First reported 5 Jan 2022•Latest report 30 Apr 2026
Definition
What this concern includes
Includes failures of controls specifically dedicated to immersion pulmonary oedema in diving, including diver and medical-professional awareness, training, recognition of symptoms, risk advice during HSE medicals and escalation or referral arrangements.
Not included
Excludes generic diving hazards, diving fitness certification and technical-diving medical-compliance failures where immersion pulmonary oedema is not the material concern.
Excludes generic medical training or awareness deficiencies unrelated to recognising or managing immersion pulmonary oedema in divers.
Excludes cold-water immersion, drowning and immersion-related hazards that do not specifically concern immersion pulmonary oedema.
Excludes clinical treatment failures after immersion pulmonary oedema has been reliably recognised and appropriately escalated.
Reports
3
Distinct published reports
Individual concerns
4
A report can raise multiple concerns
Date range
2022–2026
First to latest report issue date
Stated actions
10
Described in published responses
Reports over time
Reports over time
Reports about this concern issued each year.
* 2026 is projected from reports observed to 7 Sep 2026.
Most frequent recipients
Most frequent recipients
Reports about this concern sent to each recipient.
British Diving Safety Group2
Decathlon UK1
General Medical Council1
Health and Safety Executive1
National Trading Standards1
N.D.A.C. Limited1
St Richard's Hospital1
The Royal Society For The Prevention Of Accidents1
University Hospitals Sussex NHS Foundation Trust1
Private limited company2
Professional membership body2
Consumer protection enforcement body1
Health and care professional regulator1
Healthcare site1
NHS trust1
Registered charity1
Workplace safety regulator1
Concerns and responses across reports
Only concerns grouped under this recurring concern are included. Select any concern, action or position to view the source wording.
Berkshire
Concerns raised2
Lack of requirement for HSE medical doctors to confirm advice about immersion pulmonary oedema risks
Insufficient awareness of immersion pulmonary oedema risks for divers with high blood pressure
This report raised 3 other concerns. They are not shown here because they do not form part of this recurring concern.
Responses linked to these concerns
Each statement is shown once, even when linked to more than one concern.
Actions described in response An action is something a respondent says it has done, is doing, or plans to do in response to the concern raised.4
Action
Remind approved medical examiners of the importance of explaining diving implications of medical conditions, particularly when divers are found unfit for work.
Stated by Health and Safety ExecutiveStated plannedThe respondent said that this action was planned when they made their response on 25 June 2026.
Action
Continue promoting immersion pulmonary oedema risks through incident reports, publications, online channels, conferences, guidance, training, seminars and collaboration with water-safety organisations.
Stated by British Diving Safety GroupStated in progressThe respondent said that this action was in progress when they made their response on 25 June 2026.
Action
Integrate immersion pulmonary oedema guidance into the remaining Advanced Diver training programme as it is revised.
Stated by British Diving Safety GroupStated in progressThe respondent said that this action was in progress when they made their response on 25 June 2026.
Action
Publish a further immersion pulmonary oedema article and deliver a dedicated recorded webinar for professional members.
Stated by British Diving Safety GroupStated plannedThe respondent said that this action was planned when they made their response on 25 June 2026.
Respondent positions A position is what a respondent says about the concern when they do not describe a specific action.1
Position
Specific medical guidance for divers with high blood pressure should be provided by appropriately qualified medical professionals.
Stated by British Diving Safety GroupRedirects responsibilityThe respondent said that another organisation was responsible for deciding or taking action.
Surrey
Concerns raised1
Lack of medical-profession awareness and training on Immersion Pulmonary Oedema
This report raised 3 other concerns. They are not shown here because they do not form part of this recurring concern.
Responses linked to these concerns
Each statement is shown once, even when linked to more than one concern.
Respondent positions A position is what a respondent says about the concern when they do not describe a specific action.3
Position
Existing medical education and training equip UK doctors to assess and manage rare acute conditions, including Immersion Pulmonary Oedema.
Stated by Recipient name withheldExisting arrangements considered sufficientThe respondent said that existing arrangements were sufficient, so no further action was needed.
Position
No further specific education or training intervention is required because Immersion Pulmonary Oedema is rare and its presentation and immediate management resemble other emergencies.
Stated by Recipient name withheldNo action considered necessaryThe respondent said that no further action was needed.
Position
The level of training and medical education in Egypt is outside the respondent's jurisdiction, so it cannot comment on it.
Stated by Recipient name withheldOutside remitThe respondent said that this matter was outside its role or authority.
Gloucestershire
Concerns raised1
Lack of awareness of immersion pulmonary oedema risks among people participating in diving
This report raised 2 other concerns. They are not shown here because they do not form part of this recurring concern.
Responses linked to these concerns
Each statement is shown once, even when linked to more than one concern.
Actions described in response An action is something a respondent says it has done, is doing, or plans to do in response to the concern raised.6
Action
Provide IPO information to diving organisations and divers through the website, magazines and other publications.
Stated by United Kingdom Diving Medical Committee (UKDMCStated completedThe respondent said that this action was complete when they made their response on 10 January 2022.
Action
Provide IPO lectures for amateur divers and make recorded lectures freely accessible online.
Stated by United Kingdom Diving Medical Committee (UKDMCStated completedThe respondent said that this action was complete when they made their response on 10 January 2022.
Action
Work with the British Diving Safety Group and its subcommittee to increase awareness of IPO.
Stated by United Kingdom Diving Medical Committee (UKDMCStated in progressThe respondent said that this action was in progress when they made their response on 10 January 2022.
Action
Disseminate immersion pulmonary oedema risk information through conferences, incident reports, publications, websites, social media, webinars and water-safety engagement.
Stated by British Diving Safety GroupStated completedThe respondent said that this action was complete when they made their response on 10 January 2022.
Action
Produce and distribute guidance and refresher materials for divers and instructors addressing immersion pulmonary oedema.
Stated by British Diving Safety GroupStated completedThe respondent said that this action was complete when they made their response on 10 January 2022.
Action
Amend training materials and training programmes to teach immersion pulmonary oedema causes, presentation and distinguishing features.
Stated by British Diving Safety GroupStated completedThe respondent said that this action was complete when they made their response on 10 January 2022.
Respondent positions A position is what a respondent says about the concern when they do not describe a specific action.1
Position
Responsibility for current diving-operation safety arrangements lies with DTSL, the new operator, which should be contacted for further information.
Stated by NDAC LtdRedirects responsibilityThe respondent said that another organisation was responsible for deciding or taking action.
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Includes failures of controls specifically dedicated to immersion pulmonary oedema in diving, including diver and medical-professional awareness, training, recognition of symptoms, risk advice during HSE medicals and escalation or referral arrangements.
