Recurring concern

Unsafe medication administration

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First reported 19 Sep 2013•Latest report 19 Mar 2026

Definition

What this concern includes

Includes failures of controls dedicated to the end-to-end administration of prescribed medicines, including staff competence and supervision, administration accuracy and timing, monitoring, verification of ingestion, access and stock control, documentation, and follow-up of missed or incorrect doses.

Not included

  • Excludes prescribing-only, medication-selection or clinical-review deficiencies where the concern is not tied to administration.
  • Excludes hazards involving counterfeit or unlawfully supplied medicines outside the administering organisation's medication-administration system.
  • Excludes generic record-keeping, staffing or training deficiencies that are not specifically dedicated to safe medication administration.
  • Excludes failures concerning unrelated information-sharing, assessment or care processes merely occurring in the same case.
Reports
115

Distinct published reports

Individual concerns
147

A report can raise multiple concerns

Date range
2013–2026

First to latest report issue date

Stated actions
192

Described in published responses

Reports over time

Reports over time

Reports about this concern issued each year.

* 2026 is projected from reports observed to 7 Sep 2026.

Most frequent recipients

Most frequent recipients

Reports about this concern sent to each recipient.

Care Quality Commission7
Stockport NHS Foundation Trust7
Department of Health and Social Care6
Ministry of Justice4
NHS England4
Tameside and Glossop Integrated Care NHS Foundation Trust4
HM Prison and Probation Service3
Nursing and Midwifery Council3
University Hospitals Sussex NHS Foundation Trust3
Barking, Havering and Redbridge University Hospitals NHS Trust2
Care UK2
Hc-One Limited2
Leeds Prison2
Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust2
Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust2

Concerns and responses across reports

Only concerns grouped under this recurring concern are included. Select any concern, action or position to view the source wording.

  1. West Sussex

    AI-generated summary

    George Benjamin Rimmer · Prevention of Future Deaths report

    This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.

    Report summary

    George Benjamin Rimmer was found deceased at home on 25 October 2018 after being prescribed Oramorph for pain following decompression surgery. The concerns included taking the medicine directly from the bottle rather than measuring doses, possible lack of counselling about exceeding the prescribed dose, and insufficient warnings about excess or cumulative dosing.

    Read the report on judiciary.uk

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Unmeasured dosing from the medication bottle

    Wider context from the report

    “(1) Mr Rimmer was known to swig out of the bottle rather than take a measured dose as many patient do; (2) Mr Rimmer self medicated as required; (3) Mr Rimmer’s GP did not recall advising him of the possible consequences of exceeding the prescribed dose. (4) There was no evidence to show that anyone had counselled Mr Rimmer with regards to the use of this drug. (5) The leaflet that comes with the bottle does not provide a sufficient warning of the dangers of taking an excess dose. (6) There is no mention of the dangers of drinking from the bottle and not measuring the dose. (7) There is no warning on the bottle to act as a reminder of the dangers of taking an excess dose or of the cumulative effect of taking more than the prescribed amount. ”

    Source location

    George Benjamin Rimmer · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 2 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Request MHRA approval to add an explicit warning against drinking Oramorph directly from the bottle and describe overdose risks in the patient information leaflet.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “However, we will propose to the MHRA that we include within the ‘HOW TO TAKE ORAMORPH ORAL SOLUTION’ section the following statement (or words to that effect to be agreed with the MHRA):”

    Source location

    2019-0269-Response-by-Boehringer-Ingelheim
    Page 7 · response
    Published 18 October 2019

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent position was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Existing dosing instructions and approved labelling were considered sufficiently clear despite lacking an explicit warning against drinking directly from the bottle.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “Whilst there is no explicit warning in the PIL not to drink directly from the bottle, the wording of the ‘HOW TO TAKE ORAMORPH ORAL SOLUTION’ is also consistent with other oral morphine solutions (ref 9,10) available in the UK. These also provide specific instructions about measuring the correct dose but, like Oramorph®, they do not have an explicit warning not to drink directly from the bottle.”

    Source location

    2019-0269-Response-by-Boehringer-Ingelheim
    Page 7 · response
    Published 18 October 2019

    Open published response
  2. Manchester West

    AI-generated summary

    Robert Charles Rostron · Prevention of Future Deaths report

    This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.

    Report summary

    Robert Charles Rostron, who had Type 1 diabetes and Alzheimer’s disease, became unconscious after an agency nurse administered insulin despite recording a low blood sugar reading of 2.2. He did not recover to his previous baseline and later died in hospital; the inquest found that the insulin administration exacerbated his natural illness. Concerns included the use of agency nurses without formal induction, insufficient knowledge of records and care plans, and an agency nurse being the only qualified nurse in charge of the unit.

    Read the report on judiciary.uk

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Medication administration by agency nurses unfamiliar with the unit

    Wider context from the report

    “I am concerned by the use of Agency Nurses in the homes under the management of HC One. In particular, I am concerned by the lack of formal induction and orientation to the unit on this occasion. I am concerned that reliance is placed upon the nursing qualification itself and the agency providing the nurse. I am concerned that an Agency Nurse was used as the senior member of staff in charge of the shift. I am concerned that the Agency Nurse was giving out medication when he had never worked at the Unit before and. I am concerned that there were no other qualified nurses on the Spring Unit at the time. ”

    Source location

    Robert Charles Rostron · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 2 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Block-book agency staff where possible to improve familiarity with home standards and residents’ needs.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “There are still unfortunately occasions when we are required to call upon the need to cover nursing shifts at this and other homes with agency nurses. However, we have implemented a series of additional measures to reduce the likelihood of an agency nurse being required to lead a shift without having worked at the home or individual House before.”

    Source location

    2019-0237-Response-by-The-Kind-Care-Company
    Page 1 · response
    Published 13 September 2019

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Complete and distribute a strengthened agency-staff orientation booklet across the company.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “There are still unfortunately occasions when we are required to call upon the need to cover nursing shifts at this and other homes with agency nurses. However, we have implemented a series of additional measures to reduce the likelihood of an agency nurse being required to lead a shift without having worked at the home or individual House before.”

    Source location

    2019-0237-Response-by-The-Kind-Care-Company
    Page 1 · response
    Published 13 September 2019

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Orient agency nurses to risk assessments, care plans, diabetes resources, hypoglycaemia materials, medicines, and relevant policies through senior home staff.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “As part of the agency nurse’s orientation to the home, the location of all risk assessments, care plans, the diabetes resource file, physical posters regarding hypo/hyperglycaemia management, hypo box, medicines and policies and procedures would be shown, as mentioned previously, to them by the most senior member of staff at the home, to support them in their shift, which would be the Home Manager, Deputy Home Manager or Nurse in charge of the home. This ensures that any agency nurse is fully orientated and knows where to locate important documents as well as summoning support within the home.”

    Source location

    2019-0237-Response-by-The-Kind-Care-Company
    Page 3 · response
    Published 13 September 2019

    Open published response
  3. North West Kent

    AI-generated summary

    Jonathan Richard McCARTHY · Prevention of Future Deaths report

    This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.

    Report summary

    Jonathan Richard McCarthy was admitted to hospital with confusion, aspiration pneumonia, sepsis, acute kidney injury and swallowing difficulties, and later deteriorated with another aspiration pneumonia and hyperglycaemia. The stated concerns were failures to correctly monitor blood sugar and ketones, administer the correct insulin dose, and provide adequate nursing care and escalation to the medical team.

    Read the report on judiciary.uk

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Failure to administer the correct dose of insulin

    Wider context from the report

    “[BRIEF SUMMARY OF MATTERS OF CONCERN] (1) The Trust failed to correctly monitor the blood sugar and ketone testing of Jonathan Richard McCarthy (2) The Trust failed to administer the correct does of insulin (3) There was inadequate nursing care and a failure to escalate to the medical team when it was clear this should be carried out. ”

    Source location

    Jonathan Richard McCARTHY · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 2 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Review the pharmacy drug-chart auditing process and disseminate serious-incident learning through the monthly Medicines Safety News editorial.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “The Pharmacy Department are undertaking a review of the auditing process in regard to Drug charts as this was not identified in the case of Mr McCarthy and is being discussed and addressed at their team meetings. The Serious Incident findings are being highlighted in their monthly learning editorial (Medicines Safety News).”

    Source location

    2019-0179-Response-by-Maidstone-and-Tunbridge-Wells-NHS-Trust_Redacted
    Page 2 · response
    Published 14 August 2019

    Open published response
  4. South Wales Central

    AI-generated summary

    Marion Hilda Prance · Prevention of Future Deaths report

    This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.

    Report summary

    Marion Hilda Prance, aged 82, suffered a head injury after an unwitnessed fall at her care home and was given her usual morning dose of Rivaroxaban on the advice of paramedics. She was later diagnosed with a subdural haematoma, developed a catastrophic brain bleed and died the next day. The principal concerns were paramedic awareness and training regarding Rivaroxaban and the need for caution after head injuries caused by falls.

    Read the report on judiciary.uk

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Failure of paramedics to recognise the dangers of administering Rivaroxaban

    Wider context from the report

    “(1) A paramedic with 40 years of experience was unaware of the dangers of administering Rivaroxaban, a blood-thinning medication to an elderly lady who had suffered a fall and banged her head; ”

    Source location

    Marion Hilda Prance · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 2 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Publish Clinical Notice 18 to clinicians, covering Novel Oral Anticoagulants including Rivaroxaban and providing advice on their use.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “Whilst the Trust acknowledges that during the Inquest you heard verbal evidence from the paramedic who attended Mrs Prance, I would like to take the opportunity to confirm with you that during 2014 a Clinical Notice number 18 entitled, Novel Oral Anti-coagulant, was published to all clinicians. In that document anti-coagulant therapies including Rivaroxaban were referred to and advice was supplied to staff regarding their use. I attach for your reference a copy of that Clinical Notice.”

    Source location

    2019-0154-Response-by-Welsh-Ambulance-Services-NHS-Trust
    Page 2 · response
    Published 28 July 2019

    Open published response
  5. Shropshire, Telford and Wrekin

    AI-generated summary

    Mark Richard HINTON · Prevention of Future Deaths report

    This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.

    Report summary

    Mark Richard HINTON attended A&E with right calf pain and swelling after being advised to attend because of a possible clot. He was discharged before a markedly raised D-Dimer result became available; the inquest recorded pulmonary embolus due to deep vein thrombosis and bleeding duodenal ulcer, with a conclusion of “Preventable Natural Cause”. Concerns included failures in recording and communicating the D-Dimer request and result, delayed testing, inadequate documentation, and other system and process failures.

    Read the report on judiciary.uk

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Failure to check administration of Oramorph and account for symptom masking

    Wider context from the report

    “(3) Other matters arising. a) A second set of observations should have been made before Mark was discharged. This did not happen. b) The D-Dimer test result was delayed due to a systems error with the CS2500 machine. It is stated that this may have happened intermittently and is then corrected. Had the system error not occurred it is likely that the (8th) result would have been available on screen for the discharging doctor to review. c) Telephone results are not made if the patient is an in-patient in A&E. The Standing Operation Procedure (SOP) in Pathology states “D-Dimer greater than 500ug/l telephone to GP, out-patients and outlying hospitals (excludes SATH in-patients)”. Is a patient waiting assessment in A&E an out-patient or in-patient or some other category? d) Differential diagnosis. Had all the information to the discharging doctor a differential diagnosis of DVT may have been made and recorded. e) A body map had not been completed at any time. f) Oramorph was recorded as having been given but not checked. Also it may the mask symptoms of pain. g) Whilst D-Dimer tests were becoming routine rather than clinically required, Mark had come in with a possible ‘clot’ whether his earlier symptoms had improved or not. h) The absence of documentation made it difficult if not impossible to resolve factual discrepancies between members of staff. i) The impression given by witnesses was that they were under pressure (racing against the clock) to meet the 4 hour deadline in A&E. ”

    Source location

    Mark Richard HINTON · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 3 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this respondent position was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    There is no pharmaceutical requirement for Oramorph to be double-checked.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “f. Oramorph was recorded as having been given but not checked. Also it may mask symptoms of pain.”

    Source location

    2019-0142-Response-by-The-Shrewsbury-and-Telford-Hospital-NHS-Trust
    Page 3 · response
    Published 14 June 2019

    Open published response
  6. Brighton and Hove

    AI-generated summary

    Ioannis AVGOUSTI · Prevention of Future Deaths report

    This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.

    Report summary

    Ioannis Avgousti died after an episode involving documented allergy to Co-Amoxiclav, during which the medication was prescribed and administered. The report identified concerns about failure to follow allergy guidance, inadequate communication, failure to act on elevated NEWS observations or escalate care, and staffing pressures during the relevant shift.

    Read the report on judiciary.uk

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Failure to prevent prescribing and administration of a documented allergenic medication

    Wider context from the report

    “(2) On the 6th October 2018 although the hospital had noted that he was allergic to Co-Amoxiclav and although the paper medication notes noted that fact he was written up for that medication and it was administered to him. I saw evidence of a poorly documented, from the point of view of time, NEWS observation. Although at the top of the chart there were the numbers 2 0 (20) I found on the balance of probabilities that set of observations had more likely been taken at about 20:10 or 20:15 hours. The observations were added up to 9. In fact the total was 13. NEWS is a tool to ensure that the deteriorating patient is recognised and given help and escalated, if appropriate, to Intensive Care. This set of observations was not acted on in accordance with the directions and no escalation was made. There should have been a MET call then i.e., at around 20:15 hours to a specialist registrar (there was one on duty) If this call had been made and if the appropriate doctor had been called to see Mr. Avgousti it is possible that although the sepsis protocol would I believe have been implemented, it would have been realised that he had an allergy to Co-Amoxiclav and he would have been given an appropriate alternative. Whilst I cannot say categorically that this would have been the case I believe it is highly likely. NEWS is an important tool and should not be ignored as it was on Vallance Ward on the night of the 6th October 2018. ”

    Source location

    Ioannis AVGOUSTI · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 1 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Implement redesigned prescription charts displaying medication, reaction and allergy-safety decision information.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “████████ Head of Nursing for Quality Improvement has undertaken work in conjunction with the Pharmacy team to ensure that the Trust is fully compliant with these NICE guidelines. ████████ has confirmed that the Trust is currently compliant with most of the guidelines and has produced an action plan for the remaining guidelines. This includes a tool, to describe reactions and to determine actual allergy status, which has been developed and this tool will be incorporated into the new design of the Trust’s Prescription chart. The next print run of our newly designed Prescription charts will include:”

    Source location

    2019-0135-Response-by-Brighton-and-Sussex-University-Hospitals
    Page 1 · response
    Published 14 June 2019

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Finalise the EPMA specification and secure funding to purchase an electronic prescribing and medicines administration package incorporating allergy safeguards.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “All of the above will be incorporated into the EPMA (Electronic Prescribing and Medicines Administration) system. The business case for this package has been approved and the specification is currently being finalised. We are waiting for an imminent NHS England allocation of funding decision in order to purchase the EPMA package. Once commenced we our aim is for 80% of wards to have EPMA within 2 years. The Chief of Pharmacy and his team are leading on this work.”

    Source location

    2019-0135-Response-by-Brighton-and-Sussex-University-Hospitals
    Page 2 · response
    Published 14 June 2019

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Undertake medicines reconciliation for every patient as soon as possible after admission.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “Medicines reconciliation is now undertaken for every patient as soon as possible after they have been admitted to hospital.”

    Source location

    2019-0135-Response-by-Brighton-and-Sussex-University-Hospitals
    Page 2 · response
    Published 14 June 2019

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Trial a single red allergy wristband system in the Acute Admissions Unit and Emergency Department, supported by compliance audits.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “We have undertaken extensive investigation into the use of red allergy wrist bands, led by the Head of Nursing - Quality Improvement. We have conducted three audits of the appropriate use of red wristbands since January 2019 and there has been 10% improvement on compliance. In addition, our Acute Admissions Unit and Emergency Department are trialing a single coloured wristband system whereby if a patient has an allergy, they will only wear a red wristband with their details on it, and not an additional white wristband. The aim of this trial is to see if it reduces the risk of the red wristband not being seen when checking patients’ details prior to medication administration and our patients like Mr Avgousti who I gather did not like wearing multiple wristbands and would sometimes pull them off, being more comfortable and reducing the risk of removal.”

    Source location

    2019-0135-Response-by-Brighton-and-Sussex-University-Hospitals
    Page 2 · response
    Published 14 June 2019

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Deliver bespoke Acute Admissions Unit training on penicillin allergy risks and co-amoxiclav use.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “To supplement this trial, the Acute Admissions Unit team have put in a place a bespoke training programme for staff in order to highlight the risk of penicillin allergy and the use of co-amoxiclav. I am delighted to say that over the last month there have been no penicillin related incidents on the Acute Floor at the Royal Sussex County Hospital. These improvements will then be extended to other areas of the Trust.”

    Source location

    2019-0135-Response-by-Brighton-and-Sussex-University-Hospitals
    Page 2 · response
    Published 14 June 2019

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent position was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Purchase of the EPMA package cannot proceed until NHS England decides its funding allocation.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “All of the above will be incorporated into the EPMA (Electronic Prescribing and Medicines Administration) system. The business case for this package has been approved and the specification is currently being finalised. We are waiting for an imminent NHS England allocation of funding decision in order to purchase the EPMA package. Once commenced we our aim is for 80% of wards to have EPMA within 2 years. The Chief of Pharmacy and his team are leading on this work.”

    Source location

    2019-0135-Response-by-Brighton-and-Sussex-University-Hospitals
    Page 2 · response
    Published 14 June 2019

    Open published response
  7. Manchester City

    AI-generated summary

    Ann Corfield · Prevention of Future Deaths report

    This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.

    Report summary

    Ann Corfield was admitted to hospital with a urinary tract infection, low sodium levels and deteriorating mental health, later developing severe psychotic depression, poor oral intake and dehydration. She suffered a cardiac arrest and died after transfer between hospitals. Concerns included inadequate handover about anticoagulation, failure to administer prescribed prophylactic anticoagulation, poor completion of fluid balance charts, and the lack of suitably qualified staff to administer intravenous fluids at Park House.

    Read the report on judiciary.uk

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Failure to administer prescribed prophylactic anticoagulation

    Wider context from the report

    “1. I heard evidence that although Mrs Corfield was at high risk of developing a VTE, following her admission to Park House on 28th June, prophylactic anticoagulation was not prescribed for her until 30th June when a prescription for clexane (enoxaparin) was issued. Further, although clexane was prescribed, it was never administered to Mrs Corfield. ”

    Source location

    Ann Corfield · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 3 · concerns

    Open source report
  8. Plymouth, Torbay and South Devon

    AI-generated summary

    Terence Bradfield · Prevention of Future Deaths report

    This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.

    Report summary

    Terence Bradfield entered Derriford Hospital on 1 December 2013 with gastric bleeding and died on 17 December 2013, primarily from the consequences of his gastrointestinal bleed. The report raised concerns that his long-term steroid medication was not given or adequately managed, including when he was vomiting, and about staff training and the absence of policies for steroid management and “Nil by Mouth” patients with co-morbidities.

    Read the report on judiciary.uk

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Failure to administer prescribed steroids

    Wider context from the report

    “(1) They are : 1. Mr. Bradfield was not given his steroids on 2.12.13 2. Mr. Bradfield was not prescribed intravenous hydrocortisone on 4th and 5th December 2013 when Mr. Bradfield had reported vomiting 3. Mr. Bradfield was not put on a stress dose of steroids whilst in Derriford hospital 4. The awareness and training of staff on the issue of steroid management. 5. The lack of a policy on the administration of steroids generally and their use in situations where a number of co – morbidities are present despite this death having arisen in 2013. 6. The training and awareness of staff on the meaning of “Nil by Mouth “ in patients who are suffering from a number of co –morbidities and are on important prescribed medication which needs to be taken regularly notwithstanding any planned necessary procedures . ”

    Source location

    Terence Bradfield · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 1 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Lack of a policy for steroid administration and use with multiple comorbidities

    Wider context from the report

    “(1) They are : 1. Mr. Bradfield was not given his steroids on 2.12.13 2. Mr. Bradfield was not prescribed intravenous hydrocortisone on 4th and 5th December 2013 when Mr. Bradfield had reported vomiting 3. Mr. Bradfield was not put on a stress dose of steroids whilst in Derriford hospital 4. The awareness and training of staff on the issue of steroid management. 5. The lack of a policy on the administration of steroids generally and their use in situations where a number of co – morbidities are present despite this death having arisen in 2013. 6. The training and awareness of staff on the meaning of “Nil by Mouth “ in patients who are suffering from a number of co –morbidities and are on important prescribed medication which needs to be taken regularly notwithstanding any planned necessary procedures . ”

    Source location

    Terence Bradfield · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 1 · concerns

    Open source report
  9. Manchester City

    AI-generated summary

    Marie Hilda Millward Winter · Prevention of Future Deaths report

    This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.

    Report summary

    Marie Hilda Millward Winter fell at a nursing home on 19 August 2017, sustained a head injury and developed an intracranial bleed. The report states that Apixaban was administered after the fall and that this worsened the bleed and contributed to her death at hospital on 2 September 2017. The principal concern was the administration of anticoagulant medication after a head injury, reportedly on the advice of or in the presence of ambulance technicians.

    Read the report on judiciary.uk

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Administration of anticoagulation medication following a head injury

    Wider context from the report

    “The evidence was that the medication (Apixaban) was given to Mrs Millward Winter at Each Step Nursing Home on the advice of and/or in the presence of the Ambulance Technicians from North West Ambulance Service after she had sustained a head injury and prior to transporting her to hospital. The concern is that the administration of this anticoagulation medication on the morning of the 19th August 2017, following a head injury, worsened an internal bleed and contributed to Mrs Millward Winter’s death. It is of concern that such medication has been given when the patient has suffered a head injury (and is at risk of an internal bleed). It is of concern that the medication has been given on the advice of and/or in the presence of the ambulance technicians. ”

    Source location

    Marie Hilda Millward Winter · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 2 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Failure to restrict anticoagulation medication advice or administration involving ambulance technicians

    Wider context from the report

    “The evidence was that the medication (Apixaban) was given to Mrs Millward Winter at Each Step Nursing Home on the advice of and/or in the presence of the Ambulance Technicians from North West Ambulance Service after she had sustained a head injury and prior to transporting her to hospital. The concern is that the administration of this anticoagulation medication on the morning of the 19th August 2017, following a head injury, worsened an internal bleed and contributed to Mrs Millward Winter’s death. It is of concern that such medication has been given when the patient has suffered a head injury (and is at risk of an internal bleed). It is of concern that the medication has been given on the advice of and/or in the presence of the ambulance technicians. ”

    Source location

    Marie Hilda Millward Winter · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 2 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this respondent position was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Advising on Apixaban and other medications beyond six authorised medications falls outside an EMT’s scope of practice.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “████████ recollection is that there was no discussion in relation to the administration of anti-coagulant medication for two reasons; firstly, Mrs Millward-Winter was being conveyed to the hospital because she had suffered a head injury and was taking blood thinning medication and secondly, advising on the administration of an anti-coagulant was outside of his scope of practice as an Emergency Medical Technician (EMT).”

    Source location

    2019-0020-Response-by-North-West-Ambulance-Service-NHS-Trust
    Page 2 · response
    Published 23 May 2019

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent position was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    The nursing-home nurse, rather than an EMT, was responsible for deciding which medication should be administered and when.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “An Advanced Paramedic has provided an overview in light of the Regulation 28 Report and has noted that Mrs Millward-Winter was resident in a nursing home. In their view, the nurse on duty at the unit would supersede an EMT in respect of which medication should be administered and at what point.”

    Source location

    2019-0020-Response-by-North-West-Ambulance-Service-NHS-Trust
    Page 2 · response
    Published 23 May 2019

    Open published response
  10. Surrey

    AI-generated summary

    Natasha Learline CHIN · Prevention of Future Deaths report

    This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.

    Report summary

    Natasha Learline Chin died in her cell at HMP Bronzefield on 19 July 2016 after profuse vomiting associated with undertreated opiate and alcohol withdrawal. The report identified concerns about delayed medication, inadequate monitoring and escalation, failures in record-keeping and governance, and insufficient auditing and training.

    Read the report on judiciary.uk

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Unclear governance for non-administration of prescribed medication

    Wider context from the report

    “1. The prison officer with responsibility for the wing on which Miss Chin was resident was not privy to what medication she was prescribed nor when it should be administered. There is no system in place for consent to be obtained from prisoners for this information to be shared with discipline staff. 2. The Sodexo Justice Service Protocols in respect of opiate and alcohol withdrawal did not adequately mirror the National Protocols and were, in parts, unclear and difficult to comprehend. 3. Nurses failed to make any datix referrals in respect of missed medications. 4. The following matters have to date not been formally audited by Sodexo Justice Services: i.) Whether prisoners who do not attend for prescribed medications are followed up and the reason for non-attendance is properly recorded. ii.) Whether critical medication is administered on time. iii.) Whether proper observations are undertaken in line with national or local protocols in respect of opiate and alcohol withdrawal. iv.) Whether medical records on System 1 are accurately recorded. v.) Whether the Patient Guidance Directions in respect of prescribing by nurses are adhered to, and whether medical records are checked before any prescriptions are made by nurses pursuant to the directive. 5. As a consequence it is not possible for Sodexo Justice Services to know whether the matters raised in 4.(i) to (v) have been adequately addressed. 6. The response by Sodexo Justice Services to the issues identified in the report dated the 13th April 2016 of Her Majesty’s Chief Inspector of Prisons in respect of non-administration of prescribed medication was inadequate. It does not appear that there was a clear line of governance in respect of this matter. 7. Whether there is adequate training: i.) of discipline and clinical staff, including agency staff, to make them aware of the signs and dangers of opiate and alcohol withdrawal. ii.) of clinical staff in respect of the completion of opiate and alcohol withdrawal scales. ”

    Source location

    Natasha Learline CHIN · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 4 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Lack of audit of on-time administration of critical medication

    Wider context from the report

    “1. The prison officer with responsibility for the wing on which Miss Chin was resident was not privy to what medication she was prescribed nor when it should be administered. There is no system in place for consent to be obtained from prisoners for this information to be shared with discipline staff. 2. The Sodexo Justice Service Protocols in respect of opiate and alcohol withdrawal did not adequately mirror the National Protocols and were, in parts, unclear and difficult to comprehend. 3. Nurses failed to make any datix referrals in respect of missed medications. 4. The following matters have to date not been formally audited by Sodexo Justice Services: i.) Whether prisoners who do not attend for prescribed medications are followed up and the reason for non-attendance is properly recorded. ii.) Whether critical medication is administered on time. iii.) Whether proper observations are undertaken in line with national or local protocols in respect of opiate and alcohol withdrawal. iv.) Whether medical records on System 1 are accurately recorded. v.) Whether the Patient Guidance Directions in respect of prescribing by nurses are adhered to, and whether medical records are checked before any prescriptions are made by nurses pursuant to the directive. 5. As a consequence it is not possible for Sodexo Justice Services to know whether the matters raised in 4.(i) to (v) have been adequately addressed. 6. The response by Sodexo Justice Services to the issues identified in the report dated the 13th April 2016 of Her Majesty’s Chief Inspector of Prisons in respect of non-administration of prescribed medication was inadequate. It does not appear that there was a clear line of governance in respect of this matter. 7. Whether there is adequate training: i.) of discipline and clinical staff, including agency staff, to make them aware of the signs and dangers of opiate and alcohol withdrawal. ii.) of clinical staff in respect of the completion of opiate and alcohol withdrawal scales. ”

    Source location

    Natasha Learline CHIN · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 4 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Lack of follow-up and recording of prescribed medication non-attendance

    Wider context from the report

    “1. The prison officer with responsibility for the wing on which Miss Chin was resident was not privy to what medication she was prescribed nor when it should be administered. There is no system in place for consent to be obtained from prisoners for this information to be shared with discipline staff. 2. The Sodexo Justice Service Protocols in respect of opiate and alcohol withdrawal did not adequately mirror the National Protocols and were, in parts, unclear and difficult to comprehend. 3. Nurses failed to make any datix referrals in respect of missed medications. 4. The following matters have to date not been formally audited by Sodexo Justice Services: i.) Whether prisoners who do not attend for prescribed medications are followed up and the reason for non-attendance is properly recorded. ii.) Whether critical medication is administered on time. iii.) Whether proper observations are undertaken in line with national or local protocols in respect of opiate and alcohol withdrawal. iv.) Whether medical records on System 1 are accurately recorded. v.) Whether the Patient Guidance Directions in respect of prescribing by nurses are adhered to, and whether medical records are checked before any prescriptions are made by nurses pursuant to the directive. 5. As a consequence it is not possible for Sodexo Justice Services to know whether the matters raised in 4.(i) to (v) have been adequately addressed. 6. The response by Sodexo Justice Services to the issues identified in the report dated the 13th April 2016 of Her Majesty’s Chief Inspector of Prisons in respect of non-administration of prescribed medication was inadequate. It does not appear that there was a clear line of governance in respect of this matter. 7. Whether there is adequate training: i.) of discipline and clinical staff, including agency staff, to make them aware of the signs and dangers of opiate and alcohol withdrawal. ii.) of clinical staff in respect of the completion of opiate and alcohol withdrawal scales. ”

    Source location

    Natasha Learline CHIN · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 4 · concerns

    Open source report
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Data last updated 7 September 2026