Recurring concern

Failure of Duty-of-Candour processes for significant incidents

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First reported 6 Mar 2015•Latest report 15 Dec 2025

Definition

What this concern includes

Includes failures of an explicitly identified Duty-of-Candour process or its dedicated disclosure, evidence, investigation, reflection or learning controls where the failure concerns significant incidents, deaths or other serious safety events.

Not included

  • Excludes generic investigation, documentation, communication or learning failures that are not explicitly tied to a Duty-of-Candour obligation or process.
  • Excludes failures concerning routine communication with patients or families where no Duty-of-Candour process is identified.
  • Excludes unrelated incident-classification, clinical-assessment, staffing or operational-control failures.
Reports
10

Distinct published reports

Individual concerns
11

A report can raise multiple concerns

Date range
2015–2025

First to latest report issue date

Stated actions
10

Described in published responses

Reports over time

Reports over time

Reports about this concern issued each year.

* 2026 is projected from reports observed to 7 Sep 2026.

Most frequent recipients

Most frequent recipients

Reports about this concern sent to each recipient.

NHS England4
Care Quality Commission2
Department of Health and Social Care2
HM Prison and Probation Service2
Sodexo2
United Lincolnshire Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust2
Bury Borough Council1
Chelsea and Westminster Hospital1
Chelsea and Westminster Hospital NHS Foundation Trust1
Department for Transport1
East London NHS Foundation Trust1
Lowdham Grange Prison1
Ministry of Justice1
Nottinghamshire Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust1
Serco Group plc1

Concerns and responses across reports

Only concerns grouped under this recurring concern are included. Select any concern, action or position to view the source wording.

  1. Devon, Plymouth and Torbay

    AI-generated summary

    Lee Kenneth Eustace · Prevention of Future Deaths report

    This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.

    Report summary

    Lee Kenneth Eustace was admitted for treatment of oesophageal cancer and underwent a gastro-oesophagectomy with jejunostomy feeding. He developed abdominal pain, but the feed was increased and continued, and he subsequently developed jejunostomy feeding syndrome and bowel ischaemia, dying in intensive care on 1 May 2022. The report raises concerns about an insufficient and partly un followed feeding protocol, and about failures to investigate the incident, comply with the Duty of Candour, and provide relevant information to the Coroner.

    Read the report on judiciary.uk

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Failure to comply with Regulation 20 statutory duty of candour

    Wider context from the report

    “I am concerned that the Trust has not complied with its statutory duty under Regulation 20 of the Regulations; has not provided relevant documentation to the Coroner in accordance with its disclosure duties under Schedule 5 of the Coroners and Justice Act 2009 ("CJA"); and has not investigated this incident in accordance with the requirement to do so under Datix. I am concerned that if such omissions exist in other cases that there is a risk of deaths occurring in the future due to a lack of proper incident investigation and adherence to statutory requirements relating to patient safety and investigation of deaths. ”

    Source location

    Lee Kenneth Eustace · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 2 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Report identified care concerns through the incident reporting system and provide Duty of Candour, investigation and learning.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “• If any triggers are identified, a Structured Judgement Review (SJR) is undertaken by an independent clinician.”

    Source location

    Response from University Hospitals Plymouth NHS Trust
    Page 3 · response
    Published 18 December 2025

    Open published response
  2. Nottinghamshire

    AI-generated summary

    Anthony Binfield and 2 others · Prevention of Future Deaths report

    This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.

    Report summary

    Anthony Binfield, David William Richards and Rolandas Karbauskas died at HMP Lowdham Grange in March 2023 after using ligatures; Anthony’s and Rolandas’s deaths were suicides, while David’s death was accidental. The report identified missed opportunities to recognise and share risk information, shortcomings in prison and healthcare staffing, training and systems, and concerns about prisoner transfers, isolation, the prison contract transfer, and learning from previous deaths.

    Read the report on judiciary.uk

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Failure to act with candour in post-death investigations

    Wider context from the report

    “The Healthcare Trust are subject to a statutory duty of candour. HMPPS, Serco and Sodexo failed to embrace the same ethos during these investigations. ”

    Source location

    Anthony Binfield and 2 others · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 5 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Use Reports to Prevent Future Deaths to identify safety themes and disseminate learning through guidance, bulletins and group safety-lead meetings.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “More generally HMPPS is committed to learning from all deaths and to taking action to address any issues that are identified as a result. The Follow-up to Deaths in Custody policy framework describes the early learning review process for all apparently non-natural deaths, through which cases are reviewed by the group safety lead and the resulting report considered by the Governor, the Prison Group Director and the National Safety Group. It also explains our commitment to supporting the various independent investigations processes that follow a death and particularly to meeting our duty of candour, including by disclosing all relevant documents.”

    Source location

    Response from HMPPS
    Page 7 · response
    Published 13 February 2025

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent position was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    The existing approach of allowing juries to determine findings, without routine formal admissions, is considered to meet the duty of candour.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “To date we have considered this approach to meet our duty of candour and have not routinely sought to make formal admissions in the way that you have advocated. Rather it has seemed appropriate to us to allow the jury to make their findings based on the evidence, as elicited by the Coroner and the representatives of the interested parties. Not making formal admissions in the context of the inquest does not imply any reluctance on our part to acknowledge failures or any lack of will to learn from them.”

    Source location

    Response from HMPPS
    Page 8 · response
    Published 13 February 2025

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent position was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Overlapping organisations, separate officer statuses, and late Ministry disclosure made admissions without trespassing on inquest evidence difficult.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “Whilst Sodexo always considers early admissions and agreed facts, the unique circumstances of these cases, with the number of overlapping organisations involved and individual officers with separate IP status, as well as ongoing and late disclosure of relevant material by the Ministry of Justice, meant that admissions by Sodexo, without trespassing on factual evidence due to be heard at the inquest involving other IPs, was more difficult and complex than would usually be the case. There are three further inquests involving Sodexo concerning deaths at HMP Lowdham Grange, and Sodexo will give careful consideration to admissions and agreement of facts in relation to each.”

    Source location

    Response from Sodexo
    Page 3 · response
    Published 13 February 2025

    Open published response
  3. Inner West London

    AI-generated summary

    Elton Deutekom · Prevention of Future Deaths report

    This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.

    Report summary

    Elton suffered acute hypoxic-ischaemic injury following a placental abruption during labour and was delivered by forceps at 04:35 on 12 January 2022; despite resuscitation, he was recognised as life extinct at 05:12. The report identifies failures to recognise and respond to abnormal CTG changes, and raises wider concerns about neonatal death referrals, disclosure of evidence, record-keeping, staffing, supervision and CTG monitoring.

    Read the report on judiciary.uk

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Failure to disclose evidence relevant to deaths to the coroner under the duty of candor

    Wider context from the report

    “2. That Chelsea and Westminster hospital may not be complying with the duty of candor to disclose evidence relevant to a death to the coroner until forced to by court directions made in public, which thus raises the same concern as above. ”

    Source location

    Elton Deutekom · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 4 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Review internal legal and governance processes to maintain clear records of disclosure.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “The Trust is reviewing its internal legal and governance processes to ensure clear records of disclosure are maintained so that we may provide assurance should the need arise in future.”

    Source location

    Response from Chelsea and Westminster NHS Foundation Trust
    Page 4 · response
    Published 3 December 2024

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent position was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    The response addresses only concerns within NHS England’s national policy and programme remit, excluding hospital-specific matters.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “My response to your Report focuses on the areas of concern raised by the Coroner that sit within NHS England’s national policy and programme remit. Your Report raises a number of concerns specific to Chelsea and Westminster Hospital and it is appropriate that Chelsea and Westminster NHS Foundation Trust, who I note you have also sent your Report to, respond to you on these matters. I wish to assure you that the National Medical Examiner, who you have also addressed your Report to, has reviewed your Report and has input into my response.”

    Source location

    Response from NHS England
    Page 1 · response
    Published 3 December 2024

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent position was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Chelsea and Westminster NHS Foundation Trust should respond to concerns specific to its hospital and care.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “My response to your Report focuses on the areas of concern raised by the Coroner that sit within NHS England’s national policy and programme remit. Your Report raises a number of concerns specific to Chelsea and Westminster Hospital and it is appropriate that Chelsea and Westminster NHS Foundation Trust, who I note you have also sent your Report to, respond to you on these matters. I wish to assure you that the National Medical Examiner, who you have also addressed your Report to, has reviewed your Report and has input into my response.”

    Source location

    Response from NHS England
    Page 1 · response
    Published 3 December 2024

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent position was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    The Trust disputes that the court was not provided with required evidence when requested, stating disclosure occurred before the inquest.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “It is denied that the court was not provided with the evidence it required when requested. As set out below, the Trust has confirmed that disclosure was made at the times requested prior to inquest, on 16 May 2023. Emails confirming this fact are enclosed for the attention of the Coroner. Despite this, the Trust appreciates that there were difficulties in establishing what had been disclosed and when during the hearing, and has fed this back internally.”

    Source location

    Response from Chelsea and Westminster NHS Foundation Trust
    Page 4 · response
    Published 3 December 2024

    Open published response
  4. Surrey

    AI-generated summary

    Mia Louise Gauci-Lamport · Prevention of Future Deaths report

    This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.

    Report summary

    Mia Louise Gauci-Lamport, who had treatment-resistant epilepsy and required full-time residential care, was found cyanotic and unresponsive at around 06.32 hours on 11 September 2023 after not being visually checked when a carer entered her room. Resuscitation was unsuccessful. The report raised concerns about inadequate night-time monitoring, incomplete medical records and insufficient clinical oversight and governance.

    Read the report on judiciary.uk

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Delays in fulfilling Duty of Candour obligations

    Wider context from the report

    “3. Senior management, Children’s Trust, Tadworth The lack of a robust and adhered to care plan for night observations for Mia mirrors the same concern in the PFD report I issued following the Inquest touching on the death of Connor Wellsted at TCT in 2022. The Independent investigator commissioned by TCT highlighted ongoing clinical governance limitations including the initial management and investigation of Mia’s death, delay in fulfilling the Duty of Candour’ obligations, ongoing staff training, ensuring robust procedures were in place alongside regular audits of clinical practice. These are the same issues highlighted in the PFD report I issued touching on the death of Connor Wellsted two years previously. ”

    Source location

    Mia Louise Gauci-Lamport · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 3 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Consider duty-of-candour review findings alongside manager-regulation consultation findings while developing healthcare candour policy.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “In relation to your point about the delay in fulfilling the duty of candour obligations, as you may be aware, the statutory duty of candour (organisational) places a direct obligation upon NHS trusts and all other health and social care providers registered with the CQC to be open and honest with patients, service users and their families, when a notifiable safety incident occurs. The Government is supportive of the review on the duty it inherited from the previous administration and will consider the findings, recently published on 26 November, following a call for evidence in April this year. The government will consider these findings alongside findings from the ongoing manager regulation consultation as it continues to develop policy on candour in healthcare.”

    Source location

    Response from DHSC
    Page 2 · response
    Published 14 October 2024

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent position was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    The delay in executing the Duty of Candour was not considered a breach of the Health and Social Care Regulations.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “During the February 2024 inspection we found all staff had received the appropriate level of training relevant to their role and the healthcare activity they deliver. The education team provided child and young person specific training as the need arose. We also noted that “staff demonstrated knowledge of the Duty of Candour, to be open and transparent with people including when things go wrong with their care and treatment”. In Mia’s case there was a delay in executing the Duty of Candour, however the CQC did not deem this instance to be a breach of Health and Social Care Regulations.”

    Source location

    Response from CQC
    Page 6 · response
    Published 14 October 2024

    Open published response
  5. Nottinghamshire

    AI-generated summary

    Kane Christopher Boyce · Prevention of Future Deaths report

    This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.

    Report summary

    Kane Christopher Boyce, a serving prisoner at HMP Lowdham Grange, was found with a ligature around his neck on 3 October 2021 and could not be resuscitated. The jury found that alcohol intoxication and the failure of staff to share information, open an under-the-influence log, adequately monitor him, and consider risk when isolating cell power and ignoring cell bells contributed to his death. The report raised concerns about these practices, staff understanding of relevant policies, learning from deaths in custody, and organisational candour.

    Read the report on judiciary.uk

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Failure to make agreed factual admissions of shortcomings during death in custody inquests

    Wider context from the report

    “7. A Lack of Candour – both organisationally and individually I would be very interested to understand how the duty of candour applies to the prison service and those individuals within the employ of the service (whether employed directly or through a private provider, as in this case). There is a statutory duty of candour applicable to healthcare organisations and professionals, as well as a more recent agreement by the College of Policing for members to adhere to a Code of Candour. In practise, candour creates a culture of being open and honest with all stakeholders by accepting when things go wrong, taking remedial steps as soon as practicable, and thus reducing the risk of events repeating themselves. In the context of a death, candour from the outset is essential in order to support the bereaved family. The position adopted by Serco in this inquest, as it has in other inquests, could be said to represent the very opposite of candour. Having heard evidence supplied on oath by their own staff members that there were multiple failures to open an under the influence log (evidence which was not contested) the organisation nevertheless required the Jury to return a finding on this issue, and each and every issue, instead of a factual finding being presented to the jury as agreed by all Interested Persons. The inquest is not an adversarial process, there is no burden of proof. The Interested Persons are under a duty to assist the investigative process in an open and honest manner. By identifying those issues that genuinely require determination by the jury, and those on which there is agreement. Sadly, in my extensive experience of conducting Article 2 inquests locally, this is not an isolated example of the uncomfortable position adopted by the prison service in failing to put forward sensible and reasonable factual admissions of shortcomings. I am concerned by the apparent absence of a culture of candour supporting those staff who work within the prison service. Many of the staff members giving evidence explained that the inquest was the first time it had been suggested to them that they had not adhered to policy. In the intervening period of over two years between Kane’s death and the inquest, no-one at the prison had asked key staff to reflect on the care they provided to Kane that night and consider areas of learning. Again, this is not a position unique to this inquest, and is of great concern in the context of a rising number of self-inflicted prisoner deaths at HMP Lowdham Grange since Kane’s tragic death in 2021. I would be grateful if your response could address what steps have been, or are being taken, to ensure that candour is applied throughout the death in custody process. ”

    Source location

    Kane Christopher Boyce · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 4 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Lack of a culture of candour and staff reflection after deaths in custody

    Wider context from the report

    “7. A Lack of Candour – both organisationally and individually I would be very interested to understand how the duty of candour applies to the prison service and those individuals within the employ of the service (whether employed directly or through a private provider, as in this case). There is a statutory duty of candour applicable to healthcare organisations and professionals, as well as a more recent agreement by the College of Policing for members to adhere to a Code of Candour. In practise, candour creates a culture of being open and honest with all stakeholders by accepting when things go wrong, taking remedial steps as soon as practicable, and thus reducing the risk of events repeating themselves. In the context of a death, candour from the outset is essential in order to support the bereaved family. The position adopted by Serco in this inquest, as it has in other inquests, could be said to represent the very opposite of candour. Having heard evidence supplied on oath by their own staff members that there were multiple failures to open an under the influence log (evidence which was not contested) the organisation nevertheless required the Jury to return a finding on this issue, and each and every issue, instead of a factual finding being presented to the jury as agreed by all Interested Persons. The inquest is not an adversarial process, there is no burden of proof. The Interested Persons are under a duty to assist the investigative process in an open and honest manner. By identifying those issues that genuinely require determination by the jury, and those on which there is agreement. Sadly, in my extensive experience of conducting Article 2 inquests locally, this is not an isolated example of the uncomfortable position adopted by the prison service in failing to put forward sensible and reasonable factual admissions of shortcomings. I am concerned by the apparent absence of a culture of candour supporting those staff who work within the prison service. Many of the staff members giving evidence explained that the inquest was the first time it had been suggested to them that they had not adhered to policy. In the intervening period of over two years between Kane’s death and the inquest, no-one at the prison had asked key staff to reflect on the care they provided to Kane that night and consider areas of learning. Again, this is not a position unique to this inquest, and is of great concern in the context of a rising number of self-inflicted prisoner deaths at HMP Lowdham Grange since Kane’s tragic death in 2021. I would be grateful if your response could address what steps have been, or are being taken, to ensure that candour is applied throughout the death in custody process. ”

    Source location

    Kane Christopher Boyce · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 4 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Remind staff through senior leaders and the legal team to provide fully transparent statements and live evidence during death-in-custody investigations.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “I take our responsibility to assist the Coroner to properly explore the circumstances of any death extremely seriously, and our staff are reminded by senior leaders and our legal team of the need to be completely transparent in their statements and live evidence, and we will always seek to made admissions where appropriate.”

    Source location

    Response from HMPPS
    Page 2 · response
    Published 25 January 2024

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Seek admissions where appropriate when assisting coroners to establish the circumstances of deaths in custody.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “I take our responsibility to assist the Coroner to properly explore the circumstances of any death extremely seriously, and our staff are reminded by senior leaders and our legal team of the need to be completely transparent in their statements and live evidence, and we will always seek to made admissions where appropriate.”

    Source location

    Response from HMPPS
    Page 2 · response
    Published 25 January 2024

    Open published response
  6. West Sussex

    AI-generated summary

    Teegan Marie Barnard · Prevention of Future Deaths report

    This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.

    Report summary

    Teegan Marie Barnard suffered a prolonged PEA cardiac arrest during emergence from general anaesthesia after an emergency caesarean section, following significant postpartum haemorrhage and bilateral tension pneumothoraces. She sustained a non-survivable hypoxic brain injury and died at home six weeks later. Concerns included failure to consider and promptly recognise tension pneumothoraces during resuscitation, and inadequate investigation, clinical governance and learning after her death.

    Read the report on judiciary.uk

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Failure to comply with the Statutory Duty of Candour by sharing investigation findings and prevention steps

    Wider context from the report

    “4. Trust Clinical Governance procedures The senior management team within the Trust have not acknowledged that there was a lack of a proper and robust system in place to trigger an investigation into all the circumstances of the death of a 17-year-old patient, with no steps taken by them to do so either before or after the publication of the HSIB report or at any time prior to the Inquest hearing. This gives rise to a concern of a lack of insight within the senior management team of the importance of undertaking a comprehensive investigation into unexpected deaths within their organisation and for there to be wider dissemination of any institutional learning with the aim of preventing future deaths. The failure of the Trust to fully investigate how Teegan came by her death also gives rise to a concern regarding the Trust’s obligation to comply with the Statutory Duty of Candour and their requirement to share their findings with both the regulators and Teegan’s family as well as to indicate the steps, if any, they have taken to prevent future deaths. ”

    Source location

    Teegan Marie Barnard · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 4 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Request information demonstrating the Trust’s compliance with the Regulation 20 duty of candour.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “1.) Monitor the Trust’s progress and compliance in implementing the national medical examiner system by April 2023. 2.) Seek confirmation that the Trust have an established process for the isolation of any medical equipment involved when an event happens when equipment may be involved. 3.) Information sharing and collaborative working with HSIB. 4.) CQC will request information from the Trust which demonstrates compliance with Regulation 20: Duty of Candour.”

    Source location

    Response from Care Quality Commission
    Page 4 · response
    Published 23 January 2023

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent position was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Where HSIB undertakes a maternity investigation, a separate local patient safety learning response is not required under PSIRF.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “With regard to the concerns around the subsequent investigation into Teegan’s death, and the fact that there was no local investigation run in parallel to the Healthcare Safety Investigation Branch’s (HSIB’s) investigation, the NHS England National Patient Safety Team has recently launched a new Patient Safety Incident Response Framework (PSIRF), which ‘sets out the NHS’s approach to developing and maintaining effective systems and processes for responding to patient safety incidents for the purpose of learning and improving patient safety’.”

    Source location

    Response from NHS England
    Page 2 · response
    Published 23 January 2023

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent position was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    The identified care, evidence-handling, Duty of Candour and investigation concerns fall outside HEE’s current role and statutory responsibilities.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “I write in response to your report of 17 January 2023, made under paragraph 7, Schedule 5, of the Coroners and Justice Act 2009 and Regulations 28 and 29 of the Coroners (Investigations) Regulations 2013. I have been asked to respond on behalf of Health Education England. Please may I start by offering my sincere condolences to the family of Teegan Marie Bernard, following her tragic death. However, having carefully considered the report, together with the facts of the case, we believe that whilst there are valuable lessons to be learned; Unfortunately, these do not come within the scope of HEE’s current role and statutory responsibilities.”

    Source location

    Response from Health Education England
    Page 1 · response
    Published 23 January 2023

    Open published response
  7. East London

    AI-generated summary

    Delina Etienne · Prevention of Future Deaths report

    This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.

    Report summary

    Delina Etienne, who had schizo-affective disorder and was an inpatient receiving treatment, was found unresponsive in bed on 7 May 2021 and was declared deceased at the scene. The report identifies concerns about the chaotic response to her cardiac arrest, including failure to follow resuscitation procedures and an erroneous assumption that a DNACPR order was in place. It also identifies concerns about failures to escalate raised blood pressure and chest pain, assess VTE risk, and disclose the resuscitation error.

    Read the report on judiciary.uk

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Failure to disclose the DNACPR error to the family under the Duty of Candour

    Wider context from the report

    “5. When nursing staff discovered that they had fallen into error by asserting that Mrs Etienne had a DNACPR in place the matter was discussed with ward management on the morning of 7th May 2022. Despite that, the error was not admitted; A. To officers of the Metropolitan Police who investigated the circumstances of the death that morning, B. To the Trust’s governance team – an incident report (DATIX) failed to mention the error, C. To Mrs Etienne’s family who, subject to the Trust’s statutory “Duty of Candour” were communicated with by telephone and in person on 7th May 2021 and in written correspondence on 10th May 2021 ”

    Source location

    Delina Etienne · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 2 · concerns

    Open source report
  8. Nottinghamshire

    AI-generated summary

    Elaine Bradbrook · Prevention of Future Deaths report

    This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.

    Report summary

    Elaine Bradbrook suffered a severe ischaemic stroke, deteriorated into a deep coma, underwent a craniectomy, and died at Queen’s Medical Centre on 27 April 2017. Concerns included failures to escalate and monitor her deterioration, reassess her condition before transfer, and reduce risks during transfer, including transfer with an unprotected airway and without clinical escort. The report also raised concerns about the trust’s failure to investigate the circumstances, fulfil its duty of candour, and support or properly represent witnesses during the inquest.

    Read the report on judiciary.uk

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Failure to contact the patient’s family in line with the duty of candour

    Wider context from the report

    “e. The trust appears not to have appreciated the significance of these issues. It has not carried out any internal investigation, nor contacted Elaine’s family in line with its duty of candour. I am concerned that there has been no opportunity for learning within the trust, following these serious failures. ”

    Source location

    Elaine Bradbrook · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 3 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Commence a serious incident investigation to review the care provided.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “I agree that there are clear learning points from this case and I have asked the Risk Team to commence an SI investigation to review the care and submit an action plan, as necessary. I will of course share this with you and the family once complete.”

    Source location

    2018-0044-Response-by-United-Lincolnshire-Hospitals-NHS-Trust
    Page 1 · response
    Published 7 June 2018

    Open published response
  9. Manchester (North)

    AI-generated summary

    Mr Roger Hamer · Prevention of Future Deaths report

    This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.

    Report summary

    Mr Roger Hamer fell from his bicycle on Bury New Road, suffering a traumatic brain injury and multiple fractures, and died in hospital from those injuries on 2 April 2016. The inquest jury found that a pothole probably caused his fall. Concerns included inadequate recording and monitoring of carriageway deterioration, a lack of paint markings around potholes, the absence of a duty-of-candour procedure for investigating significant incidents, and proposed highway-management thresholds that might increase risks to cyclists.

    Read the report on judiciary.uk

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Lack of a duty-of-candour procedure for significant incidents

    Wider context from the report

    “(3) The Highway Authority does not have a procedure with a duty of candour for the effective investigation of, and learning lessons from, significant incidents comparable to those adopted by other public bodies (for example within the National Health Service). ”

    Source location

    Mr Roger Hamer · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 2 · concerns

    Open source report
  10. Central Lincolnshire

    AI-generated summary

    Thor Harrison Dalhaug · Prevention of Future Deaths report

    This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.

    Report summary

    Thor Dalhaug was delivered by caesarean section on 23 September 2013 in poor condition after difficulties delivering his deeply engaged head, and died approximately one hour after birth. The report identified concerns including lack of supervision of the operating surgeon, use of an inappropriate forceps technique, inadequate contemporaneous records and shortcomings in the internal investigation and disclosure of the circumstances of his death.

    Read the report on judiciary.uk

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Interference with candid disclosure of the circumstances of a death

    Wider context from the report

    “(IV) The failure to identify in the immediate aftermath of Thor's death that the operating surgeons had neglected to make a full note of the circumstances in which he died and to obligate them to provide the same; in particular ████████ was advised to amend the Caesarean pro forma, to include the fact that forceps were used in the interests of candour. He was then dissuaded from doing so by senior management as a result of their concerns as to how this would be perceived if the matter was investigated. This raises very serious concerns as to the degree of candour in disclosing the circumstances of this death. What steps have been taken to obviate a repetition of this behaviour in the future? ”

    Source location

    Thor Harrison Dalhaug · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 3 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Audit the accuracy of medical-record information and remind medical and midwifery staff of their candour duties.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “The Trust fully accepts, however, that any inference that a later timed addendum should not be added to provide greater clarity to the records was not appropriate. By way of reassurance, whilst reminding staff of the need to complete full contemporaneous notes we will also be auditing the accuracy of information within medical records, the Clinical Director and Head of Midwifery have written to all medical and midwifery staff to remind them of their duties regarding candour.”

    Source location

    2015-0063-Response-by-United-Lincolnshire-Hospitals-NHS-Trust
    Page 4 · response
    Published 6 March 2015

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Embed the duty of candour into complaints and serious-incident systems, with compliance reported to the Quality Governance Committee.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “The duty of candour has been incorporated into our complaints policy. It is also incorporated into our DATIX incident management system for moderate and severe harms. The compliance with the documentation of duty of candour is reported upward to the Quality Governance Committee – one of four sub-committees that report to the Trust Board.”

    Source location

    2015-0063-Response-by-United-Lincolnshire-Hospitals-NHS-Trust
    Page 5 · response
    Published 6 March 2015

    Open published response
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Data last updated 7 September 2026