Recurring concern

Inadequate control of self-harm items in inpatient settings

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First reported 6 Jan 2014•Latest report 27 May 2026

Definition

What this concern includes

Includes deficiencies in dedicated inpatient controls for self-harm items, including room and belongings checks, searches after leave, seizure or removal, and restrictions on hazardous items or materials.

Not included

  • Excludes failures of patient observation or supervision that are not specifically about controlling self-harm items.
  • Excludes clinical risk assessment, care planning or communication failures unless they directly concern control of self-harm items.
  • Excludes generic staff training, staffing or documentation deficiencies not specifically tied to this item-control system.
  • Excludes hazards unrelated to self-harm items.
Reports
11

Distinct published reports

Individual concerns
11

A report can raise multiple concerns

Date range
2014–2026

First to latest report issue date

Stated actions
11

Described in published responses

Reports over time

Reports over time

Reports about this concern issued each year.

* 2026 is projected from reports observed to 7 Sep 2026.

Most frequent recipients

Most frequent recipients

Reports about this concern sent to each recipient.

Oxford Health NHS Foundation Trust3
NHS England2
Care Quality Commission1
Department of Health and Social Care1
Essex Partnership University NHS Foundation Trust1
Leeds and York Partnership NHS Foundation Trust1
Mid and South Essex NHS Foundation Trust1
NHS Cumbria Clinical Commissioning Group1
NHS Surrey and Sussex Integrated Care Board1
North Cumbria Integrated Care NHS Foundation Trust1
Resuscitation Council UK1
Rotherham Doncaster and South Humber NHS Foundation Trust1
South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust1
Sussex Partnership NHS Foundation Trust1

Concerns and responses across reports

Only concerns grouped under this recurring concern are included. Select any concern, action or position to view the source wording.

  1. Essex

    AI-generated summary

    Abigail Louise SMITH · Prevention of Future Deaths report

    This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.

    Report summary

    Abigail Louise Smith was found at Braintree Recreation Ground on 15 February 2022 after attempting to suspend herself; resuscitation was unsuccessful and she was pronounced deceased at 00:08 on 16 February 2022. The report identifies concerns about inadequate trained staffing and observation, unsuitable care arrangements, access to ligature materials, insufficient risk assessments and care plans, communication adjustments for autism and learning disability, and an unsafe discharge from hospital.

    Read the report on judiciary.uk

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Failure to prevent access to ligature materials

    Wider context from the report

    “3. Abbi at times had to be physically and chemically restrained due to the level of distress and harm to herself. During her admissions Abbi was able to access ligature material that she tied around her neck on multiple occasions over multiple days including her socks, cords from her clothing and pull cords in the bathroom. There were no appropriate care plan and risk assessments to mitigate a significant known risk. ”

    Source location

    Abigail Louise SMITH · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 3 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Implement enhanced supervision and engagement policy with risk-level assessment, staffing escalation, supervision handovers, daily review and family or carer involvement.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “I understand that the Court has been provided with an updated copy of the Trust’s Policy for Enhanced Supervision and Engagement. This policy strengthens our assessment and guidance for patients requiring enhanced supervision as per the attached tool.”

    Source location

    Response from Mid & South Essex NHS Foundation Trust
    Page 2 · response
    Published 13 August 2026

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Require ligature risk assessments, including consideration of clothing as ligature material, with documented rationale and mitigating actions where items remain.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “I am aware that the Court has been provided with an updated copy of the Trust’s Policy for Ligature and Self Harm Awareness.”

    Source location

    Response from Mid & South Essex NHS Foundation Trust
    Page 2 · response
    Published 13 August 2026

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Perform environmental risk assessments for clinical and non-clinical areas before placing potentially at-risk patients there.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “Our Policy for Ligature and Self Harm Awareness require environmental risk assessments to be performed in regard to clinical and non-clinical areas. These risk assessments are considered by staff before placing a potentially at-risk patient within the area.”

    Source location

    Response from Mid & South Essex NHS Foundation Trust
    Page 3 · response
    Published 13 August 2026

    Open published response
  2. Essex

    AI-generated summary

    Elise Kay Louise Sebastian · Prevention of Future Deaths report

    This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.

    Report summary

    Elise Kay Louise Sebastian tied a fatal ligature in her room on Longview Ward on 17 April 2021 and died two days later in hospital. The principal concerns included inadequate and falsified observations, insufficiently trained and staffed ward personnel, poor communication about ligaturing and self-harm, medication-recording errors, failures involving Oxevision, and other care and record-keeping deficiencies.

    Read the report on judiciary.uk

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Unsecured ligature-risk items in the presence of high-risk patients

    Wider context from the report

    “6. Detained patients including Elise were not kept under observations by trained staff and mealtimes were chaotic with patients moving between areas without the required supervision. On 17 April the activity co-ordinator left a box of mobile phone chargers and headphones that posed a ligature risk, with a member of ward staff in a communal area, asking that she look after this whilst he collected some takeaway food that had been ordered by patients from the ward entrance. On his return, the box was unattended in the presence of patients with a high risk of ligature and suicide, with no member of ward staff present to keep patients who required level 2 and level 3 observations. This was not reported to the nurse in charge, and no incident report was completed. Evidence was that there were many new staff and that breaches of procedure were a regular occurrence. This left patients at risk. Evidence was heard that patients are still being left without the required observations since this death. ”

    Source location

    Elise Kay Louise Sebastian · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 4 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Improve CAMHS incident learning through ABC-format Datix records, staff training, action recording and ligature-risk categorisation.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “▪ Training with preceptor nurses as part of induction”

    Source location

    2026-0078 - Response from Essex University Partnership Trust
    Page 8 · response
    Published 13 February 2026

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent position was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Environmental risks cannot be eliminated entirely, so safety work is limited to minimising risks without introducing restrictive practice.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “There are a range of potential environmental risks on all wards. The Trust has a set of Environmental Standards to minimise risks and utilise reduced ligature products but it is not possible to eliminate all risks. Part of environmental risk mitigation is the observation level assigned to each person, based on that individual persons risks. Observation is about having a presence and engaging with patients and to empower staff to be curious and knowledgeable of the risks and mindful of the complexities of each individual patient.”

    Source location

    2026-0078 - Response from Essex University Partnership Trust
    Page 10 · response
    Published 13 February 2026

    Open published response
  3. Surrey

    AI-generated summary

    Sandra Kirk · Prevention of Future Deaths report

    This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.

    Report summary

    Sandra Kirk was found unresponsive in the ensuite bathroom of her bedroom at Cygnet Hospital on 2 August 2021 and was declared deceased after resuscitation attempts were unsuccessful. The inquest found that she died from asphyxia due to a ligature around her neck. Concerns included inadequate guidance on identifying and removing potential ligatures, including items of clothing, and the limited risk reduction provided by observation intervals.

    Read the report on judiciary.uk

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Lack of guidance for identifying and minimising potential ligatures, including hazardous clothing

    Wider context from the report

    “- The evidence in this inquest was that Cygnet’s Ligature Risk Reduction Policy and the Ligature Audit Tool/Ligature Risk Assessment are standard documents used by Mental Health inpatient providers, including NHS Psychiatric Trusts. - The Ligature Risk Reduction Policy quotes the CQC guidance of 2015, that “Three-quarters of people who kill themselves whilst on a psychiatric ward do so by hanging or strangulation”. - Whilst these documents provide detailed guidance in respect of minimising ligature anchor points, they do not give guidance as to minimising potential ligatures themselves, which are defined as “Any item which can be used to make a loop or noose with the intention of limiting the supply of oxygen to an individual by hanging or asphyxiation”. - Rather than emphasising the very real risk that specific items of clothing, ████████, can pose to vulnerable patients, the document places emphasis on avoiding ‘blanket restrictions’ which does not assist in identifying where the real risks lie. - Death by the use of a ligature is likely to occur within a few minutes, whereas observations for a high-risk patient not assessed as being in immediate crisis, will generally be carried out four times in every hour, which therefore provides only a limited degree of risk reduction. Consideration should be given as to efficacy of such a policy and whether this can be improved by recognising that some items of clothing will be more obvious ligature risks and may need to be removed in all cases. ”

    Source location

    Sandra Kirk · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 3 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this respondent position was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Cygnet’s Ligature Risk Reduction Policy and Ligature Audit Tool are outside NHS England’s remit.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “In respect of the specific concerns in your Report regarding Cygnet’s Ligature Risk Reduction Policy and Ligature Audit Tool / Risk Assessment, these are outside of NHS England’s remit and are more matters for Cygnet to action, which is why our previous response did not fully address the same. However, I can confirm that NHS England”

    Source location

    Response from NHS England (2)
    Page 1 · response
    Published 7 October 2022

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent position was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Cygnet is responsible for addressing its Ligature Risk Reduction Policy and Ligature Audit Tool.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “In respect of the specific concerns in your Report regarding Cygnet’s Ligature Risk Reduction Policy and Ligature Audit Tool / Risk Assessment, these are outside of NHS England’s remit and are more matters for Cygnet to action, which is why our previous response did not fully address the same. However, I can confirm that NHS England”

    Source location

    Response from NHS England (2)
    Page 1 · response
    Published 7 October 2022

    Open published response
  4. Buckinghamshire

    AI-generated summary

    Amanda Gibbens · Prevention of Future Deaths report

    This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.

    Report summary

    Amanda Gibbens died on 13 July 2020 at Stoke Mandeville Hospital after suffering a cardiac arrest while detained under Section 2 of the Mental Health Act at Ruby Ward. The concerns included the use of a monitor rather than continuous direct observation during Level 3 observations and ineffective bedroom searches for prohibited items that could be used for self-harm.

    Read the report on judiciary.uk

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Failure to conduct effective bedroom searches for prohibited self-harm items

    Wider context from the report

    “2. Searching bedrooms on Ruby ward for prohibited items The evidence in this case demonstrated that the deceased had prohibited items in her bedroom on Ruby Ward, including a ████████ ████████ The search of the patient environment in July 2020 was not effective in identifying and removing items which could be used for self-harm by a detainee patient under the Mental Health Act, who was at risk of self harm. The evidence heard at the time of the inquest in February 2022 was that the bedroom searching process does not always include looking into or underneath a patient’s property in their room for concealed items, although some changes to the method and recording of searches are intended. A previous Report to Prevent Future Deaths to the Trust dated April 2019 also identified that the search process on Ruby ward was not effective. ”

    Source location

    Amanda Gibbens · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 2 · concerns

    Open source report
  5. West Yorkshire Eastern

    AI-generated summary

    Alexandra Jane Tolley · Prevention of Future Deaths report

    This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.

    Report summary

    Alexandra Jane Tolley, aged 20, was detained in a psychiatric hospital and absconded while being escorted in the hospital grounds on 27 October 2019. She was found in cardiac arrest and died at hospital the following day. Concerns included instructions not to restrain or follow her, the informal approval of ground leave without documented criteria, and the continued use of similar absconding instructions despite an ongoing risk of further deaths.

    Read the report on judiciary.uk

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Availability of wound-dressing materials usable for self-harm

    Wider context from the report

    “7. Ms Tolley was found with a ████████ made from ████████ used some time earlier to dress a self-inflicted wound. She had twice before used such ████████ as ████████: (1) earlier the same day and (2) three days previously- 24 October. Consideration should be given to the types of ████████ used at the Becklin Centre, with a view to selecting a type which could not serve as a ████████. ”

    Source location

    Alexandra Jane Tolley · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 2 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Scope alternative wound-covering options and contact other mental health trusts to capture and share relevant practice.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “We acknowledge that Ms Tolley had previously used her ████████. The ward team considered this along with the risk that her wound would become infected. Further learning is that the Ward Team could have requested guidance and support from the Trusts Physical Health Team to support them in considering the prevention of infection and the types of bandages that could have been used as an alternative.”

    Source location

    2021-0344-Response-from-Leeds-and-York-Partnership-NHS-Foundation-Trust_Published
    Page 5 · response
    Published 18 October 2021

    Open published response
  6. Brighton and Hove

    AI-generated summary

    Bethany Tengquist · Prevention of Future Deaths report

    This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.

    Report summary

    Bethany Tengquist hanged herself on 29 December 2018 after two telephone charging cables had been removed from her room but her dressing gown cord remained available. The report raises concerns that room checks and the removal of dangerous items were incomplete and flawed, and that staff may not have been properly trained.

    Read the report on judiciary.uk

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Incomplete and flawed checks and removal of dangerous items from patient rooms

    Wider context from the report

    “During the course of the Pre-Inquest reviews it has become apparent that vulnerable patients are continuing to self-harm. The checks which are made and the removal of items which are considered dangerous to patients is clearly incomplete and flawed. The example with regard to Bethany Tengquist concerns the fact that on the 29th December 2018 when she hanged herself – a short time before she was found, two telephone charging cables were removed from her room and yet her dressing gown cord was left available for her to use to hang herself. Clearly the system in place to carry out these room checks is unsatisfactory and/or staff are not properly trained to do them. Please tell me precisely how you are going to put this right. ”

    Source location

    Bethany Tengquist · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 1 · concerns

    Open source report
  7. Buckinghamshire

    AI-generated summary

    Emma Felicity BUTLER · Prevention of Future Deaths report

    This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.

    Report summary

    Emma Butler was an inpatient at Ruby Ward who died at Stoke Mandeville Hospital from blood loss after incised wounds inflicted outside the Whiteleaf Centre while she was on unescorted leave. The report raised concerns about access to means of self-harm on and outside the ward, hourly observations, urgent access to ward support, and planning for discharge.

    Read the report on judiciary.uk

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Failure of searching and seizure processes to prevent introduction of self-harm materials after unescorted leave

    Wider context from the report

    “(2) Access to means of self-harm from outside the ward. The processes for searching and seizing potential self-harm material after return from unescorted leave did not prevent items being brought in from the outside at risk to the particular patient, other patients and staff and the evidence regarding the extent of strip or other searches from staff members was variable. The risk of items being brought onto the ward from outside for use by that patient or others remains where the system for searching and the nature and extent of that search has not prevented the introduction of such items. The understanding of and compliance with specific conditions of leave in the context of searches was unclear. ”

    Source location

    Emma Felicity BUTLER · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 2 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Review and update the policy governing searches of patients and their belongings, including risk-based search guidance and training access.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “████████ in his evidence used the term “strip search”, but what ████████ intended by the term, i.e. whether he intended to prescribe what a layperson would understand as a “strip search”, was not explored in evidence. The use of the term does not reflect the Trust’s policy. We agreed that the policy relating to the search of patients and their belongings ought to be updated, and that it ought clearly to set out the hierarchy of searching based on the dynamic assessed risk, as assessed by staff. There is clear instruction available to staff on ‘rub down’ searching, but no guidance on how to carry out a more extensive search, nor where training could be accessed for the same. It was suggested that a review of the Searching of Patients and their Belongings policy be undertaken. The policy is due before the Trust Quality Committee Clinical Effectiveness Sub-Committee in September 2019.”

    Source location

    2019-0133-Response-by-Oxford-Health-NHS-Trust
    Page 2 · response
    Published 14 June 2019

    Open published response
  8. Oxfordshire

    AI-generated summary

    Liam Thomas · Prevention of Future Deaths report

    This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.

    Report summary

    Liam Thomas died on 28 August 2016 after being found in a shower room at Littlemore Hospital with plastic bags over his head; he was pronounced dead at hospital, and the cause of death was asphyxiation. The principal concerns were access to plastic bags and other items posing a personal risk, the effectiveness of environmental safety checks, and communication between hospital staff and Liam’s family about information and elevated risk.

    Read the report on judiciary.uk

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Failure to prevent access to plastic bags as restricted items on the ward

    Wider context from the report

    “In relation to the first concern, about plastic bags as restricted items on the ward, the sad fact is that Liam was able to take his own life because he had access to plastic bags. They were Sainsbury’s bags. He attended Sainsbury’s on Section 17 leave two days prior to his death. There was evidence that these bags were taken from him on return to the ward. It could not be ascertained if this was correct and whether the bags which Liam used were bags which he obtained on the trip to Sainsbury’s or whether the bags were obtained in some other way on the ward. I understand there have been improvements in the system in relation to plastic bags in particular. I appreciate however that the problem of plastic bags is not straight forward, particularly when one takes into account the fact that many patients are informal patients and are free to leave and return and that visitors may also bring plastic bags when visiting. I understand that there are clear warnings that plastic bags are restricted items at the entrance to the ward and that steps are taken to bring this to the attention of visitors. It would be helpful if I could be provided with further details about the steps that are in place. ”

    Source location

    Liam Thomas · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 2 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Issue and enforce guidance requiring staff to remove plastic bags at reception or supervise their removal and disposal.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “Plastic bags are a restricted item on all wards. There are posters displaying this in the ward reception areas, and on several points inside the wards. Staff are requested to draw all visitors and patients attention to this and to remove any restricted items before anyone enters the ward environment. Plastic bags are a very common item, and are regularly brought to the ward. Mr Thomas’ sad death drew our attention to the fact that there had been an inconsistent approach to managing this across our wards. Some staff were removing the bags at reception, but at other times visitors (especially regular visitors) were asked to take the items to the patient’s room and then return the bag to the nursing office, but there was no way of checking if this had been done. Following this incident clear guidance was issued to”

    Source location

    2017-0347-Response-by-Oxford-Health-NHS-Trust
    Page 1 · response
    Published 5 February 2018

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Record restricted-item advice and handover confirmations in visitors’ signing-in books and monitor completion weekly.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “We have added a column to the visitors’ signing in book for staff to confirm that all visitors and returning patients have been advised about restricted items and asked to hand over any such items they may be bringing on to the ward. Staff will be required to complete this, which will be monitored by matrons weekly by checking the visitor’s book, at the same time as the monitoring of environmental checks.”

    Source location

    2017-0347-Response-by-Oxford-Health-NHS-Trust
    Page 2 · response
    Published 5 February 2018

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Provide paper bags on wards as a safe alternative for transporting items.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “In addition, we looked at alternative safe ways for patients and visitors to bring items on to the wards, and ordered paper bags to be available on all wards as an alternative to carrying items in plastic bags. Staff will offer this as an alternative to visitors at the reception area, and for patients who bring back items when they enter the ward.”

    Source location

    2017-0347-Response-by-Oxford-Health-NHS-Trust
    Page 2 · response
    Published 5 February 2018

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Add restricted-item advice to admission packs and staff checklists, with monthly matron audits.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “The advice on restricted items on wards has also been added to the Admission Information packs, and included on the admission check list for staff to complete. Admission checklists are audited by the ward matrons on a monthly basis.”

    Source location

    2017-0347-Response-by-Oxford-Health-NHS-Trust
    Page 2 · response
    Published 5 February 2018

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Implement a standard operating procedure and weekly management review for recording daily environmental checks.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “A new standard operating procedure (SOP) for carrying out environmental checks was devised and an example of the form is included at appendix 1.”

    Source location

    2017-0347-Response-by-Oxford-Health-NHS-Trust
    Page 2 · response
    Published 5 February 2018

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent position was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    The Trust does not record every item entering or leaving patient lockers because doing so would be extremely labour intensive.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “I note that, in your covering letter to the Regulation 28 report, you also raised queries regarding the processes surrounding the removal and return of risk items from patients, for example at times of heightened risk. Specifically you enquired whether it is recorded when items are removed from or returned to patients. Patients may access their secure lockers on a frequent basis throughout the day, and are always observed by staff when doing so, recording all items going in and out of lockers would be extremely labour intensive, however when banned items are found and removed from patients this is recorded in their clinical notes.”

    Source location

    2017-0347-Response-by-Oxford-Health-NHS-Trust
    Page 4 · response
    Published 5 February 2018

    Open published response
  9. South London

    AI-generated summary

    Christopher Brennan · Prevention of Future Deaths report

    This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.

    Report summary

    Christopher Brennan, aged 15, was a patient at an adolescent psychiatric unit and died on 31 August 2014 after swallowing the lid of a roll-on deodorant, causing acute upper airway obstruction and cardiac arrest. The report identified concerns about the lack of clear and consistent guidance for managing items that could be used for self-harm and the absence of a laryngoscope from the unit’s emergency equipment.

    Read the report on judiciary.uk

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Lack of adequate policy or guidance for assessing and managing self-harm risks from items on adolescent psychiatric units

    Wider context from the report

    “(1) In respect of the in-patient management: that there was no separate policy or guidance, other than a partial wall chart, regarding the assessment and management of risks posed by items that might be used to cause self harm. The complexities of managing these risks on an adolescent in-patient psychiatric unit were not therefore adequately considered, and this led to a lack of clarity and consistency. ”

    Source location

    Christopher Brennan · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 2 · concerns

    Open source report
  10. South and East Cumbria

    AI-generated summary

    James Edward Boylan · Prevention of Future Deaths report

    This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.

    Report summary

    James Edward Boylan, who had a history of anxiety and was admitted to a mental health unit, died by hanging using a phone charger cord and a bathroom rail. The concerns included removable bathroom rails creating a ligature point, insufficient searching of patients’ property, access to a cord, and failures in recognising and communicating the escalation of his condition.

    Read the report on judiciary.uk

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Failure to remove removable bathroom rails except when required

    Wider context from the report

    “(1) Removable rails in a bathroom designed for use by disabled people had been left inadvertently ever since the unit was opened. No one seemed to be aware that these rails were removable and certainly nobody had removed them. This provided a ligature point which would otherwise have been absent in a unit which was specifically designed to have as few ligature points as possible. The Coroner is concerned that this same situation may apply in other units and people need to be aware that ligature points in mental health units should be limited as far as humanly possible, and specifically that removable rails should be removed except when actually required. ”

    Source location

    James Edward Boylan · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 1 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this respondent position was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    The Cumbria Partnership NHS Foundation Trust is responsible for addressing the four concerns relating to events on the Dova Unit.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “I note that you have also addressed your report to the Cumbria Partnership NHS Foundation Trust and I would expect them to properly address the four concerns relating to events during Mr Boylan’s time on the Dova Unit at Furness General Hospital.”

    Source location

    2014-0253-Response-by-Department-of-Health
    Page 2 · response
    Published 6 June 2014

    Open published response
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Data last updated 7 September 2026