action when her deterioration could have been halted and her condition improved. ”

    Source location

    Ms Samantha Jade Shillito · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 1 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Maintain and improve escalation protocols for recognising and responding to deteriorating patients.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “The Trust also has escalation protocols in place to recognise when a patient’s condition deteriorates, with appropriate response pathways prescribed. However, we know these protocols require regular review to be assured they are fit for purpose and are continually improved locally, and across the NHS. We undertake ongoing education with our teams of nursing, allied health professions (AHP) staff, and junior doctors so that when deterioration of patients occur, they promptly receive correct specialist input and treatment.”

    Source location

    Response from Mid Yorkshire Teaching NHS Trust
    Page 2 · response
    Published 8 December 2023

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    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Provide ongoing deterioration-response education to nursing, allied health and junior medical staff.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “The Trust also has escalation protocols in place to recognise when a patient’s condition deteriorates, with appropriate response pathways prescribed. However, we know these protocols require regular review to be assured they are fit for purpose and are continually improved locally, and across the NHS. We undertake ongoing education with our teams of nursing, allied health professions (AHP) staff, and junior doctors so that when deterioration of patients occur, they promptly receive correct specialist input and treatment.”

    Source location

    Response from Mid Yorkshire Teaching NHS Trust
    Page 2 · response
    Published 8 December 2023

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Provide a 24/7 Deteriorating Adult Response Team for patients meeting deterioration referral criteria.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “In addition we have recently introduced the Deteriorating Adult Response Team (DART) previously called the Critical Care Outreach Team (CCOT) as a 24/7 service. This multi professional team provides an initial response when patients with deteriorating NEWS are identified. Guidance for referral includes a NEWS of 7 or more, an increasing oxygen requirement of above 40%, or if there are any concerns about a patient deteriorating (irrespective of their NEWS / oxygen requirement).”

    Source location

    Response from Mid Yorkshire Teaching NHS Trust
    Page 2 · response
    Published 8 December 2023

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Augment the deteriorating-patient response service with additional capacity.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “We have augmented this service and also launched the Call 4 Concern patient safety initiative (based on Martha’s rule). This enables a patient or family member to seek help or advice if a patient’s condition deteriorates. A new phone number is publicised on wards which connects to members of DART for a response. Patients and family members can call for help or advice if:”

    Source location

    Response from Mid Yorkshire Teaching NHS Trust
    Page 2 · response
    Published 8 December 2023

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Operate the Call 4 Concern patient-safety initiative, connecting ward calls from patients or families to Deteriorating Adult Response Team members.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “We have augmented this service and also launched the Call 4 Concern patient safety initiative (based on Martha’s rule). This enables a patient or family member to seek help or advice if a patient’s condition deteriorates. A new phone number is publicised on wards which connects to members of DART for a response. Patients and family members can call for help or advice if:”

    Source location

    Response from Mid Yorkshire Teaching NHS Trust
    Page 2 · response
    Published 8 December 2023

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent position was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Points 1 and 4 of the concerns are not directly relevant to the RCR’s remit or responsibilities.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “We note that points 1 and 4 in the matters of concern section of your report are not directly relevant to the remit or responsibilities of the RCR. Accordingly, our response focuses on matters 2 and 3.”

    Source location

    Response from The Royal College of Radiologists
    Page 1 · response
    Published 8 December 2023

    Open published response
  9. Inner North London

    AI-generated summary

    Riya HIRANI · Prevention of Future Deaths report

    This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.

    Report summary

    Riya Hirani, aged nine, was transferred to Great Ormond Street Hospital after presenting in cardiac arrest, having previously been assessed and discharged from Northwick Park Hospital. The concerns were that the severity of her illness was not recognised, despite her mother's repeated concerns, and that she was not given intravenous antibiotics, admitted, or escalated for a second opinion. Riya died five days after the cardiac arrest; her recorded cause of death included hypoxic ischaemic encephalopathy, out-of-hospital cardiac arrest, invasive group A streptococcal infection and influenza B infection.

    Read the report on judiciary.uk

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Failure to escalate care in response to clearly expressed parental concerns about a deteriorating child

    Wider context from the report

    “Riya’s mother took her to hospital a full day before Riya’s fatal collapse, because she believed that Riya was very sick. Unfortunately, the junior doctor who examined and assessed Riya failed to appreciate the severity of her condition. Instead of giving her intravenous antibiotics and admitting her to hospital, he diagnosed a virus and discharged her with advice to take over the counter painkillers and a sheet describing the management of sore throats. I intend to make a PFD report to the medical director of Northwick Park Hospital about the diagnosis and treatment of Riya’s condition. However, I am writing to you both because it seems to me that there is a fundamental issue regarding the lack of appropriate diagnosis and treatment that is apparent locally but relevant nationally. When Riya’s mother took her to hospital, she did so because it seemed to her that this illness was qualitatively very different from any other that Riya had suffered in her nine years. In short, Riya’s mum was convinced that Riya was extremely ill, she articulated clearly and at every stage in hospital why she thought that Riya was extremely ill, and she even questioned the doctor about whether this could be a group A streptococcal infection. (There was a well publicised outbreak at the time and the hospital had actually received an alert about this.) I heard at inquest that, even in the middle of the night, there was a consultant available to give a second opinion if this had been requested by medical personnel. However, no thought was given to seeking a second opinion. I think it highly likely that if it had been open to Riya’s family to seek a second opinion at that point, they would have done so without hesitation. One of the reasons that coroners are local to an area is because this makes them better placed to recognise any local trends. Although the events bringing the two children to hospital were very different, as I listened to the evidence at Riya’s inquest I noticed some striking similarities between the circumstances of Riya’s treatment and those of Martha Mills. On each occasion a parent’s articulately expressed and ultimately prescient concerns about a previously healthy but rapidly deteriorating child, did not result in appropriate escalation of care. I heard the inquest touching Martha’s death last year. I am aware from press reports of the attempts of Martha’s mother to enable families in such a situation to have ready access to a second medical opinion. It seems to me that you should be aware of the circumstances of Riya’s death before you decide how to proceed. ”

    Source location

    Riya HIRANI · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 2 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Failure to recognise the severity of a seriously ill child’s condition

    Wider context from the report

    “Riya’s mother took her to hospital a full day before Riya’s fatal collapse, because she believed that Riya was very sick. Unfortunately, the junior doctor who examined and assessed Riya failed to appreciate the severity of her condition. Instead of giving her intravenous antibiotics and admitting her to hospital, he diagnosed a virus and discharged her with advice to take over the counter painkillers and a sheet describing the management of sore throats. I intend to make a PFD report to the medical director of Northwick Park Hospital about the diagnosis and treatment of Riya’s condition. However, I am writing to you both because it seems to me that there is a fundamental issue regarding the lack of appropriate diagnosis and treatment that is apparent locally but relevant nationally. When Riya’s mother took her to hospital, she did so because it seemed to her that this illness was qualitatively very different from any other that Riya had suffered in her nine years. In short, Riya’s mum was convinced that Riya was extremely ill, she articulated clearly and at every stage in hospital why she thought that Riya was extremely ill, and she even questioned the doctor about whether this could be a group A streptococcal infection. (There was a well publicised outbreak at the time and the hospital had actually received an alert about this.) I heard at inquest that, even in the middle of the night, there was a consultant available to give a second opinion if this had been requested by medical personnel. However, no thought was given to seeking a second opinion. I think it highly likely that if it had been open to Riya’s family to seek a second opinion at that point, they would have done so without hesitation. One of the reasons that coroners are local to an area is because this makes them better placed to recognise any local trends. Although the events bringing the two children to hospital were very different, as I listened to the evidence at Riya’s inquest I noticed some striking similarities between the circumstances of Riya’s treatment and those of Martha Mills. On each occasion a parent’s articulately expressed and ultimately prescient concerns about a previously healthy but rapidly deteriorating child, did not result in appropriate escalation of care. I heard the inquest touching Martha’s death last year. I am aware from press reports of the attempts of Martha’s mother to enable families in such a situation to have ready access to a second medical opinion. It seems to me that you should be aware of the circumstances of Riya’s death before you decide how to proceed. ”

    Source location

    Riya HIRANI · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 2 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Develop, ratify, disseminate and audit a paediatric examination SOP covering escalation, SBAR handovers, senior opinions and mandatory face-to-face review before discharge.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “New standard operating procedure”

    Source location

    Response from London North West University Healthcare NHS Trust
    Page 1 · response
    Published 22 September 2023

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Advise clinicians to seek senior review when caregivers remain concerned after clinical review.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “As an interim measure pending completion of the SOP all clinicians have been advised through multi professional meetings and via email communication that if a caregiver raises concerns following clinical review the clinician should have a low threshold for seeking senior review.”

    Source location

    Response from London North West University Healthcare NHS Trust
    Page 2 · response
    Published 22 September 2023

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Implement the nationally approved Paediatric Early Warning System observation and escalation charts.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “Nationally approved Paediatric Early Warning System”

    Source location

    Response from London North West University Healthcare NHS Trust
    Page 2 · response
    Published 22 September 2023

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Operate point-of-care testing for Streptococcus A and respiratory illness within the emergency pathway.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “Point of care testing”

    Source location

    Response from London North West University Healthcare NHS Trust
    Page 1 · response
    Published 22 September 2023

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Add paediatric cases and learning from pertinent clinical presentations as a standard agenda item for the monthly Deteriorating Patients Group.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “Additionally, the Trust holds a monthly Deteriorating Patients Group. This is chaired by the Trust Medical Director and is an organisational Trust platform to discuss deteriorating patients, where cases are reviewed, and learning is embedded into future practices. This meeting is attended by Director level clinical staff from all clinical specialties and subgroups to ensure collaborative and robust oversight. This meeting is formally minuted, develops actions with named lead professionals and influences Trust policies and procedures. As a direct-action Paediatrics and the learning from any pertinent clinical presentations have been added as a standard agenda item.”

    Source location

    Response from London North West University Healthcare NHS Trust
    Page 3 · response
    Published 22 September 2023

    Open published response
  10. Surrey

    AI-generated summary

    Linda Oldland · Prevention of Future Deaths report

    This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.

    Report summary

    Linda Oldland died at Hydon Hill Nursing Home on 3 January 2022 from a urinary tract infection that infected both kidneys and resulted in sepsis. Concerns included failures to share information about positive urine tests and the GP’s treatment plan, delayed antibiotics, failure to recognise cardiac arrest, and incorrectly informing ambulance staff that a valid DNAR form was in place.

    Read the report on judiciary.uk

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Failure to recognise cardiac arrest

    Wider context from the report

    “Hydon Hill Nursing Home: - Did not pass on pertinent information to the GP about the positive dip stick test on 30 December 2021; - Delayed the start of the stand-by oral antibiotics from the evening 31 December 2021 until Midday on 2 January 2022; - Did not pass on pertinent information to the ambulance service on 2 January 2022 about Mrs Oldland’s wishes and the GP plan should she deteriorate with suspected sepsis; - Did not recognise that Ms Oldland was in a state of cardiac arrest on 3 January 2022; - Incorrectly informed the ambulance service that Mrs Oldland had a valid DNAR in place on 3 January 2022. The Coroner considers that consideration ought to be given to updating policies and procedures in respect of the sharing and documentation of information relating to residents and/or in relation to training of clinical staff to address the above matters. ”

    Source location

    Linda Oldland · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 5 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Provide sourced vital-signs training information to current clinical staff and new clinical starters.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “Action | Impact | Expected Completion Weekly clinical governance meeting (continued) | personal care plans or updates which may be needed. | Sepsis training | We have implemented Sepsis training w/c 2/10/23 and all staff have a deadline of 30th Dec to complete. | 30/12/23 Vital signs training | We have sourced further information which will be given to all clinical staff currently in post and to all clinical new starters | 30/11/23 Review of our training | We are currently reviewing our training to ensure that we offer all necessary courses to meet the needs of people we support. Any courses we do not currently have, either write them or source externally.”

    Source location

    Response from Leonard Cheshire
    Page 2 · response
    Published 6 September 2023

    Open published response
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Data last updated 7 September 2026