Epilepsy, 19 Sep 2013 – 19 Jun 2026

Epilepsy-related Prevention of Future Deaths reports

All dates19 Sep 2013 – 7 Sep 2026

Custom range

Based on PFD publication date. Dates are available up to the published snapshot: 7 Sep 2026. Preset periods end on this date.

90All reports 19SUDEP 68Non-SUDEP

Select SUDEP or Non-SUDEP to filter concerns and reports. 3 reports could not be assigned and remain in All only. Counts are PFD reports, not deaths.

About this dataset

We searched all 6,433 reports in the published corpus using a fixed text-search method, then assessed 317 candidates against source-based inclusion criteria. Ninety reports were included. Epilepsy had to be materially relevant to the death or a substantive coroner’s concern; incidental mentions were excluded.

Eligibility and SUDEP assignment were assessed with GPT-5.6 Sol and checked for valid source quotations. Assignment uses a balance-of-probabilities threshold: SUDEP or non-SUDEP must be more likely than not on the report’s evidence. The exact term SUDEP need not appear. Genuinely unclear eligible reports remain in All only. These are model-assisted documentary assessments, not independently validated clinical diagnoses.

The search can miss reports with sparse terminology or incomplete source text. This dataset does not represent all epilepsy deaths. Recurring concerns and responses are taken from the existing published evidence. Published corpus snapshot: 7 September 2026. Cohort selection updated 5 November 2026. The title shows the first and last included reports’ publication dates.

Reports over time

Matching reports published each year within the selected date range.

* 2026 is projected from reports observed to 7 Sep 2026.

Most frequent recipients

Matching reports sent to each recipient.

Department of Health and Social Care12
NHS England12
HM Prison and Probation Service6
Department for Transport5
Care Quality Commission4
National Institute for Health and Care Excellence3
Practice Plus Group3
Royal College of General Practitioners3
Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health3
Association Of British Neurologists2
College of Policing2
Department for Education2
General Medical Council2
London Ambulance Service NHS Trust2
Ministry of Justice2
National Police Chiefs’ Council2
Office of the Chief Coroner2
Pentonville Prison2
Aneurin Bevan University LHB1
BNF Publications1
Barts Health NHS Trust1
Bedfordshire Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust1
Betsi Cadwaladr University LHB1
Bournemouth, Christchurch and Poole Council1
Brook Medical Centre1
Caring Limited1
Central and North West London NHS Foundation Trust1
Choice Support1
Cleveland Police1
Coastal Homecare – Hove Branch1
Community Disability Nurse1
DW Fitness First1
Department for Business, Energy & Industrial Strategy1
Disclosure and Barring Service1
Doncaster and Bassetlaw Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust1
Dorset County Council1
Dorset Healthcare University NHS Foundation Trust1
Dorset Police1
Driver and Vehicle Licensing Agency1
Dwf LLP1
East Lancashire Hospitals NHS Trust1
East Midlands Ambulance Service NHS Trust1
Emsworth Surgery1
Epilepsy Action1
Epsom and St Helier University Hospitals NHS Trust1
European Care & Lifestyles (UK) Limited1
Forest Bank Prison1
General Pharmaceutical Council1
GeoAmey PECS Limited1
George Abbot School1
Gloucestershire Health and Care NHS Foundation Trust1
Gloucestershire Social Services1
Godfrey Care1
Grant Shapps MP1
Great Ormond Street Hospital1
Greater Manchester Health and Social Care Partnership1
Greater Manchester Police1
Greenshades Coach Travel Limited1
Grosvenor Medical Centre1
Grupo de Turismo Gaviota S.A.1
Guy'S and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust1
HM Prison Service1
Hampshire and Isle of Wight Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust1
Hazelmere Medical Centre1
Health and Safety Executive1
Herefordshire and Worcestershire Health and Care NHS Trust1
High Down Prison1
Home Office1
Independence Homes Limited1
Independent Futures1
James Paget University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust1
Joint Royal Colleges Ambulance Liaison Committee1
Kendal Calling1
Kettering General Hospital1
King Street Medical Centre1
Lewisham and Greenwich NHS Trust1
Lindholme Prison1
Luton and Dunstable University Hospital1
Medacs Healthcare Limited1
Medway NHS Foundation Trust1
Mid and South Essex NHS Foundation Trust1
Midway Pharmacy1
Ministry of Housing, Communities and Local Government1
NHS Birmingham and Solihull Integrated Care Board1
NHS Dorset Integrated Care Board1
NHS Greater Manchester Integrated Care Board1
NHS Leicester, Leicestershire and Rutland Integrated Care Board1
NHS South West London Integrated Care Board1
Norfolk and Suffolk NHS Foundation Trust1
North London NHS Foundation Trust1
Northfield Medical Centre1
Oxleas NHS Foundation Trust1
Parc Prison and Young Offender Institute1
Parents of the deceased1
Pennine Care NHS Foundation Trust1
Pentree Lodge1
Recipient name withheld1
Richmond Medical Centre (Solihull)1
Rochester Prison1
Royal College of Emergency Medicine1
Royal College of Physicians1
Royal College of Psychiatrists1
Royal College of Surgeons of England1
Royal London Hospital1
Sheffield Health Partnership University NHS Foundation Trust1
Sherwood Forest Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust1
Skills for Care Ltd1
Sodexo1
South Tees Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust1
Southwinds1
Springbank Care Home Limited1
Springfield Medical Centre1
St Edward's School1
St George'S University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust1
Stepping Hill Hospital1
Stockport Borough Council1
Suffolk County Council1
Sundon Medical Centre1
Surrey County Council1
Sussex Community NHS Foundation Trust1
Sussex Police1
Tameside Borough Council1
Tameside General Hospital1
Tameside and Glossop Integrated Care NHS Foundation Trust1
Tees, Esk and Wear Valleys NHS Foundation Trust1
Tewkesbury Borough Council1
Thameside Prison1
The Children's Trust1
The Roehampton Surgery1
The Society Of British Neurological Surgeons1
Thomas Cook Tour Operations Limited1
Transport for London1
UCB Pharma1
University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust1
University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust1
University Hospitals Dorset NHS Foundation Trust1
University Hospitals of North Midlands NHS Trust1
Wm Morrison Supermarkets plc1
Worcestershire Acute Hospitals NHS Trust1
ukactive1

Most commonly raised concerns

All classifications 90 reports 19 Sep 2013 – 7 Sep 2026

  1. Unreliable seizure care and managementControls dedicated to recognising, assessing, monitoring, responding to and managing seizures are not reliably provided.9 reportsSelected
  2. Incomplete, inaccurate or unavailable clinical and care recordsClinical and care records are incomplete, inaccurate, inconsistent, unavailable or otherwise unreliable for safe care.7 reportsSelected
  3. Unsafe medication administrationA recurring failure of the medication-administration system to ensure that medicines are administered safely, accurately, promptly and as prescribed.6 reportsSelected
  4. Failure to ensure clinical investigation results are reliably available, interpreted and acted uponRecurring deficiency in the end-to-end management of clinical investigation results, including their availability, transmission, checking, review, interpretation, follow-up and escalation when needed.4 reportsSelected
  5. Inadequate driver licensing controls for road safetyDriver licensing systems do not reliably identify, record, review or restrict drivers whose inexperience, health or vehicle-related risk requires additional safeguards.4 reportsSelected
  6. Inadequate staff competence to provide first aidReports identify an unsafe first-aid capability condition across healthcare, care, custody and other staff. The recurring concern is the unreliability of staff competence to recognise emergencies and provide appropriate first aid, rather than any single training, refresher, assessment or practical-performance failure.4 reportsSelected
  7. Unreliable hospital discharge processesHospital discharge does not reliably bring together planning, clinical readiness, relevant organisations, safe execution and required follow-up.4 reportsSelected
  8. Failure to communicate clinically important information reliably between care servicesRecurring concern that clinically important guidance, decisions and patient information are not kept accurate, current and available to the clinicians and emergency services who need them.3 reportsSelected
  9. Failure to provide required medication promptly when clinically neededThe anchor identifies delayed prescribing of a patient's usual medication after an unexpected admission, while another report identifies delayed prescribing and non-provision of urgent therapeutic medication. These support a recurring concern about timely provision of clinically required medication rather than only the anchor's admission or prescribing-step failure.3 reportsSelected
  10. Failure to provide timely clinical follow-up after medication prescribingPrescribed medication is not reliably followed up for effectiveness, safety, collection, adherence and patient response.3 reportsSelected
  11. Failure to seek medical attention when a person's condition warrants itReports identify an unreliable escalation control in which care staff or other responders do not promptly seek medical or paramedic assistance when a person's injury, pain, fall or deterioration warrants clinical attention.3 reportsSelected
  12. Insufficient police training for safe recognition and response to mental-health and behaviour-related medical crisesReports identify insufficient police training to recognise and respond safely to mental-health crises and behaviour-related medical emergencies.3 reportsSelected
  13. Insufficient qualified healthcare staffing capacityHealthcare services lack enough appropriately qualified staff to provide the required clinical coverage and patient care safely for the workload, acuity and specialist needs.3 reportsSelected
  14. Unreliable DVLA medical fitness notification arrangementsThe anchor identifies limited professional awareness and uncertain effectiveness of guidance for notifying the DVLA about medically relevant driving risks. A different report identifies clinicians failing to advise patients with cough syncope to stop driving and notify the DVLA, while another identifies failure to notify the DVLA of relevant medical conditions. These support the named DVLA medical-fitness notification process rather than guidance awareness alone.3 reportsSelected
  15. Unreliable communication of patient-care information between clinical staffClinical staff responsible for the same patient's care do not reliably exchange relevant information about care, treatment and risk.3 reportsSelected
  16. Unreliable healthcare patient transfer processesHealthcare transfers do not reliably provide the procedures, responsibility, documentation and clinical information needed for safe movement and continuity of care.3 reportsSelected
  17. Unreliable mental health referral pathwaysReports identify different failures within the mental health referral process, including referrals not being made when indicated, received referrals not being actioned, and frontline practitioners lacking clarity about when and where to refer. These support a recurring concern with the reliability of mental health referral pathways rather than any single referral or awareness failure.3 reportsSelected
  18. Unreliable patient observation arrangementsPatient observation systems do not reliably set, support and deliver the observation level required by assessed safety risk.3 reportsSelected
  19. Unsafe interoperability between prison custody and healthcare proceduresReports identify failures in the bounded interface between prison custody, contracted custody providers and healthcare services, where procedures, responsibilities and safety-relevant information do not operate together reliably.3 reportsSelected
  20. Electronic patient records failing to make relevant clinical information available and actionableRecurring concern that electronic patient-record systems do not reliably present, preserve, share or prompt action on clinically relevant information across the patient’s care.2 reportsSelected
  21. Failure to communicate safety-critical care information effectively between care providers and familiesReports identify unsafe communication between care providers and families, including failures to convey risks, care instructions, concerns or other information needed to support safe care and decision-making.2 reportsSelected
  22. Failure to conduct required welfare checks on people in distressThe anchor identifies a risk that care home staff will not check a resident in distress, while a different canonical report identifies failure to conduct a later welfare check on a person left in potential medical distress. Together these support a recurring concern about welfare checks not being completed when a person may require assistance.2 reportsSelected
  23. Failure to ensure safe prisoner transfersRecurring concern that the end-to-end prisoner transfer process is unreliable, leaving transferred prisoners exposed to unmanaged risks or interruptions in essential support.2 reportsSelected
  24. Failure to identify and address recurring safety issues through organisational learningDifferent reports identify failures of reporting, review and learning arrangements to retain, recognise and address substantive or recurring patient-safety issues, rather than merely failures to complete one specific corrective action.2 reportsSelected
  25. Failure to reliably document the rationale for consequential decisionsDifferent reports identify missing or inadequate records explaining the rationale and evidential basis for consequential decisions, including the anchor’s crucial decisions and comparable mental-capacity, NRPF and transfer decisions. The shared concern is unreliable rationale documentation for decisions that affect safety, accountability and continuity of care, rather than any one decision type or record system.2 reportsSelected
  26. Failure to reliably learn from medication incidents and implement safeguardsThe medication incident learning process is unreliable: incidents are not consistently followed up or reviewed to identify, communicate and implement safeguards that protect patients from recurrence.2 reportsSelected
  27. Failure to reliably recognise and respond to acute clinical deteriorationClinical deterioration is not reliably recognised, monitored, escalated and acted upon with the urgency it requires.2 reportsSelected
  28. Failure to reliably refer patients to required specialist servicesThe anchor identifies a required physiotherapy referral that was not completed. A different report identifies delayed referrals to physiotherapy, occupational therapy, dietetics and Parkinson’s specialist services. Together these support an end-to-end concern with required specialist referrals not being made promptly and reliably, rather than a concern limited to one physiotherapy referral.2 reportsSelected
  29. Failure to secure and control medicationReports identify medication as remaining accessible, unsecured or inadequately controlled, creating risks of misuse, overdose, theft or access by people other than the intended patient.2 reportsSelected
  30. Inadequate control of illicit substance use and supply in secure institutionsThe anchor identifies an ongoing failure to mitigate illicit substance entry, distribution and use in a secure hospital, while assertions from different reports identify continuing illicit-drug influx, widespread access and weak supply-reduction controls in prisons. These distinct manifestations support a bounded concern about controlling illicit substances in secure institutional settings, rather than only room searches, drug testing or a prison-specific strategy.2 reportsSelected
  31. Inadequate controls on contraband mobile phones in prisonsDifferent reports identify failures in the prison control system for preventing and mitigating access to contraband mobile phones, including their easy availability to prisoners and their use to facilitate drug dealing and other prison-security risks.2 reportsSelected
  32. Inadequate recording of medication prescribing decisionsReports identify unreliable medication prescribing records that can obscure prescribing status, rationale, changes or safety-critical decisions and thereby allow unsafe medication to be prescribed or administered.2 reportsSelected
  33. Incomplete clinical history-takingReports identify an unsafe clinical assessment condition in which relevant patient history is not obtained sufficiently to support recognition of symptoms, risks and appropriate care.2 reportsSelected
  34. Unreliable Care Programme Approach care coordinationReports identify different failures within the named Care Programme Approach, including the absence of a structured medication review and failures to allocate coordinators, complete required reviews, maintain care plans and follow up patients. Together these support a recurring concern with the reliable operation of CPA care coordination rather than medication review alone.2 reportsSelected
  35. Unreliable RIO clinical-record functionsThe anchor identifies an unclear timeliness standard for RIO entries, while different reports identify failures of RIO to support complete information capture, cross-team access and usable observation records. Together these support a recurring concern with the reliability of the named RIO clinical-record system rather than only one entry-timing or documentation manifestation.2 reportsSelected
  36. Unreliable access to emergency communicationReports identify failures in dedicated emergency communication arrangements that can delay summoning or contacting emergency help.2 reportsSelected
  37. Unreliable communication of critical medication information to GPsRecurring deficiency in the medication-information exchange process between services and GPs, including information needed to maintain supplies, assess prescribing safety and support continuity of treatment.2 reportsSelected
  38. Unreliable escalation by care staff for required medical attentionCare staff do not reliably recognise and escalate deterioration, pain or other safety concerns to obtain timely medical assessment or advice.2 reportsSelected
  39. Unreliable implementation of medication changesReports identify different failures in the medication-change process, including failure to act on a prescribed reduction, failure to ensure carers acknowledge changes, and difficulty implementing specialist-directed changes accurately. Together these support the wider unsafe condition that medication changes are not reliably implemented across prescribing, communication and follow-up controls.2 reportsSelected
  40. Unreliable inter-agency information sharing for coordinated careThe anchor identifies absent agreed communication means and inaccessible shared patient information between mental health agencies. Other canonical reports identify relevant risk information not being shared between agencies and poor inter-agency information sharing preventing coordinated care, supporting a recurring concern with the reliability of inter-agency care information sharing rather than only the anchor's repository or communication-channel failure.2 reportsSelected
  41. Unreliable management of medication doses not takenThe anchor identifies missing guidance for monitoring prescribed medication that self-administering patients do not take when dispensed. A different report identifies inconsistent procedures for responding when service users refuse or do not take medication. Together these support a recurring concern with the reliability of detecting, monitoring and escalating omitted or refused medication doses, rather than a concern limited to one guidance document or one home's procedure.2 reportsSelected
  42. Unreliable medication dosage verification and communicationReports identify unsafe failures to ensure that medication dosages are accurately verified, clarified and communicated across prescribing, dispensing and administration activities.2 reportsSelected
  43. Unreliable observation of people in custodyThe anchor report identifies failure to transfer and replicate medically required observation levels when a detained person moves into GEO AMEY custody, while a different report identifies uncertainty about whether the correct observation level, including constant watch, was provided to a person in prison custody. Together these support a recurring concern about the reliability of the custody observation process rather than only one handover or level-setting failure.2 reportsSelected
  44. Unreliable recording of required observations in care and custodyDifferent reports identify inaccurate, delayed, anticipatory or falsified records of required observations, including 15-minute observations in prison custody and patient-care settings. The shared unsafe condition is that observation records do not reliably reflect when and how observations were actually conducted, rather than any one observation frequency, recording location or electronic system.2 reportsSelected
  45. Unreliable review and action on clinically significant incoming correspondenceReports identify failures across the incoming clinical-correspondence process, including failure to identify GP medication-review requests, failure to bring action-requiring correspondence to medical staff, and correspondence being filed without GP review or action. The shared unsafe condition is that clinically significant correspondence may not reliably reach the responsible clinician or trigger the required clinical response.2 reportsSelected
  46. Unreliable safety CCTV monitoring systemsDifferent reports identify failures in the operation of CCTV used as a safety control, including absent staff access arrangements, inadequate coverage, non-working cameras, insufficient monitoring and unclear staff instructions. Together these support the reliability of safety CCTV monitoring as the parent concern rather than any single access, coverage, equipment or training failure.2 reportsSelected
  47. Unreliable urgent mental health referral and assessment pathwaysUrgent mental-health referral pathways do not reliably secure timely access, coordination and specialist assessment.2 reportsSelected
  48. Unreliable welfare-check processes for people whose health is of concernThe anchor identifies unclear purpose and use of the welfare sheet for monitoring prisoners whose health is of concern. A separate report identifies inconsistent criteria for what constitutes a welfare check and when it is recorded. Together these support a recurring concern with the reliability of the bounded welfare-check process, rather than only the sheet or recording component.2 reportsSelected
  49. Unsafe cell-sharing decisions for prisonersRecurring deficiencies in the prison cell-sharing risk system can leave prisoners exposed to unsafe pairings or prevent them from understanding changes affecting their cell-sharing status.2 reportsSelected
  50. Unsafe medication prescribingReports identify unsafe prescribing decisions in which the medication, indication, dose or relevant clinical circumstances are not adequately evaluated before prescribing.2 reportsSelected

All reports in this date range

19 Sep 2013 – 7 Sep 2026 · 90 reports

Showing all concerns and their linked actions and positions from reports in this date range. Select a recurring concern above to narrow the evidence.

Actions and positions describe what recipients stated in published responses. Select a statement to read its source wording.

  1. Birmingham and Solihull

    AI-generated summary

    Peter Jason FANNING · Prevention of Future Deaths report

    This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.

    Report summary

    Peter Jason FANNING, who had cerebral palsy, severe physical impairment, epilepsy and relied on a gastrostomy feeding tube, experienced repeated tube dislodgements and admissions for replacement. He developed pneumonia and died on 19 December 2023; concerns related to limited availability for complex feeding-tube replacements and maintaining nutrition after dislodgement.

    Read the report on judiciary.uk

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Insufficient availability of feeding-tube replacement services for patients with complex needs

    Wider context from the report

    “1. The inquest heard evidence that there is only one radiology list per week to accommodate replacement of feeding tubes in patients with complex needs. In Peter’s case this meant he had to wait a week for the tube to be replaced meaning he had suboptimal nutrition during this period. Consideration should be given to whether additional services are required for replacement of feeding tubes in patients with complex needs. ”

    Source location

    Peter Jason FANNING · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 2 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Failure to maintain nutrition after feeding-tube dislodgement

    Wider context from the report

    “2. The inquest heard evidence that Peter’s nutritional status was suboptimal due to repeated tube dislodgments and waiting for radiology or theatre slots to be available. Consideration needs to be given as to how best to maintain patients’ nutrition after tube dislodgments when they rely on feeding tubes. ”

    Source location

    Peter Jason FANNING · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 2 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Increase interventional radiology capacity to four weekly lists across three sites and provide three consultants for x-ray-guided feeding-tube insertion.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “X-ray guided tube insertion The Interventional Radiology department has increased capacity from one to four intervention radiology (IR) lists per week across our Heartland’s, Good Hope and Solihull Hospital sites (HGS), which can accommodate x-ray guided feeding tube insertions. We also now have three IR consultants who are able to provide this service (increased from one previously) and these changes have been in place since April 2024.”

    Source location

    Response from University Hospitals Birmingham
    Page 1 · response
    Published 14 May 2024

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Provide a temporary additional interventional radiology theatre at Heartlands for two days per week using additional funding.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “Also, temporary funding has been made available to increase IR capacity on the Heartlands site and we have an additional IR theatre running in the Heartlands Treatment Centre for two days per week. A business case is currently being considered to support this becoming a full-time provision.”

    Source location

    Response from University Hospitals Birmingham
    Page 1 · response
    Published 14 May 2024

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Consider a business case to make the additional Heartlands interventional radiology theatre provision full time.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “Also, temporary funding has been made available to increase IR capacity on the Heartlands site and we have an additional IR theatre running in the Heartlands Treatment Centre for two days per week. A business case is currently being considered to support this becoming a full-time provision.”

    Source location

    Response from University Hospitals Birmingham
    Page 1 · response
    Published 14 May 2024

    Open published response
  2. East London

    AI-generated summary

    Andrew Ewin-Ripp · Prevention of Future Deaths report

    This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.

    Report summary

    Andrew Ewin-Ripp, who had epilepsy, suffered a fit at home on 1 November 2022, was found in cardiac arrest, and died in hospital on 4 November 2022. The reported cause of death was sudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP). Concerns included lengthy waits for neurology care, the absence of clear guidance and systems for monitoring, discharge information, and urgent review after seizure recurrence.

    Read the report on judiciary.uk

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Failure to require practitioners to pass essential epilepsy information to patients on discharge

    Wider context from the report

    “There are believed to be around 500-600 SUDEP deaths in the UK each year. SUDEP deaths are common in young adults. The waiting times for outpatient neurology appointments is in the region of 9 months for the trust concerned. The inquest heard from an independent expert that it is not unusual to have waiting times of more than 6 months for outpatient neurology appointments. In the context of these lengthy waiting times, the following matters were of particular concern: (1) GP practices are not required to carry out annual reviews of epilepsy patients, as they are, for other chronic diseases. The independent consultant neurologist considered that annual reviews by general practitioners would provide an excellent safety net to prevent future SUDEP deaths. The reviews could incorporate checks on compliance with medication; reviews of any seizure activity and reminder of ways to reduce the risk of seizures. (2) There is clear national guidance in relation to how quickly patients should be seen following a first seizure, but no clear guidance around the longer-term monitoring of patients with epilepsy. How soon after the last seizure is it safe to discharge a patient? There is no clear guidance on this. (3) After discharge from the secondary care team, there was no clear guidance provided in relation to the importance of maintaining full compliance with medication even if seizure free for a very long period; the importance of notifying the GP and/or the secondary care team about the recurrence of any seizure activity or clear guidance on how best to make contact with the secondary care team in the event of recurrence of seizures. There was no system in place, or guidance, requiring practitioners to ensure that this essential information is passed to patients on discharge. (4) There was no care pathway for incorporating urgent reviews in neurology clinics in response to patients reporting concerns, such as a return of seizures or not tolerating medication. ”

    Source location

    Andrew Ewin-Ripp · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 3 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Lack of guidance on contacting the secondary care team after recurrent seizures

    Wider context from the report

    “There are believed to be around 500-600 SUDEP deaths in the UK each year. SUDEP deaths are common in young adults. The waiting times for outpatient neurology appointments is in the region of 9 months for the trust concerned. The inquest heard from an independent expert that it is not unusual to have waiting times of more than 6 months for outpatient neurology appointments. In the context of these lengthy waiting times, the following matters were of particular concern: (1) GP practices are not required to carry out annual reviews of epilepsy patients, as they are, for other chronic diseases. The independent consultant neurologist considered that annual reviews by general practitioners would provide an excellent safety net to prevent future SUDEP deaths. The reviews could incorporate checks on compliance with medication; reviews of any seizure activity and reminder of ways to reduce the risk of seizures. (2) There is clear national guidance in relation to how quickly patients should be seen following a first seizure, but no clear guidance around the longer-term monitoring of patients with epilepsy. How soon after the last seizure is it safe to discharge a patient? There is no clear guidance on this. (3) After discharge from the secondary care team, there was no clear guidance provided in relation to the importance of maintaining full compliance with medication even if seizure free for a very long period; the importance of notifying the GP and/or the secondary care team about the recurrence of any seizure activity or clear guidance on how best to make contact with the secondary care team in the event of recurrence of seizures. There was no system in place, or guidance, requiring practitioners to ensure that this essential information is passed to patients on discharge. (4) There was no care pathway for incorporating urgent reviews in neurology clinics in response to patients reporting concerns, such as a return of seizures or not tolerating medication. ”

    Source location

    Andrew Ewin-Ripp · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 3 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Lack of discharge guidance on maintaining medication compliance despite prolonged seizure freedom

    Wider context from the report

    “There are believed to be around 500-600 SUDEP deaths in the UK each year. SUDEP deaths are common in young adults. The waiting times for outpatient neurology appointments is in the region of 9 months for the trust concerned. The inquest heard from an independent expert that it is not unusual to have waiting times of more than 6 months for outpatient neurology appointments. In the context of these lengthy waiting times, the following matters were of particular concern: (1) GP practices are not required to carry out annual reviews of epilepsy patients, as they are, for other chronic diseases. The independent consultant neurologist considered that annual reviews by general practitioners would provide an excellent safety net to prevent future SUDEP deaths. The reviews could incorporate checks on compliance with medication; reviews of any seizure activity and reminder of ways to reduce the risk of seizures. (2) There is clear national guidance in relation to how quickly patients should be seen following a first seizure, but no clear guidance around the longer-term monitoring of patients with epilepsy. How soon after the last seizure is it safe to discharge a patient? There is no clear guidance on this. (3) After discharge from the secondary care team, there was no clear guidance provided in relation to the importance of maintaining full compliance with medication even if seizure free for a very long period; the importance of notifying the GP and/or the secondary care team about the recurrence of any seizure activity or clear guidance on how best to make contact with the secondary care team in the event of recurrence of seizures. There was no system in place, or guidance, requiring practitioners to ensure that this essential information is passed to patients on discharge. (4) There was no care pathway for incorporating urgent reviews in neurology clinics in response to patients reporting concerns, such as a return of seizures or not tolerating medication. ”

    Source location

    Andrew Ewin-Ripp · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 3 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Lack of required annual epilepsy reviews in general practice

    Wider context from the report

    “There are believed to be around 500-600 SUDEP deaths in the UK each year. SUDEP deaths are common in young adults. The waiting times for outpatient neurology appointments is in the region of 9 months for the trust concerned. The inquest heard from an independent expert that it is not unusual to have waiting times of more than 6 months for outpatient neurology appointments. In the context of these lengthy waiting times, the following matters were of particular concern: (1) GP practices are not required to carry out annual reviews of epilepsy patients, as they are, for other chronic diseases. The independent consultant neurologist considered that annual reviews by general practitioners would provide an excellent safety net to prevent future SUDEP deaths. The reviews could incorporate checks on compliance with medication; reviews of any seizure activity and reminder of ways to reduce the risk of seizures. (2) There is clear national guidance in relation to how quickly patients should be seen following a first seizure, but no clear guidance around the longer-term monitoring of patients with epilepsy. How soon after the last seizure is it safe to discharge a patient? There is no clear guidance on this. (3) After discharge from the secondary care team, there was no clear guidance provided in relation to the importance of maintaining full compliance with medication even if seizure free for a very long period; the importance of notifying the GP and/or the secondary care team about the recurrence of any seizure activity or clear guidance on how best to make contact with the secondary care team in the event of recurrence of seizures. There was no system in place, or guidance, requiring practitioners to ensure that this essential information is passed to patients on discharge. (4) There was no care pathway for incorporating urgent reviews in neurology clinics in response to patients reporting concerns, such as a return of seizures or not tolerating medication. ”

    Source location

    Andrew Ewin-Ripp · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 2 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Lack of a care pathway for urgent neurology reviews in response to patient concerns

    Wider context from the report

    “There are believed to be around 500-600 SUDEP deaths in the UK each year. SUDEP deaths are common in young adults. The waiting times for outpatient neurology appointments is in the region of 9 months for the trust concerned. The inquest heard from an independent expert that it is not unusual to have waiting times of more than 6 months for outpatient neurology appointments. In the context of these lengthy waiting times, the following matters were of particular concern: (1) GP practices are not required to carry out annual reviews of epilepsy patients, as they are, for other chronic diseases. The independent consultant neurologist considered that annual reviews by general practitioners would provide an excellent safety net to prevent future SUDEP deaths. The reviews could incorporate checks on compliance with medication; reviews of any seizure activity and reminder of ways to reduce the risk of seizures. (2) There is clear national guidance in relation to how quickly patients should be seen following a first seizure, but no clear guidance around the longer-term monitoring of patients with epilepsy. How soon after the last seizure is it safe to discharge a patient? There is no clear guidance on this. (3) After discharge from the secondary care team, there was no clear guidance provided in relation to the importance of maintaining full compliance with medication even if seizure free for a very long period; the importance of notifying the GP and/or the secondary care team about the recurrence of any seizure activity or clear guidance on how best to make contact with the secondary care team in the event of recurrence of seizures. There was no system in place, or guidance, requiring practitioners to ensure that this essential information is passed to patients on discharge. (4) There was no care pathway for incorporating urgent reviews in neurology clinics in response to patients reporting concerns, such as a return of seizures or not tolerating medication. ”

    Source location

    Andrew Ewin-Ripp · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 3 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Lack of discharge guidance on notifying clinicians about recurrent seizures

    Wider context from the report

    “There are believed to be around 500-600 SUDEP deaths in the UK each year. SUDEP deaths are common in young adults. The waiting times for outpatient neurology appointments is in the region of 9 months for the trust concerned. The inquest heard from an independent expert that it is not unusual to have waiting times of more than 6 months for outpatient neurology appointments. In the context of these lengthy waiting times, the following matters were of particular concern: (1) GP practices are not required to carry out annual reviews of epilepsy patients, as they are, for other chronic diseases. The independent consultant neurologist considered that annual reviews by general practitioners would provide an excellent safety net to prevent future SUDEP deaths. The reviews could incorporate checks on compliance with medication; reviews of any seizure activity and reminder of ways to reduce the risk of seizures. (2) There is clear national guidance in relation to how quickly patients should be seen following a first seizure, but no clear guidance around the longer-term monitoring of patients with epilepsy. How soon after the last seizure is it safe to discharge a patient? There is no clear guidance on this. (3) After discharge from the secondary care team, there was no clear guidance provided in relation to the importance of maintaining full compliance with medication even if seizure free for a very long period; the importance of notifying the GP and/or the secondary care team about the recurrence of any seizure activity or clear guidance on how best to make contact with the secondary care team in the event of recurrence of seizures. There was no system in place, or guidance, requiring practitioners to ensure that this essential information is passed to patients on discharge. (4) There was no care pathway for incorporating urgent reviews in neurology clinics in response to patients reporting concerns, such as a return of seizures or not tolerating medication. ”

    Source location

    Andrew Ewin-Ripp · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 3 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Lack of clear guidance on longer-term epilepsy monitoring and safe discharge timing

    Wider context from the report

    “There are believed to be around 500-600 SUDEP deaths in the UK each year. SUDEP deaths are common in young adults. The waiting times for outpatient neurology appointments is in the region of 9 months for the trust concerned. The inquest heard from an independent expert that it is not unusual to have waiting times of more than 6 months for outpatient neurology appointments. In the context of these lengthy waiting times, the following matters were of particular concern: (1) GP practices are not required to carry out annual reviews of epilepsy patients, as they are, for other chronic diseases. The independent consultant neurologist considered that annual reviews by general practitioners would provide an excellent safety net to prevent future SUDEP deaths. The reviews could incorporate checks on compliance with medication; reviews of any seizure activity and reminder of ways to reduce the risk of seizures. (2) There is clear national guidance in relation to how quickly patients should be seen following a first seizure, but no clear guidance around the longer-term monitoring of patients with epilepsy. How soon after the last seizure is it safe to discharge a patient? There is no clear guidance on this. (3) After discharge from the secondary care team, there was no clear guidance provided in relation to the importance of maintaining full compliance with medication even if seizure free for a very long period; the importance of notifying the GP and/or the secondary care team about the recurrence of any seizure activity or clear guidance on how best to make contact with the secondary care team in the event of recurrence of seizures. There was no system in place, or guidance, requiring practitioners to ensure that this essential information is passed to patients on discharge. (4) There was no care pathway for incorporating urgent reviews in neurology clinics in response to patients reporting concerns, such as a return of seizures or not tolerating medication. ”

    Source location

    Andrew Ewin-Ripp · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 2 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Provide members with SUDEP and seizure-safety education, including epilepsy-review and safety-checklist resources.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “▪ SUDEP We currently have a resource available to members specifically on SUDEP and Seizure Safety (first produced in 2016 and updated in 2021). https://sudep.org/article/sudep-action-rcgp-launch-sudep-e-learning. It emphasises the role of General Practice in carrying out Epilepsy reviews using video and case studies in a 30min online resource. It highlights the use of the SUDEP and Seizure safety checklist https://sudep.org/checklist with resources for both professionals and patients. This course is free to access to all 54,000 RCGP members.”

    Source location

    Response from Royal College of General Practitioners
    Page 2 · response
    Published 4 April 2024

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Provide an epilepsy diagnosis and management learning module and podcast promoting regular annual review.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “▪ Epilepsy Diagnosis and Management We also have a series of regular Essential Knowledge Updates. In our Update 17 (April 2016 updated April 2024) there is a specific module on Epilepsy Diagnosis and management. A podcast freely available to all in which ████████ talks about and promotes the e learning module highlighting the importance of regular annual review (EKU17: Epilepsy https://podcasts.apple.com/gb/podcast/eku17-epilepsy/id1474942018?i=1000453462614 )”

    Source location

    Response from Royal College of General Practitioners
    Page 2 · response
    Published 4 April 2024

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent position was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    GP practices are required to follow clinical guidelines that include annual epilepsy reviews.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “Your Report raised the concern that GP Practices are not required to carry out annual reviews of epilepsy patients. GP Practices required to follow and pay due regard to clinical guidelines. The National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) has issued clinical guidelines to general practice on annual reviews, including for Epilepsy.”

    Source location

    Response from NHS England
    Page 1 · response
    Published 4 April 2024

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent position was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Commissioning general practice services is the responsibility of NHS England, not the respondent.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “The College is not responsible for Commissioning Services from General Practice. In England this role falls to NHS England. General Practice has however been funded for Epilepsy management through the GMS contract and Quality and Outcomes Framework (QOF) since 2004. There is a requirement to maintain a register of adults receiving drug treatment for Epilepsy (EP001). Between 2004 and 2014 there were 2 additional indicators which fell out of the annual review process i.e. those who were seizure free (EP002) and the number of women receiving information and counselling about reproductive issues (EP003). The EP002 and EP003 indicators were retired in 2014 by NHS England. There has just been a Government Consultation which closed on the 7ᵗʰ March around the future of incentives in General Practice including QOF so there may be changes in coming years.”

    Source location

    Response from Royal College of General Practitioners
    Page 3 · response
    Published 4 April 2024

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent position was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    NICE is responsible for guidelines on long-term epilepsy monitoring and urgent neurology review pathways.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “Your Report also raises the concerns that there is no clear guidance for the long-term monitoring of patients with epilepsy and that there was no care pathway for incorporating urgent reviews in neurology clinics in response to patients reporting concerns. The National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) are responsible for the relevant guidelines: Epilepsies in children, young people and adults (nice.org.uk). Most patients with epilepsy will be discharged from follow-up once they are free of seizures for 12 months. At this point, their medication would only be changed if they had further seizures or other issues arise (such as possible adverse effects or consideration of pregnancy). Some patients with additional issues would be monitored for longer (see section 4.5.1 of the guidance).”

    Source location

    Response from NHS England
    Page 2 · response
    Published 4 April 2024

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent position was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Specific discharge timing recommendations cannot be made because appropriate timing depends on multiple patient-specific variables.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “• For guidance on longer term monitoring of people with epilepsy, and safe discharge timing it is not possible to provide guidance on this that suits all patients with epilepsy as it depends on many variables. The ABN therefore do not feel that it would be appropriate to make specific recommendations regarding timing for discharge. Many patients are now enrolled in patient-initiated follow-up schemes (or equivalent) rather than being fully discharged. Fewer routine reviews may aid seeing people when most needed.”

    Source location

    Response from Royal College of Physicians
    Page 1 · response
    Published 4 April 2024

    Open published response
  3. Essex

    AI-generated summary

    Chloe Anne Tapp · Prevention of Future Deaths report

    This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.

    Report summary

    Chloe Anne Tapp, a 20-year-old with epilepsy and other medical conditions, suffered seizures and respiratory and cardiac arrest on 7 October 2021 and died in hospital on 8 October 2021. The principal concerns included delays transferring her to adult neurology, a telephone consultation despite her being non-verbal, an incorrect and inadequately documented medication tapering regime, and unanswered attempts to obtain clarification. Broader concerns were raised about staffing shortages, unsafe backlogs and difficulties responding to patients and carers within the neurology department.

    Read the report on judiciary.uk

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Failure to implement identified actions addressing unsafe neurology practice

    Wider context from the report

    “Notwithstanding Chloe’s death in 2021, the letter in July 2023 and follow-up in January 2024, many of the more significant actions identified remained as part of an Action Plan. Business cases were being drawn up for a number of areas (but not additional consultants) and these had not yet been approved, nor was it guaranteed that they would be. ”

    Source location

    Chloe Anne Tapp · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 3 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Delays and unsafe processes in investigation reporting and results access

    Wider context from the report

    “The consultant in question gave evidence of a very bleak picture of ongoing practice in the neurology department; a letter from all four consultants in that department had been sent to the Trust in July 2023, where patient care was described as ‘sub-optimal’, and numerous concerns were set out including: o Chronic staff shortages in respect of doctors, nurses and administrative staff within the neurology department o Substantial and unsafe backlogs for first and follow up appointments o Inability to answer, in a timely manner, the volume of phone calls, phone messages and emails from patients/carers raising queries. o The delays / ways in which investigations are carried out and reported, and the way in which clinical staff can access results. ”

    Source location

    Chloe Anne Tapp · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 3 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Provision of medication tapering instructions based on incorrect doses

    Wider context from the report

    “A handwritten note of a tapering regime based on incorrect doses was sent to Chloe. ”

    Source location

    Chloe Anne Tapp · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 3 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Chronic staffing shortages across neurology doctors, nurses and administrative staff

    Wider context from the report

    “The consultant in question gave evidence of a very bleak picture of ongoing practice in the neurology department; a letter from all four consultants in that department had been sent to the Trust in July 2023, where patient care was described as ‘sub-optimal’, and numerous concerns were set out including: o Chronic staff shortages in respect of doctors, nurses and administrative staff within the neurology department o Substantial and unsafe backlogs for first and follow up appointments o Inability to answer, in a timely manner, the volume of phone calls, phone messages and emails from patients/carers raising queries. o The delays / ways in which investigations are carried out and reported, and the way in which clinical staff can access results. ”

    Source location

    Chloe Anne Tapp · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 3 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Failure to establish medication doses and apply appropriate conversion factors

    Wider context from the report

    “An overworked consultant under considerable pressure, did not have time before or during the consultation to establish the dose that Chloe was taking and/or apply the appropriate conversion factor, for medications that can interact negatively at higher doses. ”

    Source location

    Chloe Anne Tapp · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 3 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Unsafe backlogs for neurology first and follow-up appointments

    Wider context from the report

    “The consultant in question gave evidence of a very bleak picture of ongoing practice in the neurology department; a letter from all four consultants in that department had been sent to the Trust in July 2023, where patient care was described as ‘sub-optimal’, and numerous concerns were set out including: o Chronic staff shortages in respect of doctors, nurses and administrative staff within the neurology department o Substantial and unsafe backlogs for first and follow up appointments o Inability to answer, in a timely manner, the volume of phone calls, phone messages and emails from patients/carers raising queries. o The delays / ways in which investigations are carried out and reported, and the way in which clinical staff can access results. ”

    Source location

    Chloe Anne Tapp · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 3 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Failure to deliver medication tapering information through a valid and timely communication channel

    Wider context from the report

    “The same regime was repeated in a letter to the Epilepsy Nurses, but this letter was not received until October 2021 (in paper form) as the initial email was sent to an address that no longer existed. ”

    Source location

    Chloe Anne Tapp · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 3 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Failure to make timely referrals to adult neurology services

    Wider context from the report

    “Neurology departments are so overwhelmed and/or understaffed that a vulnerable young girl (particularly so during the Covid-19 pandemic), was not referred in a timely manner to adult neurology services and in fact, it transpired a referral had not been made at all. This appears to have been done for the first time in August 2021. ”

    Source location

    Chloe Anne Tapp · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 3 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Worsening unsafe condition of the neurology department

    Wider context from the report

    “The state of the department, compared to when Chloe died was described as ‘worse’. ”

    Source location

    Chloe Anne Tapp · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 3 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Failure to provide visual assessment when clinically required

    Wider context from the report

    “An initial consultation with a complex non-verbal patient was arranged over the telephone, notwithstanding the concerns about a tremor which would have required visual assessment. ”

    Source location

    Chloe Anne Tapp · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 3 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Failure to respond to patient communications requiring medication clarification

    Wider context from the report

    “Phone calls and messages left with the neurology department went unanswered, at a time when clarity over the tapering regime was needed. ”

    Source location

    Chloe Anne Tapp · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 3 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Insufficient national neurologist capacity relative to demand

    Wider context from the report

    “The independent consultant neurologist in giving evidence expressed that this was not an unfamiliar picture across a number of different Trusts and that there was a recognised shortage of neurologists and increase in demand for that speciality nationally. ”

    Source location

    Chloe Anne Tapp · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 4 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Failure to answer patient and carer communications in a timely manner

    Wider context from the report

    “The consultant in question gave evidence of a very bleak picture of ongoing practice in the neurology department; a letter from all four consultants in that department had been sent to the Trust in July 2023, where patient care was described as ‘sub-optimal’, and numerous concerns were set out including: o Chronic staff shortages in respect of doctors, nurses and administrative staff within the neurology department o Substantial and unsafe backlogs for first and follow up appointments o Inability to answer, in a timely manner, the volume of phone calls, phone messages and emails from patients/carers raising queries. o The delays / ways in which investigations are carried out and reported, and the way in which clinical staff can access results. ”

    Source location

    Chloe Anne Tapp · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 3 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Failure to record medication tapering regimes in clinical notes

    Wider context from the report

    “No note was made of the tapering regime for the medication change in Chloe’s notes. ”

    Source location

    Chloe Anne Tapp · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 3 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Unsafe practice in the neurology department

    Wider context from the report

    “A further letter was sent by Chloe’s consultant in January 2024 in lieu of her attending a meeting where progress was to be discussed. That letter highlighted that, not only did the concerns remain live, she believed that the department had now reached levels of ‘unsafe practice’. ”

    Source location

    Chloe Anne Tapp · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 3 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Continue implementing and monitoring actions from the Serious Incident investigation and neurology improvement action plan.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “The matters raised in the Consultant’s letter in July 2023 were of great concern. I am aware my colleague Dr David Walker, Chief Medical Officer, wrote to you at the time to confirm the work we were taking to ensure the service was safe, a copy of his letter is attached. Our Serious Incident investigation went on to investigate these concerns, and those findings have informed the detailed action plan attached.”

    Source location

    Response from Mid and South Essex NHS
    Page 4 · response
    Published 6 March 2024

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Conduct a GIRFT review visit to Mid and South Essex NHS Foundation Trust’s neurology department.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “Having considered your Report and the concerns raised, a GIRFT visit to Mid and South Essex NHS Foundation Trust has been arranged to review the specific situation within their Neurology department.”

    Source location

    Response from NHS England
    Page 2 · response
    Published 6 March 2024

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Appoint two nursing posts within the neurology team.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “We now have two nursing posts within the team, both roles have recently been appointed to. Our overall administrative support has also increased and additional funding for administrative staff has been obtained for our Multiple Sclerosis service that sits under the Neurology umbrella.”

    Source location

    Response from Mid and South Essex NHS
    Page 4 · response
    Published 6 March 2024

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Increase neurology administrative support and obtain additional funding for administrative staff in the Multiple Sclerosis service.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “We now have two nursing posts within the team, both roles have recently been appointed to. Our overall administrative support has also increased and additional funding for administrative staff has been obtained for our Multiple Sclerosis service that sits under the Neurology umbrella.”

    Source location

    Response from Mid and South Essex NHS
    Page 4 · response
    Published 6 March 2024

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Establish neurology medical staffing with four consultants and three specialty doctors, with annual staffing-needs review.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “In addition to this, we have invested in staffing within the neurology service. Our medical staffing is now fully established which includes four consultants and three specialty doctors. Our medical staffing is reviewed annually to check the needs of the service are properly met.”

    Source location

    Response from Mid and South Essex NHS
    Page 4 · response
    Published 6 March 2024

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Deliver the Long Term Workforce Plan, expanding domestic education, training and recruitment while improving culture, leadership and staff wellbeing.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “NHS England is also working at a national level to deliver the Long Term Workforce Plan which was published in June 2023. This is a robust and effective strategy to ensure we have the right number of people, with the right skills and support in place to be able to deliver the kind of care people need. It heralds the start of the biggest recruitment drive in health service history, but also of an ongoing programme of strategic workforce planning. It includes ambitious commitments to grow the workforce by significantly expanding domestic education, training and recruitment, as well as actions aimed at improving culture, leadership and wellbeing so that more staff are retained in NHS employment over the next 15 years.”

    Source location

    Response from NHS England
    Page 3 · response
    Published 6 March 2024

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Audit neurology clinic records for record-keeping compliance and conduct quarterly reviews for divisional governance assurance.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “To ensure adherence to the expected standards we have completed an audit of neurology clinic records during February and March 2024.The results of this audit showed overall good compliance with dictation, headers, footers, and onward referrals. Small deviations that were picked up were fed back to the team and actioned. Audit reviews will continue quarterly to provide assurance to the divisional governance meeting. These are in addition to the Trust wide record keeping audits.”

    Source location

    Response from Mid and South Essex NHS
    Page 3 · response
    Published 6 March 2024

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Develop national neurology guidance and specifications supporting integrated care, including epilepsy services.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “NHS England’s Neurology Programme is in the process of developing guidance and specifications to support Systems and NHS Trusts to develop integrated care for neurology services, including epilepsy. However, this cannot directly impact issues arising from funding shortfalls in individual services or challenges with recruitment and retention of appropriately qualified medical and nursing staff in some parts of the country, as raised in your Report.”

    Source location

    Response from NHS England
    Page 2 · response
    Published 6 March 2024

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Publish and disseminate a national bundle of care for children and young people with epilepsy, including transition recommendations.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “Transition pathways from paediatric to adult services are a particular point of risk with variable processes across the country, with both paediatric and adult neurology services stretched. This is particularly a recognised issue for epilepsy. NHS England’s Paediatrics Programme recently published the national bundle of care for children and young people with epilepsy. Published in October 2023, and builds on existing guidance from the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE), it is aimed at clinicians by outlining specific recommendations for integrated care systems on the provision of care for children and young people with epilepsy particularly around transition.”

    Source location

    Response from NHS England
    Page 2 · response
    Published 6 March 2024

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Operate specialist neurology consultations in person rather than routinely by telephone for clinically vulnerable, complex patients.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “We agree that a telephone appointment was not appropriate to fully assess Chloe’s clinical presentation on this occasion. However, at that time we were operating clinics differently to manage the significant risks presented by the COVID-19 pandemic.”

    Source location

    Response from Mid and South Essex NHS
    Page 2 · response
    Published 6 March 2024

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Communicate and reinforce the requirement that medication tapering regimes are recorded in notes and scanned into electronic patient records.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “It is our usual practice to record tapering regimes in patient notes, and this is the expected standard as set out in our clinical record keeping standards policy. The regime was recorded in the letter to Chloe’s GP dated 8 September 2021, however the related table drawn up by the Consultant should have been included in Chloe’s notes.”

    Source location

    Response from Mid and South Essex NHS
    Page 2 · response
    Published 6 March 2024

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent position was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Many concerns about Chloe’s care fall within the NHS Foundation Trust’s remit rather than NHS England’s national programme or policy remit.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “In your Report you raise concerns over pressures being placed on neurology departments and that there was a recognised shortage of neurologists amid an increase in demand. This response focuses on the concerns raised relevant to NHS England national programme or policy. Many of your concerns around the quality of care delivered to Chloe sit within the remit of Mid and South Essex NHS Foundation Trust, and I note that you have also addressed your Report to them.”

    Source location

    Response from NHS England
    Page 1 · response
    Published 6 March 2024

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent position was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    The consultant had time to establish Chloe’s dose because it was documented and clinic capacity was available before the appointment.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “Chloe’s then current dose was readily available to the Consultant prior to her appointment, it was listed on the second page of the GP letter 10 August 2021. We have reviewed the clinic that took place on 3 September 2021 and can confirm that prior to Chloe’s appointment there was one unfilled clinical slot. This is a slot we plan to keep free for urgent/ unexpected cases; and there was one further patient who did not attend. We therefore consider the consultant had time to establish Chloe’s current dose prior to the consultation.”

    Source location

    Response from Mid and South Essex NHS
    Page 2 · response
    Published 6 March 2024

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent position was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    National guidance cannot directly address funding shortfalls or recruitment and retention challenges in individual neurology services.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “NHS England’s Neurology Programme is in the process of developing guidance and specifications to support Systems and NHS Trusts to develop integrated care for neurology services, including epilepsy. However, this cannot directly impact issues arising from funding shortfalls in individual services or challenges with recruitment and retention of appropriately qualified medical and nursing staff in some parts of the country, as raised in your Report.”

    Source location

    Response from NHS England
    Page 2 · response
    Published 6 March 2024

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent position was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Trusts are responsible for ensuring safe staffing levels during the day-to-day operation of their hospitals.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “These actions will aim to close anticipated staffing shortfalls in the NHS in the long term, however Trusts have a responsibility to ensure safe staffing levels in the current day to day operation of their hospitals. This is in line with Care Quality Commission (CQC) Regulation 18 which states that providers must deploy enough suitably qualified, competent, and experienced staff to enable them to meet all other regulatory requirements.”

    Source location

    Response from NHS England
    Page 3 · response
    Published 6 March 2024

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent position was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    The Trust considers its neurology staffing establishment appropriate to meet service needs after staffing increases and annual review arrangements.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “In addition to this, we have invested in staffing within the neurology service. Our medical staffing is now fully established which includes four consultants and three specialty doctors. Our medical staffing is reviewed annually to check the needs of the service are properly met.”

    Source location

    Response from Mid and South Essex NHS
    Page 4 · response
    Published 6 March 2024

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent position was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Consultants already had 24/7 pharmacy support and online resources for dosage-conversion queries, although the available support was not accessed.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “Our consultants are also supported by the pharmacy team who are available 24/7 to assist with dosage conversion queries and ad hoc queries. They also have access to online support and resources. Unfortunately, the consultant did not access this support.”

    Source location

    Response from Mid and South Essex NHS
    Page 2 · response
    Published 6 March 2024

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent position was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    The delay in referral was not attributable to the Trust, which disputes responsibility for the alleged failure to refer Chloe to adult neurology.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “We acknowledge your concern that there was a delay in Chloe’s referral to adult neurology services, however this delay was not attributable to Mid and South Essex Hospital NHS Foundation Trust. Chloe was known to our paediatric services however, once she reached 16 years of age her epilepsy was managed by the Royal London Hospital in conjunction with her GP; we did not receive any communication from them relating to her transitional care.”

    Source location

    Response from Mid and South Essex NHS
    Page 1 · response
    Published 6 March 2024

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent position was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    After age 16, Chloe’s epilepsy was managed by the Royal London Hospital and her GP, who were responsible for transitional communication.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “We acknowledge your concern that there was a delay in Chloe’s referral to adult neurology services, however this delay was not attributable to Mid and South Essex Hospital NHS Foundation Trust. Chloe was known to our paediatric services however, once she reached 16 years of age her epilepsy was managed by the Royal London Hospital in conjunction with her GP; we did not receive any communication from them relating to her transitional care.”

    Source location

    Response from Mid and South Essex NHS
    Page 1 · response
    Published 6 March 2024

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent position was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Telephone assessment was selected as safer during the COVID-19 pandemic because Chloe was clinically vulnerable to potentially life-threatening infection.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “We agree that a telephone appointment was not appropriate to fully assess Chloe’s clinical presentation on this occasion. However, at that time we were operating clinics differently to manage the significant risks presented by the COVID-19 pandemic.”

    Source location

    Response from Mid and South Essex NHS
    Page 2 · response
    Published 6 March 2024

    Open published response
  4. Staffordshire and Stoke-on-Trent

    AI-generated summary

    Joshua Ethan BURGESS · Prevention of Future Deaths report

    This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.

    Report summary

    Joshua Ethan Burgess, who had epilepsy and Lennox-Gastaut syndrome, died at home on 19 November 2022 after vomiting and aspirating during an epileptic seizure. The report identifies concerns about communication and prescribing processes for Brivaracetam, including failures to update the prescription, medication being withheld for several days, and a subsequent increase to 10ml twice daily despite information that 4ml twice daily was appropriate.

    Read the report on judiciary.uk

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Failure to refer dosage-clarification correspondence to a clinician

    Wider context from the report

    “1. The Neurology department of the Royal Stoke University Hospital operated a system whereby it did not instruct the prescribing GP to amend the prescription of Brivaracetam when changes to dosage had been agreed with Mr Burgess’ mother. The evidence from the Consultant Neurologist was that an assumption was made that when changes to medication had been discussed and agreed that Mr Burgess’ mother would attend the GP surgery to discuss the changes in medication. The same witness gave evidence that it was assumed a pharmacist within the GP surgery would read the correspondence from the neurology department and make the necessary changes to prescriptions without express instructions to do so. 2. The “workflow” within the Brook Medical Centre was such that letters sent from the Neurology department discussing changes in medication (albeit not containing a request to amend the prescription) were processed by support staff and not referred to a clinician to consider and so no changes were made to the prescription. 3. The letter of 27 July 2022 from the Neurology department to Brook Medical Centre seeking clarification as to the correct dosage of Brivaracetam was processed by support staff and a summary medications sent without referral to a clinician. 4. Godfrey Care were informed by Mr Burgess’ mother and the Neurology department of Royal Stoke University that the appropriate dose of Brivaracetam was 4ml twice daily. Medication was withheld between 22-26 July 2022 due to the information not being in writing from the prescriber, however the evidence at inquest was that 10ml twice daily was commenced on 26 July 2022 following a call to the 111 service. ”

    Source location

    Joshua Ethan BURGESS · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 3 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Failure to refer medication-change correspondence to a clinician for consideration

    Wider context from the report

    “1. The Neurology department of the Royal Stoke University Hospital operated a system whereby it did not instruct the prescribing GP to amend the prescription of Brivaracetam when changes to dosage had been agreed with Mr Burgess’ mother. The evidence from the Consultant Neurologist was that an assumption was made that when changes to medication had been discussed and agreed that Mr Burgess’ mother would attend the GP surgery to discuss the changes in medication. The same witness gave evidence that it was assumed a pharmacist within the GP surgery would read the correspondence from the neurology department and make the necessary changes to prescriptions without express instructions to do so. 2. The “workflow” within the Brook Medical Centre was such that letters sent from the Neurology department discussing changes in medication (albeit not containing a request to amend the prescription) were processed by support staff and not referred to a clinician to consider and so no changes were made to the prescription. 3. The letter of 27 July 2022 from the Neurology department to Brook Medical Centre seeking clarification as to the correct dosage of Brivaracetam was processed by support staff and a summary medications sent without referral to a clinician. 4. Godfrey Care were informed by Mr Burgess’ mother and the Neurology department of Royal Stoke University that the appropriate dose of Brivaracetam was 4ml twice daily. Medication was withheld between 22-26 July 2022 due to the information not being in writing from the prescriber, however the evidence at inquest was that 10ml twice daily was commenced on 26 July 2022 following a call to the 111 service. ”

    Source location

    Joshua Ethan BURGESS · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 3 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Failure to give the prescribing GP express instructions to amend Brivaracetam prescriptions after dosage changes

    Wider context from the report

    “1. The Neurology department of the Royal Stoke University Hospital operated a system whereby it did not instruct the prescribing GP to amend the prescription of Brivaracetam when changes to dosage had been agreed with Mr Burgess’ mother. The evidence from the Consultant Neurologist was that an assumption was made that when changes to medication had been discussed and agreed that Mr Burgess’ mother would attend the GP surgery to discuss the changes in medication. The same witness gave evidence that it was assumed a pharmacist within the GP surgery would read the correspondence from the neurology department and make the necessary changes to prescriptions without express instructions to do so. 2. The “workflow” within the Brook Medical Centre was such that letters sent from the Neurology department discussing changes in medication (albeit not containing a request to amend the prescription) were processed by support staff and not referred to a clinician to consider and so no changes were made to the prescription. 3. The letter of 27 July 2022 from the Neurology department to Brook Medical Centre seeking clarification as to the correct dosage of Brivaracetam was processed by support staff and a summary medications sent without referral to a clinician. 4. Godfrey Care were informed by Mr Burgess’ mother and the Neurology department of Royal Stoke University that the appropriate dose of Brivaracetam was 4ml twice daily. Medication was withheld between 22-26 July 2022 due to the information not being in writing from the prescriber, however the evidence at inquest was that 10ml twice daily was commenced on 26 July 2022 following a call to the 111 service. ”

    Source location

    Joshua Ethan BURGESS · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 3 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Failure to maintain a reliable written basis for Brivaracetam dosage administration

    Wider context from the report

    “1. The Neurology department of the Royal Stoke University Hospital operated a system whereby it did not instruct the prescribing GP to amend the prescription of Brivaracetam when changes to dosage had been agreed with Mr Burgess’ mother. The evidence from the Consultant Neurologist was that an assumption was made that when changes to medication had been discussed and agreed that Mr Burgess’ mother would attend the GP surgery to discuss the changes in medication. The same witness gave evidence that it was assumed a pharmacist within the GP surgery would read the correspondence from the neurology department and make the necessary changes to prescriptions without express instructions to do so. 2. The “workflow” within the Brook Medical Centre was such that letters sent from the Neurology department discussing changes in medication (albeit not containing a request to amend the prescription) were processed by support staff and not referred to a clinician to consider and so no changes were made to the prescription. 3. The letter of 27 July 2022 from the Neurology department to Brook Medical Centre seeking clarification as to the correct dosage of Brivaracetam was processed by support staff and a summary medications sent without referral to a clinician. 4. Godfrey Care were informed by Mr Burgess’ mother and the Neurology department of Royal Stoke University that the appropriate dose of Brivaracetam was 4ml twice daily. Medication was withheld between 22-26 July 2022 due to the information not being in writing from the prescriber, however the evidence at inquest was that 10ml twice daily was commenced on 26 July 2022 following a call to the 111 service. ”

    Source location

    Joshua Ethan BURGESS · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 3 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Implement a local medication policy covering medication receipt, transcription, altered labels, missed doses, written prescribing confirmation and triangulation between prescribers.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “Reviewed Policies and Procedures The following actions will be implemented by 1st April 2024.”

    Source location

    Response from Godfrey Care
    Page 2 · response
    Published 21 February 2024

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Review internal policies and procedures against the coroner’s concerns and identify necessary changes.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “Godfrey Care Response We intend to review our internal policies and procedures considering the coroners concerns and identify where changes need to be made. Below, we respond to the coroner’s areas of concern, setting out what we have already done, what we are doing now, and what we intend to do in the future.”

    Source location

    Response from Godfrey Care
    Page 1 · response
    Published 21 February 2024

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Update staff medication competency assessments to test clarification of unclear directions, MAR-label discrepancies and verbal medication changes.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “3 The Staff Medication Competency Assessment has been reviewed and now includes the following questions.”

    Source location

    Response from Godfrey Care
    Page 3 · response
    Published 21 February 2024

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Have a GP review and triage all neurology correspondence and clinic letters received by Brook Medical Centre.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “2. We have discussed the above process with nominated individuals from the ICS. Due to the timeframes that would be required for the creation of standardised template for clinic letters within the ‘Medisec’ system across the Trust, we are reiterating the Trust standards and ████████ has agreed, with immediate effect, that all clinic letters received from neurology will be reviewed by a GP at Brook Medical Centre. This has been implemented due to the acknowledgement that neurological conditions are often complex, and it is more likely that they will require frequent medication changes, titration and/or closer monitoring.”

    Source location

    Response from University Hospitals of North Midlands
    Page 2 · response
    Published 21 February 2024

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Require GP review and triage of all neurology correspondence received by Brook Medical Centre.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “2. We have discussed the above process with nominated individuals from the ICS. Due to the timeframes that would be required for the creation of standardised template for clinic letters within the ‘Medisec’ system across the Trust, we are reiterating the Trust standards and ████████ has agreed, with immediate effect, that all clinic letters received from neurology will be reviewed by a GP at Brook Medical Centre. This has been implemented due to the acknowledgement that neurological conditions are often complex, and it is more likely that they will require frequent medication changes, titration and/or closer monitoring.”

    Source location

    Response from University Hospitals of North Midlands
    Page 4 · response
    Published 21 February 2024

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Develop a standardised Medisec clinic-letter template specifying medication changes and clear prescribing actions for primary care.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “1. The Trust’s outpatient clinic letter standards describe the structure of clinic letters based on standard headings. You will recall that ████████ (GP) gave evidence at the inquest to the effect that there were areas in the acute Trust setting which already provided discharge information which he considered to be of a ‘gold standard.’ The Trust is committed to working towards improving compliance with these standards. To support this, we are working towards creation of a standardised template in our ‘Medisec’ system (system where letters are created). This will include a section for changes to medications and clear actions for those in the primary care setting, for example, instructions for the prescribing GP to amend prescriptions.”

    Source location

    Response from University Hospitals of North Midlands
    Page 2 · response
    Published 21 February 2024

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Update weekly and monthly managers’ medication audits to verify written authorisation, dosage changes and timely receipt of replacement prescriptions.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “• Run through the reviewed managers monthly medication audit to ensure expectations are clear.”

    Source location

    Response from Godfrey Care
    Page 1 · response
    Published 21 February 2024

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Develop a standardised clinic-letter template specifying medication changes and clear actions for prescribing GPs.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “1. The Trust’s outpatient clinic letter standards describe the structure of clinic letters based on standard headings. You will recall that ████████ (GP) gave evidence at the inquest to the effect that there were areas in the acute Trust settings which already provided discharge information which he considered to be of a ‘gold standard.’ The Trust is committed to working towards improving compliance with these standards. To support this, we are working towards creation of a standardised template in our ‘Medisec’ system (system where letters are created). This will include a section for changes to medications and clear actions for those in the primary care setting, for example, instructions for the prescribing GP to amend prescriptions.”

    Source location

    Response from University Hospitals of North Midlands
    Page 4 · response
    Published 21 February 2024

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent position was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    A standardised clinic-letter template cannot be created immediately because implementation across the Trust requires substantial timeframes.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “2. We have discussed the above process with nominated individuals from the ICS. Due to the timeframes that would be required for the creation of standardised template for clinic letters within the ‘Medisec’ system across the Trust, we are reiterating the Trust standards and ████████ has agreed, with immediate effect, that all clinic letters received from neurology will be reviewed by a GP at Brook Medical Centre. This has been implemented due to the acknowledgement that neurological conditions are often complex, and it is more likely that they will require frequent medication changes, titration and/or closer monitoring.”

    Source location

    Response from University Hospitals of North Midlands
    Page 4 · response
    Published 21 February 2024

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent position was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    The delay in administering medication did not contribute to the death.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “4. Whilst this concern is not directly addressed to the acute Trust (UHNM) or Brook medical Centre, it has been considered as part of the wider learning following Joshua’s death. Medications for epilepsy is considered across the healthcare economy to be ‘critical’. The National Patient Safety Agency (2010) defined critical medicines as ‘medicines which can result in patient death or serious harm if there are delays in their administration’. Whist the Coroner found that the delay in administering medications on this occasion did not contribute to Joshua’s death, we believe that further education within the care home setting is required. With this in mind, we will work together with the local authority to ensure that up to date communications are shared across the Stoke on Trent and North Staffordshire health and social care economy to reiterate this message.”

    Source location

    Response from University Hospitals of North Midlands
    Page 4 · response
    Published 21 February 2024

    Open published response
  5. East Sussex

    AI-generated summary

    Trevor Alan MONERVILLE · Prevention of Future Deaths report

    This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.

    Report summary

    Trevor Alan Monerville, who had been detained at HMP Lewes, was found unresponsive in his cell on 18 April 2021 and died after suffering from epilepsy and non-epileptic attack disorder. The principal concerns were inadequate monitoring and management of his epilepsy after the ACCT closed, poor communication and information-sharing between healthcare, prison staff and family, and insufficient staff training in managing epilepsy and seizures.

    Read the report on judiciary.uk

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Lack of a mechanism to report medication non-compliance to Security

    Wider context from the report

    “b. Communication between healthcare and prison staff especially when Trevor was returned to the wing, between the prison staff and family, briefing by prison managers to officers on the wing about Trevor’s condition were all inadequate. Evidence was heard about the lack of integration of various IT systems which contributed to poor communication. In spite of the evidence from PPG regarding the sensitivity of medical records which should not be disclosed to the prison staff, I remain concerned that there was no effective monitoring and management of Trevor on the wing once the ACCT was closed. There was no mechanism in place for prison and healthcare staff to report their concerns about Trevor’s non compliance with taking his medication to Security, thus preventing the cell from being searched for retained medication. ”

    Source location

    Trevor Alan MONERVILLE · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 2 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Lack of prison staff training in managing long-term health conditions on the wings

    Wider context from the report

    “c. There was a lack of training of prison staff in dealing with long term health conditions such as epilepsy on the wings. I understand there is a deficit in national policy within the prison service to manage and support prisoners with epilepsy and seizures. ”

    Source location

    Trevor Alan MONERVILLE · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 2 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Failure of the CSRA policy to protect prisoners with relevant medical conditions

    Wider context from the report

    “a. Consideration should be given to the review of the treatment, monitoring and management of patients with a history of epilepsy or seizures by both the prison staff and healthcare staff. In particular, there was no seizure care plan, no seizure diary and once the ACCT had closed on 10th March 2021, there was no formal mechanism of monitoring Trevor’s condition. Further, the ACCT is not a suitable mechanism for such monitoring. The CSRA policy is designed to protect other prisoners, but not those who suffer from medical conditions as Trevor suffered. PPG in their evidence to be considered relating to PFD matters state that a care plan dashboard is now in place at HMP Lewes but this does not appear to be individualized or tailored to the prisoner’s clinical requirements. ”

    Source location

    Trevor Alan MONERVILLE · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 2 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Lack of individualized seizure care planning and monitoring

    Wider context from the report

    “a. Consideration should be given to the review of the treatment, monitoring and management of patients with a history of epilepsy or seizures by both the prison staff and healthcare staff. In particular, there was no seizure care plan, no seizure diary and once the ACCT had closed on 10th March 2021, there was no formal mechanism of monitoring Trevor’s condition. Further, the ACCT is not a suitable mechanism for such monitoring. The CSRA policy is designed to protect other prisoners, but not those who suffer from medical conditions as Trevor suffered. PPG in their evidence to be considered relating to PFD matters state that a care plan dashboard is now in place at HMP Lewes but this does not appear to be individualized or tailored to the prisoner’s clinical requirements. ”

    Source location

    Trevor Alan MONERVILLE · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 2 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Inadequate communication about prisoners’ health conditions

    Wider context from the report

    “b. Communication between healthcare and prison staff especially when Trevor was returned to the wing, between the prison staff and family, briefing by prison managers to officers on the wing about Trevor’s condition were all inadequate. Evidence was heard about the lack of integration of various IT systems which contributed to poor communication. In spite of the evidence from PPG regarding the sensitivity of medical records which should not be disclosed to the prison staff, I remain concerned that there was no effective monitoring and management of Trevor on the wing once the ACCT was closed. There was no mechanism in place for prison and healthcare staff to report their concerns about Trevor’s non compliance with taking his medication to Security, thus preventing the cell from being searched for retained medication. ”

    Source location

    Trevor Alan MONERVILLE · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 2 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Deficit in national policy for managing and supporting prisoners with epilepsy and seizures

    Wider context from the report

    “c. There was a lack of training of prison staff in dealing with long term health conditions such as epilepsy on the wings. I understand there is a deficit in national policy within the prison service to manage and support prisoners with epilepsy and seizures. ”

    Source location

    Trevor Alan MONERVILLE · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 2 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Use confidential intelligence reports to notify Security when patients may be stockpiling medication.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “Pharmacy technicians manage medication compliance. They have now been given wings to lead on so that they have full oversight of patients on their own wing. SystmOne assists with supporting the identity of patients who have missed doses. In addition, the IR process is in place if it is believed or suspected that a patient might be stockpiling. An IR is an intelligence report that will be received confidentially by the security department.”

    Source location

    Response from Practice Plus Group
    Page 4 · response
    Published 19 January 2024

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Deliver First Aid at Work and Emergency First Aid training to identified prison staff, including responses to seizures.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “HMPPS undertake First Aid needs assessments to ensure that sufficient emergency aid response is available on each site. First Aid at Work and Emergency First Aid training courses are delivered to identified prison staff, which includes emergency response to both minor and major seizures.”

    Source location

    Response from HM Prison and Probation Service
    Page 2 · response
    Published 19 January 2024

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Create and maintain a SystmOne care plan hub with epilepsy templates and review-template links.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “Practice Plus Group made it an organisational priority for 2023 to ensure that the use of personalised care plans is embedded throughout sites at which Practice Plus Group is the healthcare provider. Using the limited capacity in which Practice Plus Group can make changes to SystmOne, the electronic medical records system, a care plan hub has been created to support clinical staff in accessing appropriate templates. This includes a specific care plan to support management of epilepsy and a direct link to the epilepsy care plan has been added within the review template for epilepsy annual reviews. Staff received training on the use of the care planning hub on SystmOne via workshops, regular updates and in June 2023 staff received a care plan guide.”

    Source location

    Response from Practice Plus Group
    Page 2 · response
    Published 19 January 2024

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Use SystmOne recalls to schedule, monitor and allocate long-term-condition reviews.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “Care planning workshops for the healthcare teams at HMP Lewes were facilitated by the national and regional primary care leads. The SystmOne recall functionality is being utilised to ensure a systematic approach is adopted for long term condition reviews and that these are monitored and staff allocated to book patients into clinics when required. Healthcare staff working at HMP Lewes have also been provided with access to a training module ‘Epilepsy training for primary care nurses’. This training is there to provide support on identifying different types of seizures, treatment review etc.”

    Source location

    Response from Practice Plus Group
    Page 2 · response
    Published 19 January 2024

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Review samples of epilepsy care plans for quality improvement and alignment with national guidelines.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “Practice Plus Group amended the process for reporting on care plans approximately 18 months ago and have seen positive progress in the quantitative data. Over the last 3-4 months a process to review a small sample of these plans to support quality improvement and align with national guidelines has been started. As HMP Lewes is a remand site, the completion rate will always be variable whilst new patients await their initial long term condition review. On review for December 2023, 83% of patients with epilepsy at HMP Lewes now have a documented care plan. The team are striving to achieve 100%, however the data taken at the end of the month is reflective of the prison’s population at that point in time and new arrivals in the last few days/week who have not yet received a long term conditions review would affect this figure.”

    Source location

    Response from Practice Plus Group
    Page 3 · response
    Published 19 January 2024

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Complete epilepsy reviews and agree individualized care plans with patients.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “Response: Oversight of patients with long term conditions is currently being carried out by the long term conditions nurse and primary care nurses, supported by the regional primary care lead and inclusive of prescribers where applicable. In order to ensure that patients with epilepsy are monitored and supported through a patient-centred approach, the long term conditions nurse has been completing reviews and agreeing a personal care plan with the patient that is specific to their individual needs. This is aligned with the wider work that has taken place on long term conditions management pathways.”

    Source location

    Response from Practice Plus Group
    Page 2 · response
    Published 19 January 2024

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Audit and monitor long-term-condition care plans to maintain progress.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “The most recent inspection report from HMIP/CQC dated 23 February 2023 states “Patients with long-term conditions had timely reviews, and a new care plan hub made sure clinicians and patients jointly managed care, which was safe and well-coordinated”. We will continue to regularly audit and monitor the long term conditions care plans of patients at HMP Lewes to ensure progress is maintained.”

    Source location

    Response from Practice Plus Group
    Page 3 · response
    Published 19 January 2024

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Train healthcare staff to use the care planning hub through workshops, updates and guidance.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “Practice Plus Group made it an organisational priority for 2023 to ensure that the use of personalised care plans is embedded throughout sites at which Practice Plus Group is the healthcare provider. Using the limited capacity in which Practice Plus Group can make changes to SystmOne, the electronic medical records system, a care plan hub has been created to support clinical staff in accessing appropriate templates. This includes a specific care plan to support management of epilepsy and a direct link to the epilepsy care plan has been added within the review template for epilepsy annual reviews. Staff received training on the use of the care planning hub on SystmOne via workshops, regular updates and in June 2023 staff received a care plan guide.”

    Source location

    Response from Practice Plus Group
    Page 2 · response
    Published 19 January 2024

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Work with NHS England to clarify routine health-information sharing and processes for risk or safeguarding concerns.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “HMPPS recognises that, information sharing is vital to effective health management of people in prison and is working closely with NHSE to increase staff confidence and support effective information sharing by offering clarity about the general and routine sharing of health information and where risk/safeguarding concerns have been raised.”

    Source location

    Response from HM Prison and Probation Service
    Page 2 · response
    Published 19 January 2024

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Implement Regional Multi Professional Complex Case Clinic escalation for the most complex patients.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “Practice Plus Group operates an integrated healthcare model. Any patients pending transfer back to the main wing with ongoing needs are to be discussed at the Multi Professional Complex Case Clinic (MPCCC) prior to transfer. This allows oversight of all departments within the integrated team and a holistic complex care plan to be created. The MPCCC is led by the GP, attended by all clinical leads, and any relevant staff involved in patient care. For individual cases prison partners may be invited to attend and a care plan created with a named coordinator allocated. Practice Plus Group has now implemented a further point of escalation to Regional MPCCC. For the most complex of patients, attendees will include healthcare, prison staff and, on occasion, representatives from NHS England.”

    Source location

    Response from Practice Plus Group
    Page 4 · response
    Published 19 January 2024

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent position was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Existing information-sharing protocols and weekly meetings are considered appropriate for communication and management of complex safety concerns.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “There are Information Sharing protocols in place, as directed by national policy, which underpin the exchange of information between healthcare and prison staff. There are several regular meetings involving healthcare and prison staff where individual issues are raised and addressed, including the Safety Intervention Meeting and Multi-Disciplinary Complex Case Clinic, both of which are held weekly.”

    Source location

    Response from HM Prison and Probation Service
    Page 1 · response
    Published 19 January 2024

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent position was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Training prison staff to manage epilepsy and seizures is a matter for His Majesty’s Prison and Probation Service.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “Response: This concern is for His Majesty’s Prison and Probation Service to address. However, as always Practice Plus Group are committed to working collaboratively with our prison colleagues to support the safety and wellbeing of our patients and would fully support any prison led epilepsy awareness campaign for officers and wing staff.”

    Source location

    Response from Practice Plus Group
    Page 4 · response
    Published 19 January 2024

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent position was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    PPG decides whether prisoners with epilepsy require standard or inpatient placement; HMPPS facilitates any required move.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “As was heard at the inquest, the creation of a seizure care plan and seizure diary, a clinical matter, falls within the responsibility of the healthcare provider at HMP Lewes, Practice Plus Group (PPG). It is within PPG’s remit to decide which prisoners are fit to be managed on a standard wing and, where a health condition such as epilepsy is identified, whether the severity of this means they should be located on the inpatient wing. HMPPS will facilitate a move to the inpatient unit where this is required.”

    Source location

    Response from HM Prison and Probation Service
    Page 1 · response
    Published 19 January 2024

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent position was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Healthcare provider PPG is responsible for seizure care plans, diaries and long-term health management; prison staff facilitate its instructions.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “As was heard at the inquest, the creation of a seizure care plan and seizure diary, a clinical matter, falls within the responsibility of the healthcare provider at HMP Lewes, Practice Plus Group (PPG). It is within PPG’s remit to decide which prisoners are fit to be managed on a standard wing and, where a health condition such as epilepsy is identified, whether the severity of this means they should be located on the inpatient wing. HMPPS will facilitate a move to the inpatient unit where this is required.”

    Source location

    Response from HM Prison and Probation Service
    Page 1 · response
    Published 19 January 2024

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent position was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Practice Plus Group cannot resolve integration of healthcare and prison IT systems because SystmOne is commissioned by NHS England and medical records are confidential.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “As to lack of integration of various systems, this is not an issue that Practice Plus Group can resolve. SystmOne is commissioned by NHS England and Practice Plus Group is commissioned to use SystmOne. As with patients in the community, medical records are highly sensitive and personal to the individual. They are not shared with prison staff for reasons of medical confidentiality.”

    Source location

    Response from Practice Plus Group
    Page 4 · response
    Published 19 January 2024

    Open published response
  6. Suffolk

    AI-generated summary

    Nuel-Junior DZERNJO · Prevention of Future Deaths report

    This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.

    Report summary

    Nuel-Junior Dzernjo, who was receiving high-dose steroids and was immunosuppressed, developed chicken pox and deteriorated after being assessed at hospital on 21 February 2023. He was discharged despite ongoing abnormal observations, inability to mobilise and confusion, then deteriorated at home and died after collapsing the following day. The investigation identified unclear guidance on treatment, including whether intravenous rather than oral Acyclovir was indicated.

    Read the report on judiciary.uk

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Lack of clear guidance on the appropriate route of Acyclovir treatment

    Wider context from the report

    “During the course of my investigation into the death of Nuel-Junior I instructed an independent paediatric expert to review his management and opine on causation. During the course of hearing the evidence from the expert and all of the treating clinicians it became clear that there was some potentially relevant guidance available but it lacked clarity. Here intravenous Acyclovir, if prescribed, may have prevented Nuel-Junior's death but he was instead prescribed oral Acyclovir which was unlikely to have made a difference. Had clear guidance been available then Nuel-Junior's death may have been prevented. ”

    Source location

    Nuel-Junior DZERNJO · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 2 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Share report-derived information and local improvement suggestions with paediatric members through the patient safety portal, including promoting BNFC guidance.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “The College will be sharing information and suggestions for local improvement from your report with our paediatric members via its patient safety portal, including the promotion of the BNFC guidance to improve awareness across the profession. The information within your report will also be shared for discussion with the RCPCH Clinical Quality in Practice group in early Spring, where further actions may be identified.”

    Source location

    Response from Royal College of Paediatrics and Child health
    Page 2 · response
    Published 28 December 2023

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent position was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Developing guidance on chickenpox and covering every clinical circumstance falls outside NICE’s requested scope and recommendations.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “NICE have not published a guideline on managing chickenpox. We are not asked to develop guidance on all conditions and our recommendations do not cover all clinical circumstances.”

    Source location

    Response from National Institure for Health and Care Excellence
    Page 1 · response
    Published 28 December 2023

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent position was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    The existing Clinical Knowledge Summary recommendation is considered clear about seeking specialist advice and determining intravenous aciclovir admission.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “There is a Clinical Knowledge Summary (CKS) published on our website on chickenpox, including a section on the management of chickenpox in people who are immunocompromised. The CKS are developed by an external company called Agilio Software and are designed to summarise the evidence on the treatment of specific health conditions. They use a variety of sources and may include NICE guidance, if there is any that is relevant, but they use many other sources too. We publish them on our website as a source of advice and information for health professionals working in primary care, but they do not constitute NICE guidance.”

    Source location

    Response from National Institure for Health and Care Excellence
    Page 1 · response
    Published 28 December 2023

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent position was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Agilio Software is responsible for providing further clarification about the Clinical Knowledge Summary topic’s content.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “As part of this process, we have shared this report with Agilio Software for their awareness, however, if further clarification is required on the content of the CKS topic, Agilio software can be contacted directly.”

    Source location

    Response from National Institure for Health and Care Excellence
    Page 2 · response
    Published 28 December 2023

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent position was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    BNFC guidance for intravenous treatment of varicella in immunocompromised children is clear, contrary to the concern that guidance was unclear.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “Thank you for sharing your report with us regarding the tragic and untimely passing of Nuel-Junior. We were saddened to read the circumstances surrounding Nuel-Junior’s death and have discussed with senior colleagues within the RCPCH and the British Paediatric Allergy, Immunity and Infection Group (BPAIIG). Thank you for confirming in a separate correspondence that the doctors knew that Nuel-Junior was immunocompromised, and that he was initially not particularly "unwell" and presented with typical signs of chickenpox (including a temperature and spots/lesions). You described further that Dr Louis Grandjean, an independent paediatric expert instructed by the court, was of the view that the guidance was unclear.”

    Source location

    Response from Royal College of Paediatrics and Child health
    Page 1 · response
    Published 28 December 2023

    Open published response
  7. South Yorkshire (Western)

    AI-generated summary

    Tracy Gambrill · Prevention of Future Deaths report

    This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.

    Report summary

    Tracy Gambrill underwent neurosurgery on 7 November 2016 and sustained serious brain injury after excessively deep incisions were made while locating the temporal horn. She died in hospital on 19 November 2016. The principal concern was that it was not current and expected practice to measure the incision from the insular to the temporal horn at appropriate times during the operation.

    Read the report on judiciary.uk

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Failure to measure the incision from the insular to the Temporal Horn at appropriate intra-operative times

    Wider context from the report

    “[BRIEF SUMMARY OF MATTERS OF CONCERN] Each of the three surgical incisions were far too deep considering the average distance between the insular and the Temporal Horn. Only the second incision was measured intra operatively using a cannula and this was after the completion of the incision. From the evidence it is apparent that this operation is undertaken with surgeons relying on anatomical landmarks and head position to perform the procedure safely. The inquest did hear from an expert neurosurgical witness whose practice it was to measure the length of his incisions intra-operatively at appropriate times. This practice resulted in him having aborted an operation after failing to find the Temporal Horn within expected limits. Post-operatively he discovered that the patient’s head had moved from the correct position. I am concerned that it remains the position that it is not current and expected practice to measure the incision from the insular to the Temporal Horn at appropriate times during the operation. ”

    Source location

    Tracy Gambrill · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 2 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Disseminate the case précis and surgical safety advice to members performing amygdalohippocampectomy.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “On considering the coroner’s report, I consider that sharing a précis of the case, as presented to me, is appropriate so that points raised by the coroner can be considered by members performing amygdalohippocampectomy.”

    Source location

    Response from Society of British Neurological Surgeons
    Page 1 · response
    Published 1 November 2023

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent position was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Clinical procedure guidance falls outside the respondent’s role, which provides only high-level professional standards.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “You raise the concern in your report that it is not current and expected practice for surgeons to measure the incision from the insula to the temporal horn at appropriate times during a transsylvian amygdalohippocampectomy. We do not provide guidance on clinical procedures, and other organisations who hold the expert clinical knowledge will be better placed to address your concern more directly, but I will explain where our standards and guidance will support actions taken to address your concern.”

    Source location

    Response from General Medical Council
    Page 1 · response
    Published 1 November 2023

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent position was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Queries about specific procedure details should be directed to NICE, medical royal colleges, or specialty bodies.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “As the standards we set for medical education and practice don’t describe the details of specific procedures, we would refer queries on these to the National Institute for Clinical Excellence (NICE), medical royal colleges or specialty bodies. I note that The Society of British Neurological Surgeons (SBNS) has already responded to your concern with immediate action, writing to all SBNS members, asking them to recognise the importance of measuring depth intraoperatively, and empowering them to abort surgery when findings are not consistent with expectations.”

    Source location

    Response from General Medical Council
    Page 2 · response
    Published 1 November 2023

    Open published response
  8. Inner North London

    AI-generated summary

    Amarjit SINGH · Prevention of Future Deaths report

    This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.

    Report summary

    Amarjit Singh, aged 41, was found dead in his cell at HMP Pentonville on the morning of 21 November 2021 after his cellmate reported that he had suffered a fit, but medical attention was not sought and the cell door remained locked. The inquest jury determined that he died from natural causes, contributed to by neglect. Outstanding concerns included a careless cell-sharing risk assessment and gaps in prison staff and prisoner guidance and first-aid understanding, including failures to recognise the need for CPR or distinguish unconsciousness from death.

    Read the report on judiciary.uk

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Careless completion of cell sharing risk assessments

    Wider context from the report

    “1. The completion of the cell sharing risk assessment was described by the extremely experienced nurse who completed it, as careless. ”

    Source location

    Amarjit SINGH · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 2 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Lack of seizure-response training for prison staff

    Wider context from the report

    “2. Though I was told that training for prison staff in how to deal with fits is to be given at HMP Pentonville in October 2023, I heard that there is only a hope that prisoners will also receive some guidance in what to do if their cellmate suffers a fit. Apparently, this has already been implemented in HMP Brixton. ”

    Source location

    Amarjit SINGH · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 2 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Unavailability of guidance for prisoners responding to a cellmate’s fit

    Wider context from the report

    “2. Though I was told that training for prison staff in how to deal with fits is to be given at HMP Pentonville in October 2023, I heard that there is only a hope that prisoners will also receive some guidance in what to do if their cellmate suffers a fit. Apparently, this has already been implemented in HMP Brixton. ”

    Source location

    Amarjit SINGH · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 2 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Lack of ongoing first aid training for prison officers

    Wider context from the report

    “3. Whilst the fact that not all prison officers receive ongoing first aid training is a national resourcing issue, the level of first aid understanding of some prison officers at HMP Pentonville seemed surprisingly low. One officer told me that it did not cross his mind to start CPR in the three minutes it took nurses to arrive after Mr Singh was found not breathing. (Mr Singh had been assessed by a custodial manager as having died, but the other officer did not know this at the time.) A different officer told me he did not know that there is a difference between a person who is unconscious and a person who is dead. ”

    Source location

    Amarjit SINGH · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 2 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Low first aid understanding among prison officers

    Wider context from the report

    “3. Whilst the fact that not all prison officers receive ongoing first aid training is a national resourcing issue, the level of first aid understanding of some prison officers at HMP Pentonville seemed surprisingly low. One officer told me that it did not cross his mind to start CPR in the three minutes it took nurses to arrive after Mr Singh was found not breathing. (Mr Singh had been assessed by a custodial manager as having died, but the other officer did not know this at the time.) A different officer told me he did not know that there is a difference between a person who is unconscious and a person who is dead. ”

    Source location

    Amarjit SINGH · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 2 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Implement the Early Days quality-assurance process, including passport checks, multidisciplinary review, task tracking and completion sign-off before patients leave the system.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “Q: What strikes me is if that happened on that day, what is happening with all the other prisoners? A: Since then [AS’s death] changes have been made to the reception process, on each side. There has been a big focus on early days in custody, recognising that the first 14 days and particularly the first couple of days are the most important period in someone’s stay in prison. One of things that would identify poor completion of cell sharing risk assessment is early day passport. This is overseen by custodial managers and nursing staff. There is a checklist to ensure that everything mandatory within the process has been completed and completed to a good standard. Definitely if not completed to good standard would expect that to be flagged to me. Q: Who is doing this? A: Custodial managers.”

    Source location

    Response from Practice Plus Group
    Page 3 · response
    Published 22 September 2023

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Provide specialised reception-process training, induction explanation, shadowing and periodic refresher training for nurses completing cell-sharing risk assessments.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “designed training specifically just for the reception process, which is a two day training. Which Antonio has been on recently.”

    Source location

    Response from Practice Plus Group
    Page 3 · response
    Published 22 September 2023

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Schedule training for prison staff at HMP Pentonville on responding to fits.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “Training for prison staff in how to deal with fits is scheduled to be given at HMP Pentonville in October, and prisoners are given instructions at their induction on how to report concerns regarding a cellmate and the need to ring the emergency cell bell in circumstances where their cellmate is unwell so that staff can ensure healthcare attend.”

    Source location

    Response from HM Prison and Probation Service
    Page 2 · response
    Published 22 September 2023

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Publish, introduce and circulate the national First Aid and Emergency Aid Manual to prison staff at HMP Pentonville.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “The HMPPS National Health and Safety Arrangements for First Aid and Emergency Aid Manual was published and introduced in August 2023 and this was circulated to all prison staff at HMP Pentonville.”

    Source location

    Response from HM Prison and Probation Service
    Page 2 · response
    Published 22 September 2023

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Distribute emergency response pocket cards to prisons and staff as reminders of how to respond to medical emergencies.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “should be called. In 2021, all Prisons were also issued with a supply of emergency response pocket cards which were shared with staff. The cards provided an instant reminder of how to respond to a medical emergency. In March 2022, a further supply of the emergency response pocket cards were issued to Regional Group Safety Leads for them to share with their prisons.”

    Source location

    Response from HM Prison and Probation Service
    Page 2 · response
    Published 22 September 2023

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Issue emergency response guides to all prisons, covering required actions and circumstances for calling a medical emergency response code.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “At a national level, new emergency response guides were issued to all prisons which set out the actions required of staff in a medical emergency, including all the circumstances listed in the PSI 03/2013 Medical Emergency Response Codes under which a medical emergency response code”

    Source location

    Response from HM Prison and Probation Service
    Page 1 · response
    Published 22 September 2023

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent position was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Existing reception training, Early Days checks, clinical reviews and monitoring are considered sufficient to prevent inaccurate cell-sharing risk assessments.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “• Every patient has an Early Days passport as part of the Early Days process, which requires custodial managers and nurses to check off that items like the risk assessment form had been completed and completed to a sufficient standard. This requires a nurse to ensure that the risk assessment has been correctly completed, and sign off the passport.”

    Source location

    Response from Practice Plus Group
    Page 4 · response
    Published 22 September 2023

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent position was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Prison authorities, rather than healthcare, are responsible for addressing staff training and prisoner guidance on managing seizures and first aid.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “Only number 1 above relates to healthcare, and therefore PPG, so we do not propose to respond to points 2 and 3, which no doubt will be addressed by the Prison.”

    Source location

    Response from Practice Plus Group
    Page 2 · response
    Published 22 September 2023

    Open published response
  9. Inner West London

    AI-generated summary

    Mrs Elsie Leaver · Prevention of Future Deaths report

    This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.

    Report summary

    Mrs Elsie Leaver died on 23 August 2020, aged 89, from multiple organ failure following a mixed drug overdose. The report raised concerns about missing psychiatric history, inadequate psychiatric assessment and risk assessment, failure to access available health information, and the lack of formal psychiatric liaison cover at QMH.

    Read the report on judiciary.uk

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Failure by SGH doctors to take a reasonable psychiatric history during clerking

    Wider context from the report

    “2. That doctors at SGH do not take a reasonable psychiatric history as part of their clerking and thus fail to make a proper holistic assessment of the patient and potentially miss the opportunity to manage risks such as those in this case which may lead to death. ”

    Source location

    Mrs Elsie Leaver · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 4 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Lack of formal psychiatric liaison cover at QMH

    Wider context from the report

    “4. That NHS South West London Integrated Care Board has made no formal provision for psychiatric liaison cover at QMH, despite there being such a clear clinical need for this that the team from psychiatric liaison have felt compelled to provide informal telephone advice for the last 10 years. ”

    Source location

    Mrs Elsie Leaver · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 4 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Omission of pertinent psychiatric history from GP summaries

    Wider context from the report

    “1. That the GP summary did not contain pertinent psychiatric history that would have assisted the hospital clinicians to identify Mrs Leaver’s depression and specifically her suicidality. ”

    Source location

    Mrs Elsie Leaver · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 4 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Insufficient SGH doctor training on HIE information and access

    Wider context from the report

    “3. That doctors at SGH need training on the information available on HIE and how to access it. ”

    Source location

    Mrs Elsie Leaver · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 4 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Unsafe access pathway requiring physically frail QMH patients to travel by LAS ambulance to SGH A&E for psychiatric advice

    Wider context from the report

    “5. That the lack of formal psychiatric advice availability at QMH puts vulnerable patients at increased risk, since the only way to properly access such advice is for them to be sent by LAS ambulance to A&E at SGH, when they are physically frail, given that QMH is a rehabilitation unit. ”

    Source location

    Mrs Elsie Leaver · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 4 · concerns

    Open source report
  10. Surrey

    AI-generated summary

    Louis James Rogers · Prevention of Future Deaths report

    This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.

    Report summary

    Louis James Rogers died after being found unresponsive at home following a period of clinical illness and was pronounced dead on 18 June 2021 despite resuscitation attempts. Autopsy identified a viral infection, and genetic studies confirmed Dravet’s Syndrome. The report raised concerns about the management and investigation of febrile seizures, information provided to parents, paramedic and general practice guidance, and the lack of a coordinated febrile seizure pathway.

    Read the report on judiciary.uk

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Failure to document general practice assessment of febrile seizures

    Wider context from the report

    “4. General Practice - At his mother’s request after the possibility of a further seizure, Louis was reviewed by his general practitioner on the 13th May 2021 following which Louis’s mother was reassured without a detailed history from Louis’s mother or a full neurological examination and in the absence of documentation in circumstances whereby it was acknowledged there was sufficient information at that time to refer Louis to secondary services for the management of children with febrile seizures. It would therefore be appropriate to consider providing robust national guidance and education to general practitioners to ensure appropriate history, examination, investigation are undertaken to allow timely referrals to secondary medical services to be undertaken. ”

    Source location

    Louis James Rogers · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 3 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Failure to make timely referrals from general practice to secondary medical services for febrile seizures

    Wider context from the report

    “4. General Practice - At his mother’s request after the possibility of a further seizure, Louis was reviewed by his general practitioner on the 13th May 2021 following which Louis’s mother was reassured without a detailed history from Louis’s mother or a full neurological examination and in the absence of documentation in circumstances whereby it was acknowledged there was sufficient information at that time to refer Louis to secondary services for the management of children with febrile seizures. It would therefore be appropriate to consider providing robust national guidance and education to general practitioners to ensure appropriate history, examination, investigation are undertaken to allow timely referrals to secondary medical services to be undertaken. ”

    Source location

    Louis James Rogers · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 5 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Sudden unexpected death in childhood following febrile seizures

    Wider context from the report

    “1. Management and investigation of Febrile Seizures Evidence was heard that a number of children who have ‘febrile’ seizures subsequently die from ‘sudden unexpected death in childhood’. Evidence was provided that there should be greater emphasis on medical education, research and public information for sudden unexpected deaths associated with febrile seizures. Further evidence was heard that referrals for assessment and investigation of febrile seizures should be undertaken earlier to exclude a more severe underlying illness. ”

    Source location

    Louis James Rogers · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 3 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Failure to make paramedic information available to all clinicians

    Wider context from the report

    “5. Febrile Seizure Pathway Evidence was heard that Louis was seen by a number of clinicians without a co-ordinated response to his presentation and that consideration should be given for all hospitals emergency departments and GP’s to be provided with a febrile seizure pathway as a checklist to ensure children are not given a diagnosis of a ‘febrile seizure when this is not supported by their presentation and for all consultations – including GP appointment and information from the paramedics is available for all clinicians to view to provide a holistic picture and to assist further management. ”

    Source location

    Louis James Rogers · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 3 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Lack of coordinated response across clinicians to febrile seizure presentations

    Wider context from the report

    “5. Febrile Seizure Pathway Evidence was heard that Louis was seen by a number of clinicians without a co-ordinated response to his presentation and that consideration should be given for all hospitals emergency departments and GP’s to be provided with a febrile seizure pathway as a checklist to ensure children are not given a diagnosis of a ‘febrile seizure when this is not supported by their presentation and for all consultations – including GP appointment and information from the paramedics is available for all clinicians to view to provide a holistic picture and to assist further management. ”

    Source location

    Louis James Rogers · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 5 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Delays in referral for assessment and investigation of febrile seizures

    Wider context from the report

    “1. Management and investigation of Febrile Seizures Evidence was heard that a number of children who have ‘febrile’ seizures subsequently die from ‘sudden unexpected death in childhood’. Evidence was provided that there should be greater emphasis on medical education, research and public information for sudden unexpected deaths associated with febrile seizures. Further evidence was heard that referrals for assessment and investigation of febrile seizures should be undertaken earlier to exclude a more severe underlying illness. ”

    Source location

    Louis James Rogers · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 3 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Failure to ensure febrile seizure diagnoses are supported by the child’s presentation

    Wider context from the report

    “5. Febrile Seizure Pathway Evidence was heard that Louis was seen by a number of clinicians without a co-ordinated response to his presentation and that consideration should be given for all hospitals emergency departments and GP’s to be provided with a febrile seizure pathway as a checklist to ensure children are not given a diagnosis of a ‘febrile seizure when this is not supported by their presentation and for all consultations – including GP appointment and information from the paramedics is available for all clinicians to view to provide a holistic picture and to assist further management. ”

    Source location

    Louis James Rogers · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 5 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Failure to undertake a detailed history and full neurological examination in general practice

    Wider context from the report

    “4. General Practice - At his mother’s request after the possibility of a further seizure, Louis was reviewed by his general practitioner on the 13th May 2021 following which Louis’s mother was reassured without a detailed history from Louis’s mother or a full neurological examination and in the absence of documentation in circumstances whereby it was acknowledged there was sufficient information at that time to refer Louis to secondary services for the management of children with febrile seizures. It would therefore be appropriate to consider providing robust national guidance and education to general practitioners to ensure appropriate history, examination, investigation are undertaken to allow timely referrals to secondary medical services to be undertaken. ”

    Source location

    Louis James Rogers · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 3 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Failure to follow escalation guidance for complex febrile seizures

    Wider context from the report

    “3. Improvement to and highlighting of the JRCALC guidelines for paramedic management of seizures in children JRCALC guidelines indicated paramedics should have conveyed Louis to hospital or contacted the GP and/or Out of Hours GP service following Louis’s second seizure on 11th February 2020, as the close proximity of two seizures indicated it was a ‘complex febrile seizure’ rather than a febrile seizure. This led to a lost opportunity to expeditiously trigger further investigation and/or a referral to either the ‘first seizure’ service or to a specialist paediatrician for further assessment and management. Evidence was heard that improving and highlighting JRCALC guidelines with additional teaching would prevent this happening again. ”

    Source location

    Louis James Rogers · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 4 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Insufficient information for parents and guardians after a child’s febrile seizure

    Wider context from the report

    “2. Information provided to parents/guardians after their child had a Febrile Seizure Evidence was heard that the NHS website and pamphlet provided to parents/guardians following a child’s febrile seizure is insufficiently informative to provide parents with sufficiently detailed information to assist them in picking up potential early indicators of a more severe illness e.g. issues with gait, co-ordination, definition of complex seizures, developmental regression etc. ”

    Source location

    Louis James Rogers · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 4 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Replace the epilepsy guideline with updated recommendations on referral and information and support after a first seizure.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “We believe that our guideline on epilepsies: diagnosis and management [CG137], which was in place at the time of Louis’ death, is directly relevant to this case. The guideline covered diagnosing, treating and managing epilepsy and seizures in children, young people and adults in primary and secondary care and made recommendations on what should happen following a first seizure (section 1.4), diagnosis (section 1.5) and investigations (sections 1.6).”

    Source location

    Response from NICE
    Page 1 · response
    Published 31 March 2023

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Ask colleagues from seven NHS regions to share learning and available guidance with Integrated Care Boards for cascading to relevant healthcare professionals.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “As a result of your Report, we will also be asking colleagues from each of the seven NHS regions to share the learnings from this matter and the guidance available with their Integrated Care Boards for cascading to relevant healthcare professionals.”

    Source location

    Response from NHS England
    Page 3 · response
    Published 31 March 2023

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Review related actions, including support for families and improving the evidence base on SIDS, safer sleep, SUDC and febrile seizures.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “I would also like to highlight the National Child Mortality Database Thematic Report (published December 2022) which includes a recommendation for action by the Department of Health and Social Care (DHSC), NHS England and National Child Mortality Database (NCMD) to ‘Ensure there is robust and consistent national training available on the child death review statutory process, Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS), Sudden Unexplained Death in Childhood (SUDC) and available resources’. Work is underway to review this and other related actions, to include providing high-quality support for families on these issues as well as to improve the evidence base for research on SIDS and safer sleep, and on SUDC and association with febrile seizures. We will also look to engage with the Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health (RCPCH) on this matter.”

    Source location

    Response from NHS England
    Page 3 · response
    Published 31 March 2023

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Review the JRCALC guidance on convulsions in children.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “I can confirm that I have liaised with the Chair of the JRCALC committee and that a review of the convulsions in children guidance has been undertaken. The JRCALC guidelines are used regularly by ambulance clinicians in everyday practice. Having reviewed our guideline we agree that if our guideline had been followed, Louis should have either been conveyed to hospital on 11th February 2021 when he had a second seizure that day or he should have been referred to a GP.”

    Source location

    Response from Association of Ambulance
    Page 1 · response
    Published 31 March 2023

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Inform ambulance-service medical directors and lead paramedics about the death and ask them to review relevant JRCALC guidance and local pathways.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “We have taken an action to make all the medical directors and lead paramedics of UK ambulance services aware of the circumstances of Louis’ death and have asked them to review the JRCALC guidance and any local pathways or guidance in relation to decisions around conveying children after seizures. We have also reminded ambulance trusts of a best practice guidance document that was written, approved and disseminated by NASMeD to ambulance trusts in July 2021: “Conveyance of children by operational ambulance clinicians in face-to-face settings” (attached). This was developed as a result of a Health Services Investigation Branch (HSIB) recommendation issued to us in June 2019 in relation to a case of an undetected button and coin cell battery ingestion in a child.”

    Source location

    Response from Association of Ambulance
    Page 2 · response
    Published 31 March 2023

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Remind ambulance trusts about best-practice guidance on conveying children in face-to-face operational ambulance care.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “We have taken an action to make all the medical directors and lead paramedics of UK ambulance services aware of the circumstances of Louis’ death and have asked them to review the JRCALC guidance and any local pathways or guidance in relation to decisions around conveying children after seizures. We have also reminded ambulance trusts of a best practice guidance document that was written, approved and disseminated by NASMeD to ambulance trusts in July 2021: “Conveyance of children by operational ambulance clinicians in face-to-face settings” (attached). This was developed as a result of a Health Services Investigation Branch (HSIB) recommendation issued to us in June 2019 in relation to a case of an undetected button and coin cell battery ingestion in a child.”

    Source location

    Response from Association of Ambulance
    Page 2 · response
    Published 31 March 2023

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Continue reviewing the convulsions guidance through regular clinical-guideline review activity.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “In summary, having reviewed our guidance related to convulsions in children, we do not believe that it needs improving at present. We will review it as part of our ongoing work to ensure that all our clinical guidelines are reviewed on a regular basis and kept as up to date as possible with any new clinical evidence that we become aware of.”

    Source location

    Response from Association of Ambulance
    Page 2 · response
    Published 31 March 2023

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent position was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    NICE is responsible for producing clinical guidance on the diagnosis, treatment and management of febrile seizures.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “The National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) are responsible for producing clinical guidance for health and care practitioners on the issue of febrile seizures. Their guidance on Epilepsies in children, young people and adults (NG127) covers the diagnosis, treatment and management, referral recommendations and information and support for the management of epilepsy and seizures in children:”

    Source location

    Response from NHS England
    Page 1 · response
    Published 31 March 2023

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent position was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Existing national guidance is considered sufficient for managing febrile seizures.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “NHS England has been sighted on the response to your Report from NICE, who have advised that there is sufficient national guidance regarding the management of febrile seizures.”

    Source location

    Response from NHS England
    Page 2 · response
    Published 31 March 2023

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent position was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Existing national guidance and the Clinical Knowledge Summary are considered sufficient to support timely assessment, investigation and referral for febrile seizures.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “We believe that our guideline on epilepsies: diagnosis and management [CG137], which was in place at the time of Louis’ death, is directly relevant to this case. The guideline covered diagnosing, treating and managing epilepsy and seizures in children, young people and adults in primary and secondary care and made recommendations on what should happen following a first seizure (section 1.4), diagnosis (section 1.5) and investigations (sections 1.6).”

    Source location

    Response from NICE
    Page 1 · response
    Published 31 March 2023

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent position was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    RCEM will not lead development of further guidance because the project would be a significant undertaking, but can contribute with other organisations.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “RCEM would be happy to work with NHS England / National Institute for Healthcare Excellence, Royal Colleges and other interested parties to help develop further evidence based or consensus guidance in this complex area of clinical practice. We are mindful that this would be a significant undertaking and that it would therefore not be appropriate for RCEM to take the lead on such a project.”

    Source location

    Response from Emergency Care Committee
    Page 1 · response
    Published 31 March 2023

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent position was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    The increased risks after febrile seizures, including epilepsy, neurodevelopmental delay and SUDC, are considered very low.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “The increased risk of children who have experienced febrile seizures of developing epilepsy, having neurodevelopmental delays, or suffering SUDC is very low. Febrile seizures are very common in childhood and there is a balance to be met to avoid disproportionately concerning parents and carers. We have heard from Paediatric Neurology specialists that the advice within the leaflet on febrile seizures should be tailored to safety-netting during seizure, management of infection and who to contact if further seizures occur.”

    Source location

    Response from NHS England
    Page 3 · response
    Published 31 March 2023

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent position was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    NHS England is supporting system-level research and action on SUDIC, while NICE would consider developing guidance only following an NHS England request.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “NICE’s chief medical officer, ████████, and interim senior responsible officer for patient safety, ████████, recently met with representatives of NHS England (NHSE) and the Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health (RCPCH) to discuss this matter. We understand colleagues at NHSE have met with the National Child Mortality Database team and SUDIC charities and will be supporting a proposal for a round table to discuss and kickstart research and other actions in this area. The RCPCH has indicated that they are happy to support this approach and NICE would consider any request from NHSE to develop guidance in this area in the normal way.”

    Source location

    Response from NICE
    Page 2 · response
    Published 31 March 2023

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent position was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    The convulsions-in-children guideline does not need improvement at present, subject to routine review and updating when new clinical evidence emerges.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “In summary, having reviewed our guidance related to convulsions in children, we do not believe that it needs improving at present. We will review it as part of our ongoing work to ensure that all our clinical guidelines are reviewed on a regular basis and kept as up to date as possible with any new clinical evidence that we become aware of.”

    Source location

    Response from Association of Ambulance
    Page 2 · response
    Published 31 March 2023

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent position was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    AACE is the appropriate organisation to decide whether JRCALC guidelines for paramedic seizure management require updates.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “Regarding any updates to be made to JRCALC guidelines for paramedic management of seizures in children, I have been sighted on the response to your Report from the”

    Source location

    Response from NHS England
    Page 3 · response
    Published 31 March 2023

    Open published response

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Classification: all classifications19 Sep 2013 – 7 Sep 2026 (Publication date)Recurring concern: all recurring concerns
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