Epilepsy, 19 Sep 2013 – 19 Jun 2026

Epilepsy-related Prevention of Future Deaths reports

All dates19 Sep 2013 – 7 Sep 2026

Custom range

Based on PFD publication date. Dates are available up to the published snapshot: 7 Sep 2026. Preset periods end on this date.

90All reports 19SUDEP 68Non-SUDEP

Select SUDEP or Non-SUDEP to filter concerns and reports. 3 reports could not be assigned and remain in All only. Counts are PFD reports, not deaths.

About this dataset

We searched all 6,433 reports in the published corpus using a fixed text-search method, then assessed 317 candidates against source-based inclusion criteria. Ninety reports were included. Epilepsy had to be materially relevant to the death or a substantive coroner’s concern; incidental mentions were excluded.

Eligibility and SUDEP assignment were assessed with GPT-5.6 Sol and checked for valid source quotations. Assignment uses a balance-of-probabilities threshold: SUDEP or non-SUDEP must be more likely than not on the report’s evidence. The exact term SUDEP need not appear. Genuinely unclear eligible reports remain in All only. These are model-assisted documentary assessments, not independently validated clinical diagnoses.

The search can miss reports with sparse terminology or incomplete source text. This dataset does not represent all epilepsy deaths. Recurring concerns and responses are taken from the existing published evidence. Published corpus snapshot: 7 September 2026. Cohort selection updated 5 November 2026. The title shows the first and last included reports’ publication dates.

Reports over time

Matching reports published each year within the selected date range.

* 2026 is projected from reports observed to 7 Sep 2026.

Most frequent recipients

Matching reports sent to each recipient.

NHS England2
National Institute for Health and Care Excellence2
Practice Plus Group2
Royal College of General Practitioners2
Department of Health and Social Care1
HM Prison and Probation Service1
Joint Royal Colleges Ambulance Liaison Committee1
Pentonville Prison1
Royal College of Emergency Medicine1
Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health1
Royal College of Physicians1
Stockport Borough Council1

Most commonly raised concerns

SUDEP 19 reports 19 Sep 2013 – 7 Sep 2026

Reset
  1. Unreliable seizure care and managementControls dedicated to recognising, assessing, monitoring, responding to and managing seizures are not reliably provided.5 reportsSelected
  2. Failure to provide timely clinical follow-up after medication prescribingPrescribed medication is not reliably followed up for effectiveness, safety, collection, adherence and patient response.2 reportsSelected
  3. Inadequate staff competence to provide first aidReports identify an unsafe first-aid capability condition across healthcare, care, custody and other staff. The recurring concern is the unreliability of staff competence to recognise emergencies and provide appropriate first aid, rather than any single training, refresher, assessment or practical-performance failure.2 reportsSelected
  4. Incomplete, inaccurate or unavailable clinical and care recordsClinical and care records are incomplete, inaccurate, inconsistent, unavailable or otherwise unreliable for safe care.2 reportsSelected
  5. Unreliable hospital discharge processesHospital discharge does not reliably bring together planning, clinical readiness, relevant organisations, safe execution and required follow-up.2 reportsSelected
  6. Unreliable management of medication doses not takenThe anchor identifies missing guidance for monitoring prescribed medication that self-administering patients do not take when dispensed. A different report identifies inconsistent procedures for responding when service users refuse or do not take medication. Together these support a recurring concern with the reliability of detecting, monitoring and escalating omitted or refused medication doses, rather than a concern limited to one guidance document or one home's procedure.2 reportsSelected
  7. Unsafe cell-sharing decisions for prisonersRecurring deficiencies in the prison cell-sharing risk system can leave prisoners exposed to unsafe pairings or prevent them from understanding changes affecting their cell-sharing status.2 reportsSelected
  8. Unsafe interoperability between prison custody and healthcare proceduresReports identify failures in the bounded interface between prison custody, contracted custody providers and healthcare services, where procedures, responsibilities and safety-relevant information do not operate together reliably.2 reportsSelected

Reports matching this classification and recurring concern

19 Sep 2013 – 7 Sep 2026 · 5 reports

Classification: sudepRecurring concern: Unreliable seizure care and management
Reset

Only concerns related to the selected recurring concern and their linked actions and positions are shown. Other concerns are counted within each report.

Actions and positions describe what recipients stated in published responses. Select a statement to read its source wording.

  1. East London

    AI-generated summary

    Andrew Ewin-Ripp · Prevention of Future Deaths report

    This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.

    Report summary

    Andrew Ewin-Ripp, who had epilepsy, suffered a fit at home on 1 November 2022, was found in cardiac arrest, and died in hospital on 4 November 2022. The reported cause of death was sudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP). Concerns included lengthy waits for neurology care, the absence of clear guidance and systems for monitoring, discharge information, and urgent review after seizure recurrence.

    Read the report on judiciary.uk

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Lack of guidance on contacting the secondary care team after recurrent seizures

    Wider context from the report

    “There are believed to be around 500-600 SUDEP deaths in the UK each year. SUDEP deaths are common in young adults. The waiting times for outpatient neurology appointments is in the region of 9 months for the trust concerned. The inquest heard from an independent expert that it is not unusual to have waiting times of more than 6 months for outpatient neurology appointments. In the context of these lengthy waiting times, the following matters were of particular concern: (1) GP practices are not required to carry out annual reviews of epilepsy patients, as they are, for other chronic diseases. The independent consultant neurologist considered that annual reviews by general practitioners would provide an excellent safety net to prevent future SUDEP deaths. The reviews could incorporate checks on compliance with medication; reviews of any seizure activity and reminder of ways to reduce the risk of seizures. (2) There is clear national guidance in relation to how quickly patients should be seen following a first seizure, but no clear guidance around the longer-term monitoring of patients with epilepsy. How soon after the last seizure is it safe to discharge a patient? There is no clear guidance on this. (3) After discharge from the secondary care team, there was no clear guidance provided in relation to the importance of maintaining full compliance with medication even if seizure free for a very long period; the importance of notifying the GP and/or the secondary care team about the recurrence of any seizure activity or clear guidance on how best to make contact with the secondary care team in the event of recurrence of seizures. There was no system in place, or guidance, requiring practitioners to ensure that this essential information is passed to patients on discharge. (4) There was no care pathway for incorporating urgent reviews in neurology clinics in response to patients reporting concerns, such as a return of seizures or not tolerating medication. ”

    Source location

    Andrew Ewin-Ripp · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 3 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Lack of discharge guidance on maintaining medication compliance despite prolonged seizure freedom

    Wider context from the report

    “There are believed to be around 500-600 SUDEP deaths in the UK each year. SUDEP deaths are common in young adults. The waiting times for outpatient neurology appointments is in the region of 9 months for the trust concerned. The inquest heard from an independent expert that it is not unusual to have waiting times of more than 6 months for outpatient neurology appointments. In the context of these lengthy waiting times, the following matters were of particular concern: (1) GP practices are not required to carry out annual reviews of epilepsy patients, as they are, for other chronic diseases. The independent consultant neurologist considered that annual reviews by general practitioners would provide an excellent safety net to prevent future SUDEP deaths. The reviews could incorporate checks on compliance with medication; reviews of any seizure activity and reminder of ways to reduce the risk of seizures. (2) There is clear national guidance in relation to how quickly patients should be seen following a first seizure, but no clear guidance around the longer-term monitoring of patients with epilepsy. How soon after the last seizure is it safe to discharge a patient? There is no clear guidance on this. (3) After discharge from the secondary care team, there was no clear guidance provided in relation to the importance of maintaining full compliance with medication even if seizure free for a very long period; the importance of notifying the GP and/or the secondary care team about the recurrence of any seizure activity or clear guidance on how best to make contact with the secondary care team in the event of recurrence of seizures. There was no system in place, or guidance, requiring practitioners to ensure that this essential information is passed to patients on discharge. (4) There was no care pathway for incorporating urgent reviews in neurology clinics in response to patients reporting concerns, such as a return of seizures or not tolerating medication. ”

    Source location

    Andrew Ewin-Ripp · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 3 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Lack of discharge guidance on notifying clinicians about recurrent seizures

    Wider context from the report

    “There are believed to be around 500-600 SUDEP deaths in the UK each year. SUDEP deaths are common in young adults. The waiting times for outpatient neurology appointments is in the region of 9 months for the trust concerned. The inquest heard from an independent expert that it is not unusual to have waiting times of more than 6 months for outpatient neurology appointments. In the context of these lengthy waiting times, the following matters were of particular concern: (1) GP practices are not required to carry out annual reviews of epilepsy patients, as they are, for other chronic diseases. The independent consultant neurologist considered that annual reviews by general practitioners would provide an excellent safety net to prevent future SUDEP deaths. The reviews could incorporate checks on compliance with medication; reviews of any seizure activity and reminder of ways to reduce the risk of seizures. (2) There is clear national guidance in relation to how quickly patients should be seen following a first seizure, but no clear guidance around the longer-term monitoring of patients with epilepsy. How soon after the last seizure is it safe to discharge a patient? There is no clear guidance on this. (3) After discharge from the secondary care team, there was no clear guidance provided in relation to the importance of maintaining full compliance with medication even if seizure free for a very long period; the importance of notifying the GP and/or the secondary care team about the recurrence of any seizure activity or clear guidance on how best to make contact with the secondary care team in the event of recurrence of seizures. There was no system in place, or guidance, requiring practitioners to ensure that this essential information is passed to patients on discharge. (4) There was no care pathway for incorporating urgent reviews in neurology clinics in response to patients reporting concerns, such as a return of seizures or not tolerating medication. ”

    Source location

    Andrew Ewin-Ripp · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 3 · concerns

    Open source report
  2. East Sussex

    AI-generated summary

    Trevor Alan MONERVILLE · Prevention of Future Deaths report

    This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.

    Report summary

    Trevor Alan Monerville, who had been detained at HMP Lewes, was found unresponsive in his cell on 18 April 2021 and died after suffering from epilepsy and non-epileptic attack disorder. The principal concerns were inadequate monitoring and management of his epilepsy after the ACCT closed, poor communication and information-sharing between healthcare, prison staff and family, and insufficient staff training in managing epilepsy and seizures.

    Read the report on judiciary.uk

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Lack of prison staff training in managing long-term health conditions on the wings

    Wider context from the report

    “c. There was a lack of training of prison staff in dealing with long term health conditions such as epilepsy on the wings. I understand there is a deficit in national policy within the prison service to manage and support prisoners with epilepsy and seizures. ”

    Source location

    Trevor Alan MONERVILLE · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 2 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Lack of individualized seizure care planning and monitoring

    Wider context from the report

    “a. Consideration should be given to the review of the treatment, monitoring and management of patients with a history of epilepsy or seizures by both the prison staff and healthcare staff. In particular, there was no seizure care plan, no seizure diary and once the ACCT had closed on 10th March 2021, there was no formal mechanism of monitoring Trevor’s condition. Further, the ACCT is not a suitable mechanism for such monitoring. The CSRA policy is designed to protect other prisoners, but not those who suffer from medical conditions as Trevor suffered. PPG in their evidence to be considered relating to PFD matters state that a care plan dashboard is now in place at HMP Lewes but this does not appear to be individualized or tailored to the prisoner’s clinical requirements. ”

    Source location

    Trevor Alan MONERVILLE · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 2 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Deficit in national policy for managing and supporting prisoners with epilepsy and seizures

    Wider context from the report

    “c. There was a lack of training of prison staff in dealing with long term health conditions such as epilepsy on the wings. I understand there is a deficit in national policy within the prison service to manage and support prisoners with epilepsy and seizures. ”

    Source location

    Trevor Alan MONERVILLE · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 2 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Deliver First Aid at Work and Emergency First Aid training to identified prison staff, including responses to seizures.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “HMPPS undertake First Aid needs assessments to ensure that sufficient emergency aid response is available on each site. First Aid at Work and Emergency First Aid training courses are delivered to identified prison staff, which includes emergency response to both minor and major seizures.”

    Source location

    Response from HM Prison and Probation Service
    Page 2 · response
    Published 19 January 2024

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Create and maintain a SystmOne care plan hub with epilepsy templates and review-template links.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “Practice Plus Group made it an organisational priority for 2023 to ensure that the use of personalised care plans is embedded throughout sites at which Practice Plus Group is the healthcare provider. Using the limited capacity in which Practice Plus Group can make changes to SystmOne, the electronic medical records system, a care plan hub has been created to support clinical staff in accessing appropriate templates. This includes a specific care plan to support management of epilepsy and a direct link to the epilepsy care plan has been added within the review template for epilepsy annual reviews. Staff received training on the use of the care planning hub on SystmOne via workshops, regular updates and in June 2023 staff received a care plan guide.”

    Source location

    Response from Practice Plus Group
    Page 2 · response
    Published 19 January 2024

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Use SystmOne recalls to schedule, monitor and allocate long-term-condition reviews.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “Care planning workshops for the healthcare teams at HMP Lewes were facilitated by the national and regional primary care leads. The SystmOne recall functionality is being utilised to ensure a systematic approach is adopted for long term condition reviews and that these are monitored and staff allocated to book patients into clinics when required. Healthcare staff working at HMP Lewes have also been provided with access to a training module ‘Epilepsy training for primary care nurses’. This training is there to provide support on identifying different types of seizures, treatment review etc.”

    Source location

    Response from Practice Plus Group
    Page 2 · response
    Published 19 January 2024

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Review samples of epilepsy care plans for quality improvement and alignment with national guidelines.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “Practice Plus Group amended the process for reporting on care plans approximately 18 months ago and have seen positive progress in the quantitative data. Over the last 3-4 months a process to review a small sample of these plans to support quality improvement and align with national guidelines has been started. As HMP Lewes is a remand site, the completion rate will always be variable whilst new patients await their initial long term condition review. On review for December 2023, 83% of patients with epilepsy at HMP Lewes now have a documented care plan. The team are striving to achieve 100%, however the data taken at the end of the month is reflective of the prison’s population at that point in time and new arrivals in the last few days/week who have not yet received a long term conditions review would affect this figure.”

    Source location

    Response from Practice Plus Group
    Page 3 · response
    Published 19 January 2024

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Complete epilepsy reviews and agree individualized care plans with patients.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “Response: Oversight of patients with long term conditions is currently being carried out by the long term conditions nurse and primary care nurses, supported by the regional primary care lead and inclusive of prescribers where applicable. In order to ensure that patients with epilepsy are monitored and supported through a patient-centred approach, the long term conditions nurse has been completing reviews and agreeing a personal care plan with the patient that is specific to their individual needs. This is aligned with the wider work that has taken place on long term conditions management pathways.”

    Source location

    Response from Practice Plus Group
    Page 2 · response
    Published 19 January 2024

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Audit and monitor long-term-condition care plans to maintain progress.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “The most recent inspection report from HMIP/CQC dated 23 February 2023 states “Patients with long-term conditions had timely reviews, and a new care plan hub made sure clinicians and patients jointly managed care, which was safe and well-coordinated”. We will continue to regularly audit and monitor the long term conditions care plans of patients at HMP Lewes to ensure progress is maintained.”

    Source location

    Response from Practice Plus Group
    Page 3 · response
    Published 19 January 2024

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Train healthcare staff to use the care planning hub through workshops, updates and guidance.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “Practice Plus Group made it an organisational priority for 2023 to ensure that the use of personalised care plans is embedded throughout sites at which Practice Plus Group is the healthcare provider. Using the limited capacity in which Practice Plus Group can make changes to SystmOne, the electronic medical records system, a care plan hub has been created to support clinical staff in accessing appropriate templates. This includes a specific care plan to support management of epilepsy and a direct link to the epilepsy care plan has been added within the review template for epilepsy annual reviews. Staff received training on the use of the care planning hub on SystmOne via workshops, regular updates and in June 2023 staff received a care plan guide.”

    Source location

    Response from Practice Plus Group
    Page 2 · response
    Published 19 January 2024

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent position was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Training prison staff to manage epilepsy and seizures is a matter for His Majesty’s Prison and Probation Service.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “Response: This concern is for His Majesty’s Prison and Probation Service to address. However, as always Practice Plus Group are committed to working collaboratively with our prison colleagues to support the safety and wellbeing of our patients and would fully support any prison led epilepsy awareness campaign for officers and wing staff.”

    Source location

    Response from Practice Plus Group
    Page 4 · response
    Published 19 January 2024

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent position was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Healthcare provider PPG is responsible for seizure care plans, diaries and long-term health management; prison staff facilitate its instructions.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “As was heard at the inquest, the creation of a seizure care plan and seizure diary, a clinical matter, falls within the responsibility of the healthcare provider at HMP Lewes, Practice Plus Group (PPG). It is within PPG’s remit to decide which prisoners are fit to be managed on a standard wing and, where a health condition such as epilepsy is identified, whether the severity of this means they should be located on the inpatient wing. HMPPS will facilitate a move to the inpatient unit where this is required.”

    Source location

    Response from HM Prison and Probation Service
    Page 1 · response
    Published 19 January 2024

    Open published response
  3. Inner North London

    AI-generated summary

    Amarjit SINGH · Prevention of Future Deaths report

    This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.

    Report summary

    Amarjit Singh, aged 41, was found dead in his cell at HMP Pentonville on the morning of 21 November 2021 after his cellmate reported that he had suffered a fit, but medical attention was not sought and the cell door remained locked. The inquest jury determined that he died from natural causes, contributed to by neglect. Outstanding concerns included a careless cell-sharing risk assessment and gaps in prison staff and prisoner guidance and first-aid understanding, including failures to recognise the need for CPR or distinguish unconsciousness from death.

    Read the report on judiciary.uk

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Lack of seizure-response training for prison staff

    Wider context from the report

    “2. Though I was told that training for prison staff in how to deal with fits is to be given at HMP Pentonville in October 2023, I heard that there is only a hope that prisoners will also receive some guidance in what to do if their cellmate suffers a fit. Apparently, this has already been implemented in HMP Brixton. ”

    Source location

    Amarjit SINGH · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 2 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Unavailability of guidance for prisoners responding to a cellmate’s fit

    Wider context from the report

    “2. Though I was told that training for prison staff in how to deal with fits is to be given at HMP Pentonville in October 2023, I heard that there is only a hope that prisoners will also receive some guidance in what to do if their cellmate suffers a fit. Apparently, this has already been implemented in HMP Brixton. ”

    Source location

    Amarjit SINGH · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 2 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Schedule training for prison staff at HMP Pentonville on responding to fits.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “Training for prison staff in how to deal with fits is scheduled to be given at HMP Pentonville in October, and prisoners are given instructions at their induction on how to report concerns regarding a cellmate and the need to ring the emergency cell bell in circumstances where their cellmate is unwell so that staff can ensure healthcare attend.”

    Source location

    Response from HM Prison and Probation Service
    Page 2 · response
    Published 22 September 2023

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent position was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Prison authorities, rather than healthcare, are responsible for addressing staff training and prisoner guidance on managing seizures and first aid.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “Only number 1 above relates to healthcare, and therefore PPG, so we do not propose to respond to points 2 and 3, which no doubt will be addressed by the Prison.”

    Source location

    Response from Practice Plus Group
    Page 2 · response
    Published 22 September 2023

    Open published response
  4. Surrey

    AI-generated summary

    Louis James Rogers · Prevention of Future Deaths report

    This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.

    Report summary

    Louis James Rogers died after being found unresponsive at home following a period of clinical illness and was pronounced dead on 18 June 2021 despite resuscitation attempts. Autopsy identified a viral infection, and genetic studies confirmed Dravet’s Syndrome. The report raised concerns about the management and investigation of febrile seizures, information provided to parents, paramedic and general practice guidance, and the lack of a coordinated febrile seizure pathway.

    Read the report on judiciary.uk

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Failure to document general practice assessment of febrile seizures

    Wider context from the report

    “4. General Practice - At his mother’s request after the possibility of a further seizure, Louis was reviewed by his general practitioner on the 13th May 2021 following which Louis’s mother was reassured without a detailed history from Louis’s mother or a full neurological examination and in the absence of documentation in circumstances whereby it was acknowledged there was sufficient information at that time to refer Louis to secondary services for the management of children with febrile seizures. It would therefore be appropriate to consider providing robust national guidance and education to general practitioners to ensure appropriate history, examination, investigation are undertaken to allow timely referrals to secondary medical services to be undertaken. ”

    Source location

    Louis James Rogers · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 3 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Failure to make timely referrals from general practice to secondary medical services for febrile seizures

    Wider context from the report

    “4. General Practice - At his mother’s request after the possibility of a further seizure, Louis was reviewed by his general practitioner on the 13th May 2021 following which Louis’s mother was reassured without a detailed history from Louis’s mother or a full neurological examination and in the absence of documentation in circumstances whereby it was acknowledged there was sufficient information at that time to refer Louis to secondary services for the management of children with febrile seizures. It would therefore be appropriate to consider providing robust national guidance and education to general practitioners to ensure appropriate history, examination, investigation are undertaken to allow timely referrals to secondary medical services to be undertaken. ”

    Source location

    Louis James Rogers · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 5 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Lack of coordinated response across clinicians to febrile seizure presentations

    Wider context from the report

    “5. Febrile Seizure Pathway Evidence was heard that Louis was seen by a number of clinicians without a co-ordinated response to his presentation and that consideration should be given for all hospitals emergency departments and GP’s to be provided with a febrile seizure pathway as a checklist to ensure children are not given a diagnosis of a ‘febrile seizure when this is not supported by their presentation and for all consultations – including GP appointment and information from the paramedics is available for all clinicians to view to provide a holistic picture and to assist further management. ”

    Source location

    Louis James Rogers · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 5 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Delays in referral for assessment and investigation of febrile seizures

    Wider context from the report

    “1. Management and investigation of Febrile Seizures Evidence was heard that a number of children who have ‘febrile’ seizures subsequently die from ‘sudden unexpected death in childhood’. Evidence was provided that there should be greater emphasis on medical education, research and public information for sudden unexpected deaths associated with febrile seizures. Further evidence was heard that referrals for assessment and investigation of febrile seizures should be undertaken earlier to exclude a more severe underlying illness. ”

    Source location

    Louis James Rogers · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 3 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Failure to ensure febrile seizure diagnoses are supported by the child’s presentation

    Wider context from the report

    “5. Febrile Seizure Pathway Evidence was heard that Louis was seen by a number of clinicians without a co-ordinated response to his presentation and that consideration should be given for all hospitals emergency departments and GP’s to be provided with a febrile seizure pathway as a checklist to ensure children are not given a diagnosis of a ‘febrile seizure when this is not supported by their presentation and for all consultations – including GP appointment and information from the paramedics is available for all clinicians to view to provide a holistic picture and to assist further management. ”

    Source location

    Louis James Rogers · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 5 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Failure to follow escalation guidance for complex febrile seizures

    Wider context from the report

    “3. Improvement to and highlighting of the JRCALC guidelines for paramedic management of seizures in children JRCALC guidelines indicated paramedics should have conveyed Louis to hospital or contacted the GP and/or Out of Hours GP service following Louis’s second seizure on 11th February 2020, as the close proximity of two seizures indicated it was a ‘complex febrile seizure’ rather than a febrile seizure. This led to a lost opportunity to expeditiously trigger further investigation and/or a referral to either the ‘first seizure’ service or to a specialist paediatrician for further assessment and management. Evidence was heard that improving and highlighting JRCALC guidelines with additional teaching would prevent this happening again. ”

    Source location

    Louis James Rogers · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 4 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Replace the epilepsy guideline with updated recommendations on referral and information and support after a first seizure.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “We believe that our guideline on epilepsies: diagnosis and management [CG137], which was in place at the time of Louis’ death, is directly relevant to this case. The guideline covered diagnosing, treating and managing epilepsy and seizures in children, young people and adults in primary and secondary care and made recommendations on what should happen following a first seizure (section 1.4), diagnosis (section 1.5) and investigations (sections 1.6).”

    Source location

    Response from NICE
    Page 1 · response
    Published 31 March 2023

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Ask colleagues from seven NHS regions to share learning and available guidance with Integrated Care Boards for cascading to relevant healthcare professionals.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “As a result of your Report, we will also be asking colleagues from each of the seven NHS regions to share the learnings from this matter and the guidance available with their Integrated Care Boards for cascading to relevant healthcare professionals.”

    Source location

    Response from NHS England
    Page 3 · response
    Published 31 March 2023

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Review the JRCALC guidance on convulsions in children.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “I can confirm that I have liaised with the Chair of the JRCALC committee and that a review of the convulsions in children guidance has been undertaken. The JRCALC guidelines are used regularly by ambulance clinicians in everyday practice. Having reviewed our guideline we agree that if our guideline had been followed, Louis should have either been conveyed to hospital on 11th February 2021 when he had a second seizure that day or he should have been referred to a GP.”

    Source location

    Response from Association of Ambulance
    Page 1 · response
    Published 31 March 2023

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Inform ambulance-service medical directors and lead paramedics about the death and ask them to review relevant JRCALC guidance and local pathways.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “We have taken an action to make all the medical directors and lead paramedics of UK ambulance services aware of the circumstances of Louis’ death and have asked them to review the JRCALC guidance and any local pathways or guidance in relation to decisions around conveying children after seizures. We have also reminded ambulance trusts of a best practice guidance document that was written, approved and disseminated by NASMeD to ambulance trusts in July 2021: “Conveyance of children by operational ambulance clinicians in face-to-face settings” (attached). This was developed as a result of a Health Services Investigation Branch (HSIB) recommendation issued to us in June 2019 in relation to a case of an undetected button and coin cell battery ingestion in a child.”

    Source location

    Response from Association of Ambulance
    Page 2 · response
    Published 31 March 2023

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Remind ambulance trusts about best-practice guidance on conveying children in face-to-face operational ambulance care.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “We have taken an action to make all the medical directors and lead paramedics of UK ambulance services aware of the circumstances of Louis’ death and have asked them to review the JRCALC guidance and any local pathways or guidance in relation to decisions around conveying children after seizures. We have also reminded ambulance trusts of a best practice guidance document that was written, approved and disseminated by NASMeD to ambulance trusts in July 2021: “Conveyance of children by operational ambulance clinicians in face-to-face settings” (attached). This was developed as a result of a Health Services Investigation Branch (HSIB) recommendation issued to us in June 2019 in relation to a case of an undetected button and coin cell battery ingestion in a child.”

    Source location

    Response from Association of Ambulance
    Page 2 · response
    Published 31 March 2023

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Continue reviewing the convulsions guidance through regular clinical-guideline review activity.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “In summary, having reviewed our guidance related to convulsions in children, we do not believe that it needs improving at present. We will review it as part of our ongoing work to ensure that all our clinical guidelines are reviewed on a regular basis and kept as up to date as possible with any new clinical evidence that we become aware of.”

    Source location

    Response from Association of Ambulance
    Page 2 · response
    Published 31 March 2023

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent position was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    NICE is responsible for producing clinical guidance on the diagnosis, treatment and management of febrile seizures.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “The National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) are responsible for producing clinical guidance for health and care practitioners on the issue of febrile seizures. Their guidance on Epilepsies in children, young people and adults (NG127) covers the diagnosis, treatment and management, referral recommendations and information and support for the management of epilepsy and seizures in children:”

    Source location

    Response from NHS England
    Page 1 · response
    Published 31 March 2023

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent position was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Existing national guidance is considered sufficient for managing febrile seizures.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “NHS England has been sighted on the response to your Report from NICE, who have advised that there is sufficient national guidance regarding the management of febrile seizures.”

    Source location

    Response from NHS England
    Page 2 · response
    Published 31 March 2023

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent position was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Existing national guidance and the Clinical Knowledge Summary are considered sufficient to support timely assessment, investigation and referral for febrile seizures.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “We believe that our guideline on epilepsies: diagnosis and management [CG137], which was in place at the time of Louis’ death, is directly relevant to this case. The guideline covered diagnosing, treating and managing epilepsy and seizures in children, young people and adults in primary and secondary care and made recommendations on what should happen following a first seizure (section 1.4), diagnosis (section 1.5) and investigations (sections 1.6).”

    Source location

    Response from NICE
    Page 1 · response
    Published 31 March 2023

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent position was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    RCEM will not lead development of further guidance because the project would be a significant undertaking, but can contribute with other organisations.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “RCEM would be happy to work with NHS England / National Institute for Healthcare Excellence, Royal Colleges and other interested parties to help develop further evidence based or consensus guidance in this complex area of clinical practice. We are mindful that this would be a significant undertaking and that it would therefore not be appropriate for RCEM to take the lead on such a project.”

    Source location

    Response from Emergency Care Committee
    Page 1 · response
    Published 31 March 2023

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent position was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    The convulsions-in-children guideline does not need improvement at present, subject to routine review and updating when new clinical evidence emerges.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “In summary, having reviewed our guidance related to convulsions in children, we do not believe that it needs improving at present. We will review it as part of our ongoing work to ensure that all our clinical guidelines are reviewed on a regular basis and kept as up to date as possible with any new clinical evidence that we become aware of.”

    Source location

    Response from Association of Ambulance
    Page 2 · response
    Published 31 March 2023

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent position was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    AACE is the appropriate organisation to decide whether JRCALC guidelines for paramedic seizure management require updates.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “Regarding any updates to be made to JRCALC guidelines for paramedic management of seizures in children, I have been sighted on the response to your Report from the”

    Source location

    Response from NHS England
    Page 3 · response
    Published 31 March 2023

    Open published response
  5. Manchester South

    AI-generated summary

    James Thomas Wheeler · Prevention of Future Deaths report

    This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.

    Report summary

    James Thomas Wheeler, who had refractory epilepsy alongside cerebral palsy and severe learning disability, was found unresponsive at Cheddle Lodge on 22 January 2018 and died shortly afterwards. The inquest concluded that he died following a nocturnal epileptic seizure while unobserved and not actively monitored. Concerns included the lack of authoritative UK guidance on monitoring people with refractory epilepsy and assistive technology, failures to provide required annual Care Act Reviews, and insufficient resources for local authorities to fulfil those duties.

    Read the report on judiciary.uk

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Lack of authoritative guidance on monitoring people with refractory epilepsy

    Wider context from the report

    “1. To Sir Andrew Dillon, Chief Executive, National Institute of Health and Care Excellence The court heard that there is currently an absence of authoritative guidance in the United Kingdom as to the monitoring of people with refractory epilepsy, both in hospital and community care settings. A particular feature of this case was the absence of guidance as to the availability and use of assistive technology in monitoring individuals thought to be at high risk as a result of seizures. ”

    Source location

    James Thomas Wheeler · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 3 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Lack of guidance on the availability and use of assistive technology for monitoring people at high risk from seizures

    Wider context from the report

    “1. To Sir Andrew Dillon, Chief Executive, National Institute of Health and Care Excellence The court heard that there is currently an absence of authoritative guidance in the United Kingdom as to the monitoring of people with refractory epilepsy, both in hospital and community care settings. A particular feature of this case was the absence of guidance as to the availability and use of assistive technology in monitoring individuals thought to be at high risk as a result of seizures. ”

    Source location

    James Thomas Wheeler · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 3 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Pass the stated concerns about monitoring refractory epilepsy and assistive technology to the guideline committee to inform its work.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “I have considered the circumstances surrounding Mr Wheeler’s death, and your concern that there is no national guidance on how to monitor people with refractory epilepsy (both in hospital and community care settings), including the use of assistive technology for those thought to be at high risk of seizures.”

    Source location

    2020-0001-Response-from-NICE-Redacted
    Page 1 · response
    Published 22 January 2020

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Update the epilepsy guideline by reviewing evidence on seizure-detection technologies, epilepsy-related mortality risk factors, and interventions reducing seizure-related mortality.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “This guideline (CG137) is currently in the early stages of being updated.”

    Source location

    2020-0001-Response-from-NICE-Redacted
    Page 2 · response
    Published 22 January 2020

    Open published response

Export data

Your Excel file will include all 5 matching reports.

Classification: sudep19 Sep 2013 – 7 Sep 2026 (Publication date)Recurring concern: Unreliable seizure care and management
Choose the tabs to include