Recurring concern

Failure to provide clinically indicated psychiatric admission

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First reported 13 Dec 2013•Latest report 24 Nov 2025

Definition

What this concern includes

Includes failures to consider, offer, arrange or provide psychiatric hospital admission when a person's mental state, risk, symptoms or clinical needs indicate that admission should be considered or provided, including failure to admit despite patient or family requests where admission is clinically indicated.

Not included

  • Excludes general hospital-admission delays or bed-capacity shortages unless the assertion specifically concerns a clinically indicated psychiatric admission decision or provision.
  • Excludes failures in psychiatric assessment, treatment, observation, discharge or follow-up where psychiatric admission is not the deficient control.
  • Excludes refusals or non-admission decisions where the report does not identify that psychiatric admission was clinically indicated.
  • Excludes failures confined to referral or crisis-team access when the unsafe condition is not failure to offer or provide psychiatric admission.
Reports
12

Distinct published reports

Individual concerns
12

A report can raise multiple concerns

Date range
2013–2025

First to latest report issue date

Stated actions
26

Described in published responses

Reports over time

Reports over time

Reports about this concern issued each year.

* 2026 is projected from reports observed to 7 Sep 2026.

Most frequent recipients

Most frequent recipients

Reports about this concern sent to each recipient.

Department of Health and Social Care5
NHS England5
NHS Birmingham and Solihull Integrated Care Board2
Avon and Wiltshire Mental Health Partnership NHS Trust1
Birmingham and Solihull Mental Health NHS Foundation Trust1
Birmingham City Council1
Care Quality Commission1
Epsom Hospital1
Greater Manchester Mental Health NHS Foundation Trust1
Health and Care Professions Council1
Health Services Safety Investigations Body1
NHS Greater Manchester Integrated Care Board1
NHS South West London Integrated Care Board1
Norfolk and Suffolk NHS Foundation Trust1
North London NHS Foundation Trust1

Concerns and responses across reports

Only concerns grouped under this recurring concern are included. Select any concern, action or position to view the source wording.

  1. Surrey

    AI-generated summary

    Diana Ocean Grant · Prevention of Future Deaths report

    This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.

    Report summary

    Diana Ocean Grant, who was experiencing a relapse of paranoid schizophrenia and symptoms of psychosis, died in her prison cell after a foreign object became lodged in her upper airway. The report identified concerns about failures and delays in mental health assessment, treatment, information-sharing, observation and prison placement, as well as the limited availability of secure mental health beds for people requiring admission.

    Read the report on judiciary.uk

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Requirement for pre-planning before secure mental health unit admission

    Wider context from the report

    “The concern arises in relation to persons who are judged to need immediate admission to a mental health unit for assessment and/or treatment, but who are also judged to need admission to a secure unit because they are dangerous to others, whether by reason of being under arrest for, or charged with, a serious criminal offence or otherwise. The evidence I received established that, despite changes made since the Deceased’s death, including the recent introduction of NHS England’s “Mental Health Crisis Care for Londoners: London’s Section 136 Pathway and Health Based Place of Safety Specification”, it remains extremely unlikely that such a person will be granted immediate admission to a secure mental health unit. This is principally because of the restricted capacity of the secure mental health unit estate, but also because of an expectation that some element of pre-planning will take place before such an admission occurs. Consequently, for many persons in the circumstances described above, detention in prison prior to transfer to a secure mental health unit continues to be unavoidable. The evidence I heard at the inquest suggested that although the expectation, in those circumstances, is that transfer from prison to hospital should take place within 28 days, the low availability of beds actually results in transfers taking, on average, as long as 80 to 90 days. Detention in prison of persons requiring mental health unit admission raises a concern for risk of death. The evidence I heard established that this is because a mental health patient’s needs cannot be fully met in prison, even in a prison’s health care wing. This is by reason of the fact that there is a material difference in the physical environment, the nursing and therapeutic regimes, and the access to psychological and other therapeutic treatments. Further, whilst medication and treatment can be given compulsorily in hospital, that is not the case in prison. The witness from whom I heard, stated that he was not aware of any work or review currently being undertaken to address the lack of capacity within the secure mental health unit estate or to address how the above risk may be resolved or managed. ”

    Source location

    Diana Ocean Grant · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 6 · concerns

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    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Map emergency admission arrangements across adult forensic provider collaboratives, including out-of-hours access.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “NHS England’s Adult Forensic Services Team are currently mapping arrangements across all 15 Adult Secure Provider Collaboratives for emergency admissions to an adult forensic bed, including out of hours, to understand variation across England.”

    Source location

    Response from NHS England
    Page 3 · response
    Published 1 December 2025

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    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Develop a national adult forensic Access Assessment Services specification requiring emergency adult forensic bed admission arrangements, including out-of-hours access.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “Using this information, and in collaboration with relevant stakeholders, we are developing a new national service specification for Access Assessment Services (for adult forensic services), that will include a requirement that arrangements are in place for emergency admissions to an adult forensic bed, including out of hours.”

    Source location

    Response from NHS England
    Page 3 · response
    Published 1 December 2025

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    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Launch and maintain a national database of adult forensic Access Assessment Services with referral and out-of-hours contact information.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “We have also created a database of Access Assessment Services (for adult forensic services) across England, that includes the direct contact information for referrals and urgent referrals, and out of hours contact information. This has now been launched and is accessible via the NHS Futures Collaboration Platform.”

    Source location

    Response from NHS England
    Page 3 · response
    Published 1 December 2025

    Open published response
  2. Surrey

    AI-generated summary

    Tracey Ostler · Prevention of Future Deaths report

    This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.

    Report summary

    Tracey Ostler, who had severe Emotionally Unstable Personality Disorder and a history of self-harm and overdoses, took an overdose and cut her wrists on 12 June 2023. After paramedics attended her home on 16 June following a further overdose, they left her there after deciding she had capacity to refuse hospital treatment; she was later found unconscious and died in hospital on 18 June 2023. The principal concerns were inadequate capacity assessment and clinical consultation, failures to share information and coordinate mental-health and ambulance care, the absence of multi-agency safety planning, and insufficient psychiatric hospital beds.

    Read the report on judiciary.uk

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Lack of psychiatric hospital beds resulting in prolonged emergency department detention

    Wider context from the report

    “Lack of Psychiatric Hospital Beds in Surrey and arrangements for detaining patients assessed to require Mental Health Act section in the Emergency Department of Epsom General Hospital: , Addressed to Epsom General Hospital, Surrey and Borders Partnership , South West London Integrated Care Board and the Secretary of State for Health and Social Care 1. I heard evidence that there is an acknowledged concern in Epsom General Hospital’s emergency department that patients with psychiatric presentations, who are assessed to require compulsory admission under the Mental Health Act 1983, are detained without being under section in the emergency department awaiting psychiatric beds. The longest wait by such a patient in these circumstances has been 6 weeks. There have been up to 10 psychiatric patients at any one time being held in the emergency department awaiting a psychiatric bed. 2. I remain concerned that there in no plan to stop this practice and that therefore: a.) Psychiatric patients in an acute state are being held in an unsuitable environment without access to appropriate ward based care under a multi-disciplinary psychiatric team. b.) One to one nursing is meant to be provided by mental health nurses however, there are not always available and emergency department staff who are not trained in mental health nursing provide the nursing to them. This reduces the number of nurses available for physical health care nursing and means nurses from the wrong discipline and experience are caring for acute psychiatric patients. c.) The emergency department environment is noisy and confusing and inimical to the health and recovery of psychiatric patients. d.) The patients cannot be detained under the Mental Health Act 1983 whilst in the emergency department. There is a significant risk that some of them are being detained unlawfully, without recourse to the legal safeguards provided by the Mental Health Act 1983. In addition, they do not have a Responsible Clinician. e.) Medical staff make decisions about how to prevent these patients leaving the department if they decide to leave, instructing security staff to prevent this, using powers said to derive under common law which I was told was a grey area. f.) The ability of the emergency department to fulfil the needs of their physically ill patients is significantly compromised by this arrangement. g.) There is an acknowledged risk that psychiatric patients being cared for in the emergency department are under the care of both medical and psychiatric teams which can impact decision making and obscure who has ultimate responsibility for the patient. ”

    Source location

    Tracey Ostler · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 4 · concerns

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    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Increase the number of funded inpatient mental health beds for the Trust’s population.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “The Trust has taken steps to mitigate the demand for beds at a local level, including by embedding Operational Pressures Escalation Levels (OPEL) procedures into practice, recent investment in an increased number of funded beds for the Trust’s population, and improvement work aimed at reducing the length of inpatient stay.”

    Source location

    Response from NHS Surrey and Borders Partnership NHS Foundation Trust
    Page 1 · response
    Published 13 August 2025

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    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Continue improving service flow, aligning operational processes and reducing unnecessary inpatient delays and length of stay.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “The Trust has taken steps to mitigate the demand for beds at a local level, including by embedding Operational Pressures Escalation Levels (OPEL) procedures into practice, recent investment in an increased number of funded beds for the Trust’s population, and improvement work aimed at reducing the length of inpatient stay.”

    Source location

    Response from NHS Surrey and Borders Partnership NHS Foundation Trust
    Page 1 · response
    Published 13 August 2025

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    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Continue the Mind and Body Provider Collaborative improvement programme with acute care partners, using clinical, escalation and risk-management frameworks.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “Further improvement work continues through the Mind and Body Provider Collaborative, which is a programme of work chaired by our Chief Nursing Officer and undertaken with our acute care partners.”

    Source location

    Response from NHS Surrey and Borders Partnership NHS Foundation Trust
    Page 1 · response
    Published 13 August 2025

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    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Provide daily escalation and weekly executive oversight of patients awaiting psychiatric admission through collaboration with SABP and the ICB.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “The Trust works collaboratively with SABP to ensure that these delays are kept to a minimum. Every patient awaiting psychiatric admission is subject to daily escalation through Trust site meetings and concerns are raised with SABP and the ICB. Executive led weekly meetings between the Trust and SABP provides further oversight of plans for mental health patients at the Trust. The Trust continues to advocate for timely transfer to inpatient psychiatric units recognising that ED cannot provide the ward-based, multidisciplinary care these patients require.”

    Source location

    Response from Epsom General Hospital
    Page 3 · response
    Published 13 August 2025

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    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Maintain regular cross-boundary system calls and agreed escalation arrangements between Epsom General Hospital and mental health providers.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “The cross-boundary arrangement at EGH requires coordination between the two mental health providers (SABP and SWLStG) and the two commissioners (SW London ICB and Surrey & Borders ICB). Routine actions underway include regular system calls and agreed escalation arrangements between EGH and mental health providers.”

    Source location

    Response from NHS South West London Integrated Care Board
    Page 3 · response
    Published 13 August 2025

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    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Work with the commissioned mental health trust to improve the urgent care pathway, maximise appropriate crisis alternatives, and reduce delays in accessing inpatient beds.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “SW London works closely with SWLSTG to address delays in the urgent care pathway and minimise delays in access to beds. This work is focused on both improving the inpatient pathway and maximising use of crisis alternatives where appropriate and able to meet patient needs. Such services include the 24/7 crisis lines, ‘111 press 2 for mental health service’, community-based crisis cafés, and Home Treatment Teams.”

    Source location

    Response from NHS South West London Integrated Care Board
    Page 3 · response
    Published 13 August 2025

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    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Use the assessment outputs to identify pathway gaps, support future commissioning and winter planning, and produce tailored improvement plans for mental healthcare delivery.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “The outputs of this work will identify gaps within current pathways and support future commissioning plans, including winter planning. It will also provide tailored improvement plans aimed at enhancing mental healthcare delivery within SWLSTG and reducing demand and delays in emergency departments across SW London.”

    Source location

    Response from NHS South West London Integrated Care Board
    Page 3 · response
    Published 13 August 2025

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    How this respondent position was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Providing mental health care for patients without physical health needs is outside the Trust’s commissioned remit.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “Epsom and St Helier University Hospitals NHS Trust is an acute trust, offering inpatient physical healthcare services at Epsom Hospital and St Helier Hospital. For patients within our locality, mental health services are provided by Surrey and Borders Partnership NHS Foundation Trust (‘SABP’). Whilst we are not commissioned to provide care for patients who do not have physical health needs, we acknowledge and are mindful of the situation that is faced across the country where the demand for mental health services far exceeds the availability. We work collaboratively with our partners in SABP to provide care for patients whilst they remain in the Trust. I welcome the opportunity to respond to your concerns on behalf of the Trust.”

    Source location

    Response from Epsom General Hospital
    Page 2 · response
    Published 13 August 2025

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    How this respondent position was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Surrey and Borders Partnership provides local mental health services, while NHS Surrey Heartlands ICB commissions those services.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “NHS Surrey Heartlands ICB (‘the ICB’) is the responsible ICB for the geographical area in which the Trust sits. It is responsible for commissioning the mental health care provision for the population within its geographical area.”

    Source location

    Response from Epsom General Hospital
    Page 2 · response
    Published 13 August 2025

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    How this respondent position was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Individual trusts and local health systems are responsible for assessing and managing local psychiatric bed capacity.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “We expect individual trusts and local health systems to effectively assess and manage local bed capacity through the ‘flow’ of patients being discharged or moving to another setting.”

    Source location

    Response from Department for Health and Social Care
    Page 1 · response
    Published 13 August 2025

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    How this respondent position was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Surrey patients’ psychiatric beds are commissioned by Surrey Heartlands ICB from Surrey and Borders Partnership NHS Foundation Trust.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “Psychiatric beds for patients who require inpatient care and present at the emergency department at Epsom General Hospital (EGH) are commissioned separately depending on GP registration. SW London patients are admitted to South West London & St George’s NHS Mental Health Trust (SWLStG), commissioned by SW London ICB. Surrey patients are admitted to Surrey and Borders Partnership NHS Foundation Trust (SABP), commissioned by Surrey Heartlands ICB.”

    Source location

    Response from NHS South West London Integrated Care Board
    Page 3 · response
    Published 13 August 2025

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    How this respondent position was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Individual trusts and local health systems are responsible for assessing and managing local psychiatric bed capacity.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “We expect individual trusts and local health systems to effectively assess and manage local bed capacity through the ‘flow’ of patients being discharged or moving to another setting.”

    Source location

    Response from Department for Health and Social Care
    Page 1 · response
    Published 13 August 2025

    Open published response
  3. Inner North London

    AI-generated summary

    Abdullah Popalzai · Prevention of Future Deaths report

    This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.

    Report summary

    Abdullah Popalzai was a remand prisoner at HMP Pentonville who was found hanging in his cell on 29 November 2019, and his death was confirmed by paramedics. He had acute psychosis and required transfer to a psychiatric unit, but no suitable bed was available for a prolonged period. The principal concern was that acutely psychotic prisoners refusing treatment were being left untreated and at risk of deterioration because suitable psychiatric hospital beds were not becoming available in a timely way.

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    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Unavailability of suitable psychiatric hospital bed spaces in a timely way

    Wider context from the report

    “1) Prisoners who are acutely psychotic and refusing treatment that requires transfer to hospital under the Mental Health Act are being left untreated and at risk of further deterioration due to a shortage of suitable psychiatric hospital bed spaces becoming available in a timely way. ”

    Source location

    Abdullah Popalzai · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 3 · concerns

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    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Increase timely access to psychiatric hospital beds and provide earlier identification, treatment and support for people in custody who need mental healthcare.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “NHS England is committed to ensuring access to timely, responsive, and least restrictive mental health care and is already working to address this in this area by focusing on increasing access to hospital beds pre-sentence, rather than prison being used as a place of safety.”

    Source location

    Response from NHS England
    Page 1 · response
    Published 14 February 2024

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    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Address concerns and lessons identified in the HMIP review of delays transferring mentally unwell prisoners.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “His Majesty’s Inspectorate of Prisons (HMIP) recently published the report The long wait: A thematic review of delays in the transfer of mentally unwell prisoners which outlines similar issues. NHS England is also addressing the areas of concern and lessons learnt within this report.”

    Source location

    Response from NHS England
    Page 2 · response
    Published 14 February 2024

    Open published response
  4. Cornwall and Isles of Scilly

    AI-generated summary

    Nicolas Gerasimidis · Prevention of Future Deaths report

    This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.

    Report summary

    Nicolas Gerasimidis had a history of mental illness manifesting as OCD and anxiety, which deteriorated despite referrals and treatment arrangements. He was found hanged at his home address on 3 June 2023, and the inquest recorded a conclusion of suicide. Concerns included community mental health referrals being rejected, shortages of care coordinators and consultants, a one-year waiting list for psychological treatment, lack of hospital bed availability, and shortcomings in information provided to his family.

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    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Unavailability of hospital beds for informal admission

    Wider context from the report

    “The Trust’s Patient Safety Review identified the following concerns: - When Mr Gerasimidis was referred by his GP to the community mental health team, he was screened out, in part, due to challenging staffing issues; - No care coordinator was appointed owing to a shortage of staff; - The Trust had and continues to have vacancies at consultant level; - The family was wrongly advised the Trust was not commissioned to treat OCD; - The family was not informed of a nearest relative’s right under the Mental Health Act to request a case review by an AMHP; - Psychological treatment in the form of Cognitive Behavioural Therapy with Exposure Response Prevention had a waiting list of one year; - In May 2023, when it was felt Mr Gerasimidis required an informal admission into hospital, no beds were available. The difficulties with staff recruitment and bed availability are long term problems in the Cornwall coroner area. The Patient Safety Review suggests Cornwall has fewer beds for its population than other areas. It is the persistent or recurring nature of these concerns that leads me to believe action should be taken. ”

    Source location

    Nicolas Gerasimidis · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 2 · concerns

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    Source evidence

    How this respondent position was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    The ICB considers its commissioned mental health bed capacity appropriate because it matches the national median per 100,000 population.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “The response from NHS Cornwall and Isles of Scilly Integrated Care Board (the ICB) is focused on your concern around the availability of beds and the transformation work underway more locally. The ICB reports that their commissioning of mental health beds is in line with the national median number of beds per 100,000 population which is 9.45. has advised that its contract with Cornwall Foundation Partnership Trust (CFT) specifies 54 acute mental health beds, however, data shows that there were 47 operational at the date of Mr Gerasimidis' sad death. This remains the situation today. The CFT has 7 closed Acute beds and 6 closed Rehab beds. These beds cannot be reinstated due to environmental issues which are being challenged through CFT Private Finance Initiative contract at the highest level, with the CFT Chief Executive.”

    Source location

    Response from DHSC
    Page 2 · response
    Published 12 February 2024

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    How this respondent position was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    The ICB relies on alternative solutions to mitigate the impact of closed mental health beds.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “The ICB are aware of these bed closures and have been assured by CFT that the impact had been mitigated with alternative solutions”

    Source location

    Response from DHSC
    Page 2 · response
    Published 12 February 2024

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    How this respondent position was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Closed acute and rehabilitation beds cannot be reinstated because of environmental issues being challenged through the provider’s contract.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “The response from NHS Cornwall and Isles of Scilly Integrated Care Board (the ICB) is focused on your concern around the availability of beds and the transformation work underway more locally. The ICB reports that their commissioning of mental health beds is in line with the national median number of beds per 100,000 population which is 9.45. has advised that its contract with Cornwall Foundation Partnership Trust (CFT) specifies 54 acute mental health beds, however, data shows that there were 47 operational at the date of Mr Gerasimidis' sad death. This remains the situation today. The CFT has 7 closed Acute beds and 6 closed Rehab beds. These beds cannot be reinstated due to environmental issues which are being challenged through CFT Private Finance Initiative contract at the highest level, with the CFT Chief Executive.”

    Source location

    Response from DHSC
    Page 2 · response
    Published 12 February 2024

    Open published response
  5. Avon

    AI-generated summary

    Ami Louise Mitchell · Prevention of Future Deaths report

    This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.

    Report summary

    Ami Louise Mitchell was under the care of AWP Trust with suicidal ideation from March to May 2022 and died by hanging on 31 May 2022. The report raises concerns that, despite delusions, hallucinations, intrusive thoughts of killing her partner and children, and requests for admission, no formal diagnosis was made and there was no escalation in management or admission.

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    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Failure to admit a patient when admission is requested and clinically indicated

    Wider context from the report

    “Ms. Mitchell was under the care of AWP Trust with suicidal ideation from March to May 2022 until she hung herself on 31st May 2022. Throughout this period she presented regularly and persistently with a) delusions; b) auditory hallucinations (including command); c) visual hallucinations; d) intrusive thoughts of killing her partner and children; e) her and her family requesting admission Despite this a) No formal diagnosis was made; b) No escalation in management or admission took place. ”

    Source location

    Ami Louise Mitchell · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 1 · concerns

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    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Ensure crisis care and treatment plans specify management escalation, including possible admission where appropriate.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “The trust will achieve improvement in this area in part by the previous improvement around diagnosis, which will clearly support the escalation of a pathway. The Clinical lead for South Gloucestershire will also ensure that all care and treatment plans (Crisis Plans) have a clear expectation of management escalation including possible admission if relevant. This might include clarity on escalation to admission if deemed appropriate.”

    Source location

    Response from Avon and Wiltshire Mental Health Partnership
    Page 2 · response
    Published 9 November 2022

    Open published response
  6. Inner West London

    AI-generated summary

    Valeria Munoz Biggs · Prevention of Future Deaths report

    This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.

    Report summary

    Valeria Munoz Biggs died on 20 September 2019 after jumping in front of a train at Holland Park Underground Station while suffering agitated depression, possibly on the bipolar spectrum. The report identified concerns including underestimation of her suicide risk, inadequate engagement with and support for her family, missed planned visits, delayed psychiatric assessment, insufficient consideration of hospital admission, and treatment not in line with guidance.

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    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Failure to consider appropriate admission

    Wider context from the report

    “3. That where appropriate admission should be considered to diagnose, and treat the patient and manage risk of self-harm. ”

    Source location

    Valeria Munoz Biggs · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 3 · concerns

    Open source report
  7. Norfolk

    AI-generated summary

    Peter Frosdick · Prevention of Future Deaths report

    This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.

    Report summary

    Peter Frosdick, who had cirrhosis and was experiencing paranoid thinking, extreme anxiety and irrational behaviour, died by hanging in his garage. The concerns raised included that his mental health was not adequately assessed beyond his alcohol dependence, that home treatment or hospital admission was not offered or explored, and that teams appeared unfamiliar with each other’s referral criteria and dismissed his GP’s concerns.

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    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Failure to offer hospital admission when indicated

    Wider context from the report

    “(2) His mental state was not classed as a psychiatric illness and since he did not fit neatly under a label he was not taken on. When seen by the Crisis Home Resolution Treatment Team, home treatment was not offered or explored. His mother states that hospital admission was not offered and a referral to Wellbeing Services should have been made but wasn't. ”

    Source location

    Peter Frosdick · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 1 · concerns

    Open source report
  8. Birmingham and Solihull

    AI-generated summary

    Nigel Byron Abbott · Prevention of Future Deaths report

    This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.

    Report summary

    On 27 July 2018, Nigel Byron Abbott was killed in a sustained assault by a man experiencing an acute psychotic episode who had been identified as posing a threat of violence but was not detained after mental health beds were reported to be unavailable. The report raised concerns about agencies misunderstanding the urgent use of section 135 powers and failing to work together effectively, potentially leaving acutely unwell people who pose risks to themselves or others unnecessarily free in public.

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    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Failure to use section 4 for urgent cases

    Wider context from the report

    “Summary of Concerns In summary, the evidence raised five generic on-going matters of concern. The consequence is that acutely unwell people who need to be detained, because of the risk they pose to themselves and others, will remain unnecessarily free in public when in fact the agencies have the mechanism to detain them. The five generic on-going matters of concern: (1) The agencies involved in this area are not working together effectively and there is a misunderstanding around the Joint Memorandum of Understanding for Mental Health Professional Requesting Police Assistance with Mental Health Act Assessments. (2) There continues to be a chronic shortage of resources within the mental health services in Birmingham and Solihull. In particular, mental health professionals are operating caseloads well in excess of recommended levels and there is a chronic shortage of psychiatric beds. (3) Birmingham and Solihull CCG have not provided section 140 beds for BSMHFT. (4) Whilst section 4 is available to be used, it is not used. (5) The Home Treatment Standard Operational Procedure is inadequate to safeguard patients in the community who have been initially assessed and deemed detainable but are waiting in the community for a bed. This procedure is inconsistent with the corresponding safeguards for fully assessed and detained patients waiting in the community for a bed. ”

    Source location

    Nigel Byron Abbott · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 10 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Determine management arrangements for Section 136 cases.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “3.7 In relation to Section 136 matters, the agencies are working to determine the management of these cases. This is likely to comprise a criterion for cases to be identified for urgent admission, with non-urgent cases being managed with positive risk processes and diversion to least restrictive options wherever possible.”

    Source location

    2019-0284-Response-by-Birmingham-and-Solihull-CCG
    Page 2 · response
    Published 18 October 2019

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent position was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Existing policies, clinical discretion and monitoring are considered sufficient safeguards for the exceptional use of Mental Health Act Section 4.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “14 Whilst section 4 is available to be used, it is not used.”

    Source location

    2019-0284-Response-by-Birmingham-and-Solihull-CCG
    Page 6 · response
    Published 18 October 2019

    Open published response
  9. Birmingham and Solihull

    AI-generated summary

    Michael Paul Wheeler · Prevention of Future Deaths report

    This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.

    Report summary

    Michael Paul Wheeler died after jumping from a fourth-floor window at his brother’s home on 26 July 2018, following increasing paranoia and bizarre behaviour. The principal concerns were that he was not reviewed by a psychiatrist, had no treatment plan, and had no planned review on 26 July; broader concerns were raised about pressures on mental health services, including the availability of urgent psychiatric reviews and inpatient beds.

    Read the report on judiciary.uk

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Unavailability of inpatient mental health beds for patients requiring inpatient treatment

    Wider context from the report

    “2. The Coroner is aware, although not from evidence obtained in respect of Mr. Wheeler’s case as the inquest is yet to take place, that inpatient beds within the BSMHFT who are currently operating at 109% capacity and are often not available. Consequently, patients who would otherwise have been offered in-patient treatment, are having to be managed by the HTTs. Partly as a consequence of this but partly due to other pressures the demand on the HTTs is often too great to enable them to visit all patients requiring a visit in any one day. One particular problem in the Birmingham and Solihull area is that the occurrence of psychosis is more than 3 times higher than the national average. It is understood that the Trust is exploring options to expand its HTT service but funding is required. ”

    Source location

    Michael Paul Wheeler · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 1 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Commission independent system modelling to identify solutions and investment priorities for mental-health demand and capacity.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “5.4.1 An independent system simulation modelling exercise, which was jointly commissioned with FTB and BSMHFT, to develop an informed response on the best solutions to address the demand and where investment should be prioritised. This followed a sharp increase in demand for inpatient beds in 2016.”

    Source location

    Birmingham-and-Solihull-CCG-Response
    Page 4 · response
    Published 4 October 2018

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Commission an independent review of inpatient journeys to identify alternatives to admission and reduce avoidable discharge delays.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “5.4.2 An independent review of patients’ journeys into and out of inpatient mental health beds was commissioned by the STP. The review considered whether alternatives to admission could have been used and whether patients stayed in hospital longer than necessary. The review found that in both cases, improvements could be made to help avoid unnecessary admissions and reduce the time taken to discharge patients.”

    Source location

    Birmingham-and-Solihull-CCG-Response
    Page 4 · response
    Published 4 October 2018

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Support delayed-transfer initiatives through funded Section 117 care packages and escalation calls with providers and social-work teams.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “5.4.3 Supporting operational initiatives to reduce delayed transfers of care, where CCG funding of individual packages of care under Section 117 (jointly funded packages of health and social care) are required to facilitate discharge from hospital.”

    Source location

    Birmingham-and-Solihull-CCG-Response
    Page 4 · response
    Published 4 October 2018

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Provide additional investment to expand commissioned mental-health service capacity and provision.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “5.4.8 In 2017/18 providing additional investment in mental health services above the contract value amounting to £4,611,000 for BSMHFT (3.7% increase) and £6,235,000 for FTB (22.6% increase).”

    Source location

    Birmingham-and-Solihull-CCG-Response
    Page 5 · response
    Published 4 October 2018

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Continue supporting out-of-area NHS and independent hospital admissions when locally commissioned beds are unavailable and admission is necessary.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “5.4.5 Continuing to support the use of admissions to other NHS mental health trusts within the MERIT Vanguard³ and to independent hospitals, where no locally commissioned beds are available, and an admission is deemed necessary.”

    Source location

    Birmingham-and-Solihull-CCG-Response
    Page 5 · response
    Published 4 October 2018

    Open published response
  10. London Greater (East)

    AI-generated summary

    Joshua Knox-Hooke · Prevention of Future Deaths report

    This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.

    Report summary

    Joshua Knox-Hooke, a 22-year-old man with psychosis and recent drug use, attended North Middlesex Hospital on 1 December 2014 after cutting his neck and wrist and saying he wanted to kill himself. He left before psychiatric assessment and was later found deceased, partly immersed in Danbury reservoir; the inquest concluded that he died from drowning. Concerns included failure to keep him within eyesight in accordance with hospital policy and wider issues around patients leaving before psychiatric assessment and the handling of the incident.

    Read the report on judiciary.uk

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Failure to admit patients whose presentation requires hospital admission following psychiatric referral

    Wider context from the report

    “5. The consultant psychiatrist who gave evidence at the Inquest Hearing confirmed that Joshua had been referred to him on the morning of the 1st December 2014, the presentation at that time would have resulted in him being admitted to hospital (with or without his consent). ”

    Source location

    Joshua Knox-Hooke · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 2 · concerns

    Open source report
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Data last updated 7 September 2026