Recurring concern

Unsafe reliance on agency staff for clinical staffing

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First reported 6 Mar 2014•Latest report 8 Feb 2026

Definition

What this concern includes

Includes material deficiencies in the use, deployment, competence assurance, induction, supervision or continuity of agency clinical staff where the report directly connects them to reliance on agency staffing as the shared unsafe condition.

Not included

  • Excludes permanent-staff shortages or general workforce problems not materially involving agency staffing.
  • Excludes isolated individual performance failures unless the report links them to agency staffing or the resulting reliance on agency workers.
  • Excludes unrelated reliance on external providers, untrained people, patients, families, questionnaires or other non-staffing controls.
Reports
22

Distinct published reports

Individual concerns
32

A report can raise multiple concerns

Date range
2014–2026

First to latest report issue date

Stated actions
62

Described in published responses

Reports over time

Reports over time

Reports about this concern issued each year.

* 2026 is projected from reports observed to 7 Sep 2026.

Most frequent recipients

Most frequent recipients

Reports about this concern sent to each recipient.

Department of Health and Social Care5
NHS England2
Barchester Healthcare Limited1
Care Quality Commission1
Cygnet Behavioural Health Limited1
Darnall Grange Nursing Home1
Essex Partnership University NHS Foundation Trust1
Frimley Health NHS Foundation Trust1
Frimley Park Hospital1
Hc-One Limited1
Home Office1
Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust1
Malhotra Family Holdings Limited1
Medway Maritime Hospital1
National Police Chiefs’ Council1

Concerns and responses across reports

Only concerns grouped under this recurring concern are included. Select any concern, action or position to view the source wording.

  1. Essex

    AI-generated summary

    Elise Kay Louise Sebastian · Prevention of Future Deaths report

    This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.

    Report summary

    Elise Kay Louise Sebastian tied a fatal ligature in her room on Longview Ward on 17 April 2021 and died two days later in hospital. The principal concerns included inadequate and falsified observations, insufficiently trained and staffed ward personnel, poor communication about ligaturing and self-harm, medication-recording errors, failures involving Oxevision, and other care and record-keeping deficiencies.

    Read the report on judiciary.uk

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Inexperienced ward staffing for detained children

    Wider context from the report

    “1. Mental Health Trust Staff on Longfield Ward: a. Elise was neurodiverse and staff were not trained in Autism b. were inexperienced. The majority were new bank and agency staff with limited experience working with detained children, and this matter had been raised by the Care Quality Commission about other Trust services in January 2021. c. Did not have sufficient staffing to conduct observations required by the doctors for patients on the ward. This was known to the mental health Trust management and had been raised by the ward manager. During the time of Elise’s admission, the staff member allocated for observations was required to conduct approximately 66 observations within an hour. This was not logistically possible. Management knew that staffing allocation on Longview Ward was not sufficient to conduct the required levels of observations to keep the patients safe. Evidence was heard during the inquest that there are still observations that are not being conducted either as required or at all within the Trust and remains an ongoing concern. Datix reporting incidents are not always raised. d. The mental health Trust implemented a system called Oxevision with a Project Board to assist with the planning and roll out of the new system. There were difficulties with the roll out on St.Aubyns ward who were part of the pilot, due to WiFi coverage and the Oxevision system not operating correctly. e. The clinical management at the Trust Project Board meeting overseeing the roll out for Oxevision, required that ward staff implement a procedure where the Oxevision fixed monitor in the ward office be observed by a member of staff whilst the WiFi problem was resolved. This did not happen on Longview Ward. f. The Trust Project Group had reports that WiFi was not working and any issues were required to be reported as incident reports on Datix forms but these were not being completed. The Trust Project Board did not question why they were not receiving the Datix forms with the known issues. There was no oversight of what was required to ensure that the roll-out was operating appropriately and/or what the Project Board expected in the interim whilst the WiFi difficulties were being investigated. g. Not all the Trust staff on the ward were trained to use the Oxevision System. h. There was disputed evidence about the volume on the fixed terminal for Oxevision in the office about whether the alert volume could be turned down or ‘muted’. It was established that there was no incident unrelated to Elise’s death where a doctor did turn this volume down on the ward. ”

    Source location

    Elise Kay Louise Sebastian · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 2 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Implement staffing controls requiring appropriately skilled and inducted bank and agency staff, supported by rota review and competency oversight.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “• A review of Rotas undertaken to ensure staffing requirements met including right staff with right training and competency skills.”

    Source location

    2026-0078 - Response from Essex University Partnership Trust
    Page 2 · response
    Published 13 February 2026

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Implement enhanced escalation and local induction processes when CAMHS roster requirements or staff competencies are insufficient.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “• The formulation of an enhanced escalation process when roster requirements are not met. This has been shared across all inpatient services.”

    Source location

    2026-0078 - Response from Essex University Partnership Trust
    Page 2 · response
    Published 13 February 2026

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Increase CAMHS staffing capacity and strengthen leadership through additional shift staff, retention premiums, new management and preceptor-support roles, and activity coordinators.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “• The provision of a retention premium for band 5’s posts”

    Source location

    2026-0078 - Response from Essex University Partnership Trust
    Page 2 · response
    Published 13 February 2026

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Continue developing CAMHS preceptorship and workforce planning, and use the Mental Health Optimal Staffing Tool across the Trust.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “• Work has continued to develop staff and the CAMHS Preceptorship programme in place, guided practice development framework, led by band 6 practice development role.”

    Source location

    2026-0078 - Response from Essex University Partnership Trust
    Page 3 · response
    Published 13 February 2026

    Open published response
  2. Gateshead and South Tyneside

    AI-generated summary

    Pauline Stirling · Prevention of Future Deaths report

    This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.

    Report summary

    Pauline Stirling, who had Alzheimer’s disease and Lewy Body Dementia, deteriorated with immobility, reduced nutritional intake and increased frailty before developing worsening pressure damage. She died on 7 March 2024 at Covent House Care Home in Gateshead; the inquest recorded chronic infection due to pressure damage on a background of natural disease. Concerns included inadequate wound monitoring and documentation, inconsistent positional changes and wound care, gaps in staff training, and ongoing record-keeping problems.

    Read the report on judiciary.uk

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Lack of evidenced training requirements for agency nurses

    Wider context from the report

    “2. Whilst evidence was provided about the training requirements for full time members of nursing and care staff, to include mandatory full induction and refresher training, I am concerned having heard evidence that to adhere to the ratio of 2 RGNs per shift, agency nurses were regularly utilised, and no evidence about training requirements was provided. ”

    Source location

    Pauline Stirling · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 2 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Reduce reliance on agency nursing staff through workforce measures.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “The Company has taken steps to reduce its reliance on agency staff. This is demonstrated by an 11.95% decrease in expenditure on agency staff between February 2024, when Mrs. Stirling was a resident in the Home, and October 2025. This reduction has been achieved despite the inflation in wages that have occurred throughout this time period, including the effect of two national minimum wage reviews. In real terms, this would equate to an additional 11-15%. Where agency nurses are needing to be engaged, the Company requires the agency to provide evidence of mandatory training compliance, ensuring that our agency colleagues meet and maintain the professional standards expected from our own employees prior to their arrival at the Home, so to allow the home manager to assess the same.”

    Source location

    Response from Malhotra Group
    Page 2 · response
    Published 14 October 2025

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Require agencies to provide evidence of mandatory training compliance before nurses work at the Home.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “The Company has taken steps to reduce its reliance on agency staff. This is demonstrated by an 11.95% decrease in expenditure on agency staff between February 2024, when Mrs. Stirling was a resident in the Home, and October 2025. This reduction has been achieved despite the inflation in wages that have occurred throughout this time period, including the effect of two national minimum wage reviews. In real terms, this would equate to an additional 11-15%. Where agency nurses are needing to be engaged, the Company requires the agency to provide evidence of mandatory training compliance, ensuring that our agency colleagues meet and maintain the professional standards expected from our own employees prior to their arrival at the Home, so to allow the home manager to assess the same.”

    Source location

    Response from Malhotra Group
    Page 2 · response
    Published 14 October 2025

    Open published response
  3. Manchester South

    AI-generated summary

    Bernard Lyon · Prevention of Future Deaths report

    This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.

    Report summary

    Bernard Lyon, who had dysphagia and was living at Hyde Nursing Home, developed sepsis and aspiration pneumonia and died at Tameside General Hospital on 30 January 2024. The report describes concerns about the nursing home's management capacity, staffing and adherence to his modified diet plan, as well as multi-agency oversight, communication with families, ambulance handover delays and delays in administering antibiotics in a very busy emergency department.

    Read the report on judiciary.uk

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Failure of agency staff to communicate effectively in English with residents and colleagues

    Wider context from the report

    “2. The home relied on agency staff who the inquest was told struggled to have sufficient grasp of the English language to understand instructions given and to communicate with residents. ”

    Source location

    Bernard Lyon · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 2 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Seek evidence that providers using agency staff have verified their training, skills and command of English.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “Where CQC identify that agency staff are being employed, we will seek evidence that the registered provider has carried out due diligence to be satisfied that the staff have been suitably trained and have the requisite skills, including command of English. Where we find this is not the case, we will raise this with the provider and this may constitute a breach of the regulation, with associated regulatory action.”

    Source location

    Response from CQC
    Page 4 · response
    Published 16 April 2025

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Publish guidance for social care providers on international recruitment and assessing care workers’ English-language competence.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “To support providers, the department published the ‘International recruitment toolkit for social care providers’ (International recruitment toolkit - March 2024), outlining the English language requirements and steps employers should take during the recruitment process to ensure care workers have the correct level of English language competence.”

    Source location

    Response from Department of Health and Social Care
    Page 3 · response
    Published 16 April 2025

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Implement more robust contract monitoring processes and quality visits across care homes.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “We have undertaken a review of the Commissioning Team structure and increased the number of quality monitoring officers. We are implementing more robust contract monitoring processes and quality visits to ensure we are working with all the homes more closely. This will identify any issues that may arise in relation to staffing, recruitment and language barriers.”

    Source location

    Response from Tameside Metropolitan Borough Council
    Page 1 · response
    Published 16 April 2025

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent position was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    The care provider is responsible for assessing agency staff’s English proficiency and ensuring their suitability for the role.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “Furthermore, there are immigration routes which permit individuals to work in the UK without needing to seek approval from the Home Office and do not have an English language requirement. Care providers are therefore responsible for ensuring that the individual speaks and reads to the standard required for the job.”

    Source location

    Response from Department of Health and Social Care
    Page 3 · response
    Published 16 April 2025

    Open published response
  4. South Yorkshire (Western)

    AI-generated summary

    Christiana Betty Dawson · Prevention of Future Deaths report

    This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.

    Report summary

    Christiana Betty Dawson, known as Betty, was a resident at Darnell Grange who experienced at least ten falls and died in hospital on 19 March 2024 after surgery for a fractured neck of femur and with frailty. The concerns included the management of her falls risk, her return to residential care despite acknowledged difficulties managing that risk, and agency staff not being provided with home-specific training, policies or procedures about moving residents after a fall.

    Read the report on judiciary.uk

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Lack of home-specific training for agency staff

    Wider context from the report

    “However, the Court also heard that the nurse involved in moving Betty into bed after her fall on 16 March 2024 was from an agency. The evidence was that agency nurses are not trained on, or provided with, policies and procedures from Darnell Grange and therefore the nurse would not have known the policy was not to move a resident after a fall but to keep them comfortable and preserve their dignity until medical assistance arrived. The Court heard it was presumed from their nursing training they would know not to move a resident after a fall. There is a clear risk of future deaths will occur if agency staff are not provided with home specific training, policies or procedures, not least given that it cannot be said whether the fracture was caused by the fall, or by moving Betty after the fall. ”

    Source location

    Christiana Betty Dawson · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 2 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Update agency-worker induction with falls protocols, the I STUMBLE tool and post-fall decision-making tool.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “We believe this addresses all the points highlighted by yourself as well as trying to clarify inaccuracies by third parties. We have included documentation including the original MAR Charts received every month, agency nurse induction which has been updated to include instumble and post fall protocol. If you would like a copy of the nurse/team leader attendance sheet this can be provided if required. There are only 2 members of the senior staff team that have not had the revised training session as they were both off sick and will have the training prior to them commencing back at work.”

    Source location

    Response from Darnell Grange Nursing Home
    Page 1 · response
    Published 16 October 2024

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Support new agency staff before shifts and complete existing agency staff attendance at the company’s training sessions.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “We believe this addresses all the points highlighted by yourself as well as trying to clarify inaccuracies by third parties. We have included documentation including the original MAR Charts received every month, agency nurse induction which has been updated to include instumble and post fall protocol. If you would like a copy of the nurse/team leader attendance sheet this can be provided if required. There are only 2 members of the senior staff team that have not had the revised training session as they were both off sick and will have the training prior to them commencing back at work.”

    Source location

    Response from Darnell Grange Nursing Home
    Page 1 · response
    Published 16 October 2024

    Open published response
  5. West London

    AI-generated summary

    Jack Peter Zarrop · Prevention of Future Deaths report

    This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.

    Report summary

    Jack Peter Zarrop, who had a history of mental-health difficulties, alcohol abuse and previous suicide attempts, died by suicide while in custody. The jury identified failures relating to referral to Liaison and Diversion services, opening an ACCT, access to relevant history, and removal of a bedsheet and closure of a hatch as main contributing factors. The report raised concerns about the use and training of Custodial Nurse Practitioners in police custody and the training of agency prison healthcare staff in the ACCT process.

    Read the report on judiciary.uk

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Failure to train agency healthcare staff in the ACCT process and the threshold for opening an ACCT

    Wider context from the report

    “2.    The training of agency staff in the ACCT process and recognising the appropriate threshold to open an ACCT. The training of agency staff in ACCT does not appear to be part of the commissioning process by NHS England and individual providers do not appear to provide training to agency staff in the ACCT process. This places residents in prison at risk of death, given the high level of usage of agency healthcare staff in prison. ”

    Source location

    Jack Peter Zarrop · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 2 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Write to Health and Justice regional teams sharing concerns and requesting action to ensure agency and bank staff access necessary joint training, including ACCT training.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “In response to the concerns noted, NHS England's National Director of Health & Justice, Armed Forces and Sexual Assault Services Commissioning, has written to Health & Justice regional teams sharing these concerns, asking commissioners to work with prison healthcare provider organisations and HMPPS locally, to ensure all staff, including agency and bank staff, have timely access to all joint training, including ACCT, that is necessary for them to undertake their role effectively within the prison environment. .”

    Source location

    Response from NHSE
    Page 2 · response
    Published 6 October 2023

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Take the report’s findings to the NHS England Health and Justice Delivery Oversight Group for oversight of the proposed training-access action.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “In addition, the findings in your report will be taken to the NHS England Health and Justice Delivery Oversight Group (HJDOG) in December 2023. The HJDOG is the senior leadership forum, which holds responsibility for the oversight of delivery and continuous improvement in Health and Justice commissioned services, through both the national and regional teams, with a focus on improving health outcomes and reducing variation across England. Regional teams will be asked to give assurance at the HJDOG meeting planned for June 2024, that the proposed action has been delivered and agency and bank staff have timely access to ACCT training.”

    Source location

    Response from NHSE
    Page 2 · response
    Published 6 October 2023

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Require regional teams to provide assurance at the planned Health and Justice Delivery Oversight Group meeting that agency and bank staff have timely access to ACCT training.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “In addition, the findings in your report will be taken to the NHS England Health and Justice Delivery Oversight Group (HJDOG) in December 2023. The HJDOG is the senior leadership forum, which holds responsibility for the oversight of delivery and continuous improvement in Health and Justice commissioned services, through both the national and regional teams, with a focus on improving health outcomes and reducing variation across England. Regional teams will be asked to give assurance at the HJDOG meeting planned for June 2024, that the proposed action has been delivered and agency and bank staff have timely access to ACCT training.”

    Source location

    Response from NHSE
    Page 2 · response
    Published 6 October 2023

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent position was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    HMPPS is responsible for overseeing effective ACCT training delivery at prison establishments, including ACCT case manager and assessor training.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “ACCT is the care planning process for prisoners identified as being at risk of suicide or self-harm, and training is provided by His Majesty’s Prisons and Probation Service (HMPPS). The ACCT process requires that certain actions are taken to ensure the risk of suicide and self-harm is reduced. The ACCT process is multi-disciplinary, involving”

    Source location

    Response from NHSE
    Page 1 · response
    Published 6 October 2023

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent position was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    NHS England is responding to concerns about prison healthcare staff training in the ACCT process.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “I understand too that NHS England is responding to your second matter of concern, relating to the training of prison healthcare staff in the ACCT process.”

    Source location

    Response from the Home Office
    Page 2 · response
    Published 6 October 2023

    Open published response
  6. West Yorkshire Eastern

    AI-generated summary

    Carol Ann Hatch · Prevention of Future Deaths report

    This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.

    Report summary

    Carol Ann Hatch underwent repeat hiatus hernia surgery at a private hospital on 31 August 2022 and became unwell overnight. She was transferred to an NHS hospital, treated for septic shock and organ failure for six weeks, and died on 18 October 2022. The report identifies concerns about overnight monitoring, escalation, staffing competence, record-keeping, and delays in investigations and treatment; evidence at the Inquest indicated that the failings contributed to her death.

    Read the report on judiciary.uk

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Failure to assure agency nurses’ competence, induction and handover

    Wider context from the report

    “2. Mrs Hatch was cared for during the night by an agency nurse who had not worked at the hospital previously. No records were produced to the Inquest to demonstrate she was (a) competent (b) had an induction to the hospital or (c) received a handover at the start of the shift. ”

    Source location

    Carol Ann Hatch · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 2 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Reliance on agencies to assess the competence of supplied clinical staff

    Wider context from the report

    “13. The Inquest was informed that Spire Healthcare Limited rely on agencies who supply clinical staff to assess their competence (whilst retaining a power of veto over any individual put forward). Given the importance of having competent nurses and doctors on duty overnight further consideration should be given to the methods by which professional competence is assessed and staff from agencies are engaged. ”

    Source location

    Carol Ann Hatch · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 2 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Share and discuss RCA findings with the nursing agency and implement a competency checklist signed by agency staff and the supplier.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “As part of the learning from this event, the team at Spire Leeds have shared and discussed the findings in the RCA with this nurse’s agency. The core supplier competency checklist includes requires that agency staff are competent in the management of the deteriorating patient. The new checklist must be signed by the candidate as well as the agency to ensure both are confirming the information is correct.”

    Source location

    Response from Spire Healthcare Limited
    Page 4 · response
    Published 7 July 2023

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Provide deteriorating-patient training to agency staff through the supplier competency process.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “As part of the learning from this event, the team at Spire Leeds have shared and discussed the findings in the RCA with this nurse’s agency. The core supplier competency checklist includes requires that agency staff are competent in the management of the deteriorating patient. The new checklist must be signed by the candidate as well as the agency to ensure both are confirming the information is correct.”

    Source location

    Response from Spire Healthcare Limited
    Page 4 · response
    Published 7 July 2023

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent position was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    The RMO’s agency was considered best placed to assess whether the incident was isolated or required wider performance action or GMC escalation.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “Evidence was heard at the inquest that consideration was given to referring the RMO to the GMC following this incident. The RMO’s skill set, and competency were discussed at a Scrutiny Panel on 17th February 2023 attended by hospital and senior clinical and medical management at Spire. It was concluded that the findings of the RCA and the known practice of the RMO did not meet the threshold for referral to the GMC. It was agreed that the hospital team would share the RCA with the RMO’s agency, which was completed on 16th March 2023. It was agreed that the RMO’s agency were best placed to assist us in understanding whether this was an isolated episode or not, whether there were any wider performance concerns that needed to be addressed or matters requiring escalation to the GMC.”

    Source location

    Response from Spire Healthcare Limited
    Page 8 · response
    Published 7 July 2023

    Open published response
  7. West Yorkshire Eastern

    AI-generated summary

    John Francis Heffron · Prevention of Future Deaths report

    This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.

    Report summary

    John Francis Heffron, a 50-year-old wheelchair user, was found confused in his flat and later suffered a cardiac arrest while alone in an A&E cubicle. There was a delay in initiating CPR, including delays in making a crash call and ascertaining his DNAR status; he was resuscitated but sustained a hypoxic brain injury and died in hospital. The concerns included bank and agency nursing staff’s familiarity with emergency procedures, training and induction, and the adequacy and independence of the Trust’s investigation.

    Read the report on judiciary.uk

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Failure to require nursing agencies to supply professionally qualified staff

    Wider context from the report

    “(9) It was unclear whether the Trust’s contractual arrangements with nursing agencies stipulate the requirement for those supplied to (a) be professionally qualified (b) have current training to specified standards and (c) have undergone appropriate induction to the ED. ”

    Source location

    John Francis Heffron · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 2 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Failure to require nursing agencies to supply staff who have undergone appropriate ED induction

    Wider context from the report

    “(9) It was unclear whether the Trust’s contractual arrangements with nursing agencies stipulate the requirement for those supplied to (a) be professionally qualified (b) have current training to specified standards and (c) have undergone appropriate induction to the ED. ”

    Source location

    John Francis Heffron · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 2 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Failure to require nursing agencies to supply staff with current training to specified standards

    Wider context from the report

    “(9) It was unclear whether the Trust’s contractual arrangements with nursing agencies stipulate the requirement for those supplied to (a) be professionally qualified (b) have current training to specified standards and (c) have undergone appropriate induction to the ED. ”

    Source location

    John Francis Heffron · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 2 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Failure to provide a suitable induction system for bank and agency staff to become familiar with the crash call system

    Wider context from the report

    “(6) It was unclear what steps had been taken by the Trust prior to 12 December 2021 to establish: (i) the nursing qualifications of bank and/or agency staff permitted to work in the ED (ii) whether bank and/or agency staff hold appropriate and current training in resuscitation procedures (iii) whether a suitable induction system was in place to ensure bank and/or agency staff were familiar with the crash call system ”

    Source location

    John Francis Heffron · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 2 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Lack of audits and spot checks verifying bank and agency nurses’ familiarity with crash call procedures

    Wider context from the report

    “(8) It is acknowledged that some additional refresher training has been carried out since this incident. There is, however, no system of audits, spot checks or dip testing to verify that bank and/or agency nurses are actually familiar with the essential procedures relating to crash calls. ”

    Source location

    John Francis Heffron · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 2 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Check for new temporary staff at every shift start and complete a signed first-shift induction covering emergency and resuscitation procedures, equipment locations and reporting processes.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “Following the patient’s death, and during the investigation into the care provided before it, the Trust identified deficiencies in the training provided for bank and agency staff about the crash call process used by the ED teams and action has been taken to address these.”

    Source location

    Response from The Leeds Teaching Hospital
    Page 3 · response
    Published 3 October 2022

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent position was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Existing qualification, training, induction, audit and spot-check arrangements are considered sufficient to ensure temporary ED staff understand emergency procedures.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “(6) In December 2021 the Trust followed a framework employment checklist for temporary workers on temporary assignments, to establish their qualifications and training prior to them starting work in the ED. This still remains the case. Staff allocated by the preferred provider to work in the EDs should only be staff with prior ED experience. Checks made cover the individual’s qualifications, skills and experience, their DBS status and completion of the Trust’s mandatory and priority training (including refresher training and updating); resuscitation training forms part of this. A CV is received for each candidate in order to verify skills and experience based on previous employment history.”

    Source location

    Response from The Leeds Teaching Hospital
    Page 3 · response
    Published 3 October 2022

    Open published response
  8. Berkshire

    AI-generated summary

    Angela Margaret O’Donnell · Prevention of Future Deaths report

    This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.

    Report summary

    Angela Margaret O’Donnell, who had advanced lung cancer, was admitted to hospital with confusion and pain and died in hospital on 14 January 2020. The report identifies incomplete NEWS charting and missed opportunities to escalate her deteriorating condition, while stating that this was not found to have caused her death. The principal concern was reliance on agency nurses, who may not receive the trust’s refresher training and related communications, in the context of wider nursing staff shortages.

    Read the report on judiciary.uk

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Reliance on agency nursing staff

    Wider context from the report

    “(1) Is the trust able to carry out any steps to reduce their reliance on agency nursing staff – for instance, by using nurses from a smaller pool of their own bank staff who receive the same training as permanent staff, or any other similar measures? This question is for the hospital trust. ”

    Source location

    Angela Margaret O’Donnell · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 2 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Continue targeted and general recruitment campaigns to increase the substantive nursing workforce.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “I will explain how we are aiming to reduce our reliance on agency nursing staff by:”

    Source location

    2021-0370-Response-from-Frimley-Park-Hospital_Published
    Page 2 · response
    Published 4 November 2021

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Provide trainee nursing associate and degree apprenticeship routes to develop nursing staff.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “We offer various training routes into registered nursing through Trainee Nursing Associate (TNA) and Degree Apprenticeship routes. Over the last few years we have successfully supported 50 Care Assistants through their Nursing Associate (NA) training and currently have a further 57 staff on their TNA programme. These programmes have continued to grow each year and it is hoped that this will help stabilise our substantive nursing workforce over the next three years and reduce our reliance on temporary staffing.”

    Source location

    2021-0370-Response-from-Frimley-Park-Hospital_Published
    Page 2 · response
    Published 4 November 2021

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Continue international nurse recruitment and provide recruited nurses with examination preparation, registration support and preceptorship.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “International recruitment forms a large part of our nursing recruitment activity, with 172 international nurses recruited in 2019/20 and around 200 so far in 2020/21. We have an ambition to increase our international nurse recruitment to around 400 nurses throughout 2022, with additional funding from NHSE/I to support this.”

    Source location

    2021-0370-Response-from-Frimley-Park-Hospital_Published
    Page 2 · response
    Published 4 November 2021

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Encourage substantive and former permanent staff to undertake shifts through the Trust’s staff bank.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “2. Encouraging our substantive staff to undertake bank shifts and increasing the number of ‘bank nurses’ we employ”

    Source location

    2021-0370-Response-from-Frimley-Park-Hospital_Published
    Page 3 · response
    Published 4 November 2021

    Open published response
  9. Mid Kent and Medway

    AI-generated summary

    Rodney Gates · Prevention of Future Deaths report

    This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.

    Report summary

    Rodney Gates, aged 84, was struck by an HGV while crossing a road and sustained a fracture of the right proximal femur. He deteriorated from bleeding while on a hospital ward and died on 6 April 2018 despite treatment and resuscitation attempts. Concerns included missed clinical observations, low nursing staffing levels, reliance on agency nurses, limited staff experience and skills, and insufficient equipment.

    Read the report on judiciary.uk

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Reliance on agency nurses

    Wider context from the report

    “(3) the reliance on agency nurses ”

    Source location

    Rodney Gates · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 2 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Develop a stable, experienced ward nursing team through recruitment and training to reduce agency-staff reliance.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “• There is an experienced Ward Manager in post since 2018, who has developed a stable and experienced team with considerable consistent success in recruitment and training reducing agency usage in this area”

    Source location

    2021-0070-Response-from-Medway-Maritime-Hospital-Redacted
    Page 2 · response
    Published 12 March 2021

    Open published response
  10. Inner North London

    AI-generated summary

    Cecilia EDWARDS · Prevention of Future Deaths report

    This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.

    Report summary

    Cecilia Edwards was admitted to Whittington Hospital on 26 September 2020 with a severe right elbow infection and died there two weeks later. The report identified concerns that a category 3 pressure ulcer was not referred promptly to a tissue viability nurse, that many visiting nurses were agency staff without clear protocols, and that nursing visits were not routinely coordinated with carers, resulting in incomplete care on some occasions.

    Read the report on judiciary.uk

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Lack of clear protocols integrating agency district nurses into the organisation

    Wider context from the report

    “2. 60% of the district nurses who visited Cecilia Edwards were agency nurses. This is obviously undesirable in itself, although I recognise that it may be very difficult to address. That notwithstanding, the district nurse team manager giving evidence in court agreed with Ms Edwards’ niece (herself a former district nurse and health visitor, and her auntie’s longstanding advocate) that clear protocols would raise standards, make mistakes less likely and bring the agency staff in as part of the organisation. Ultimately this would improve patient care. ”

    Source location

    Cecilia EDWARDS · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 2 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    High proportion of district nursing care provided by agency nurses

    Wider context from the report

    “2. 60% of the district nurses who visited Cecilia Edwards were agency nurses. This is obviously undesirable in itself, although I recognise that it may be very difficult to address. That notwithstanding, the district nurse team manager giving evidence in court agreed with Ms Edwards’ niece (herself a former district nurse and health visitor, and her auntie’s longstanding advocate) that clear protocols would raise standards, make mistakes less likely and bring the agency staff in as part of the organisation. Ultimately this would improve patient care. ”

    Source location

    Cecilia EDWARDS · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 2 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Revise daily handovers to include temporary staff and a specific pressure-ulcer management item, with regular senior-nurse monitoring.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “In addition, the daily handover process has been revised to ensure that all teams across the service have allocated time to attend, including temporary staff. Handover also now includes a specific item for pressure ulcer management. The District Nursing Leads (senior nurses) are monitoring handover on a regular basis to ensure the changes are embedded.”

    Source location

    2021-0049-Response-from-Whittington-Hospital-Redacted
    Page 2 · response
    Published 26 February 2021

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Recruit substantive and bank district-nursing staff through local and international recruitment.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “Work is also ongoing to recruit to the District Nursing service, both for substantive roles and on the Bank, both locally and internationally. The Trust actively works with agency staff who are regular workers to consider joining the organisation as permanent employees and they are offered several flexible options to meet their personal circumstances. Vacancies are monitored through the Trust divisional reporting structure and at the Trust workforce committee.”

    Source location

    2021-0049-Response-from-Whittington-Hospital-Redacted
    Page 2 · response
    Published 26 February 2021

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Work with regular agency staff to support their transition into permanent employment through flexible options.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “Work is also ongoing to recruit to the District Nursing service, both for substantive roles and on the Bank, both locally and internationally. The Trust actively works with agency staff who are regular workers to consider joining the organisation as permanent employees and they are offered several flexible options to meet their personal circumstances. Vacancies are monitored through the Trust divisional reporting structure and at the Trust workforce committee.”

    Source location

    2021-0049-Response-from-Whittington-Hospital-Redacted
    Page 2 · response
    Published 26 February 2021

    Open published response
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Data last updated 7 September 2026