Recurring concern

Failure to ensure safe appointment and oversight of locum doctors

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First reported 13 Apr 2014•Latest report 9 Mar 2020

Definition

What this concern includes

Includes failures in the dedicated locum-doctor appointment and oversight process, including competence assessment and sign-off, proportionate supervision or restrictions, monitoring of unresolved remediation or regulatory concerns, and review before subsequent locum employment.

Not included

  • Excludes generic staffing shortages or reliance on locum doctors where no appointment or oversight control is deficient.
  • Excludes general failures in patient records, referrals or clinical care unless they are directly part of the locum-doctor appointment or oversight process.
  • Excludes employment or disciplinary failures concerning permanent staff unless the report explicitly ties them to locum-doctor safety oversight.
  • Excludes unrelated regulatory or background-check deficiencies that do not concern the safe appointment or oversight of locum doctors.
Reports
5

Distinct published reports

Individual concerns
9

A report can raise multiple concerns

Date range
2014–2020

First to latest report issue date

Stated actions
5

Described in published responses

Reports over time

Reports over time

Reports about this concern issued each year.

* 2026 is projected from reports observed to 7 Sep 2026.

Most frequent recipients

Most frequent recipients

Reports about this concern sent to each recipient.

Department of Health and Social Care3
General Medical Council2
NHS England2
Betsi Cadwaladr University LHB1
Care Quality Commission1
East Kent Hospitals University NHS Foundation Trust1
Recipient name withheld1
Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists1
Royal Sussex County Hospital1
University Hospital Lewisham1
University Hospitals Sussex NHS Foundation Trust1
Ysbyty Gwynedd1

Concerns and responses across reports

Only concerns grouped under this recurring concern are included. Select any concern, action or position to view the source wording.

  1. North Wales (East and Central)

    AI-generated summary

    Arthur Price Hughes · Prevention of Future Deaths report

    This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.

    Report summary

    Arthur Price Hughes underwent emergency surgery on 20 October 2014, during which significant bleeding occurred; despite further surgical interventions, the injury sustained resulted in his subsequent death. The report raised concerns about the lack of a recognised protocol for observing, assessing and mentoring newly appointed locum staff, and about reluctance to supplement references with telephone calls to referees.

    Read the report on judiciary.uk

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Reluctance to supplement locum references with telephone calls to referees

    Wider context from the report

    “2. Whilst it would appear that the process by which the taking up of references has improved significantly for the appointment of locums since 2014, evidence provided at the inquest appears to indicate that there is a marked reluctance at a managerial level for references to be supplemented by telephone calls to the referees. ”

    Source location

    Arthur Price Hughes · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 1 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Develop a revised reference-validation process covering referee screening, pre-interview checks, recorded clarifications and additional competence or performance validation.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “Action taken to date:”

    Source location

    2020-0057-Response-from-Betsi-Cadwaladr-University-Health-Board-Redacted
    Page 3 · response
    Published 18 March 2020

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent position was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    COVID-19 major incident response delayed approval and implementation of the revised reference-validation process until June 2020.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “The additional elements of this process were due to be reviewed, approved and implemented from 01 April. However, this has been delayed due to the activation of the Major Incident Response to COVID-19.”

    Source location

    2020-0057-Response-from-Betsi-Cadwaladr-University-Health-Board-Redacted
    Page 4 · response
    Published 18 March 2020

    Open published response
  2. North East Kent

    AI-generated summary

    HARRY RICHFORD · Prevention of Future Deaths report

    This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.

    Report summary

    Harry Richford was born at QEQM on 2 November 2017 and died at William Harvey Hospital on 9 November 2017 after being transferred there. The report describes delays in delivery, shortcomings in the caesarean delivery and neonatal resuscitation, and subsequent hypoxia and brain injury. Substantive concerns included locum recruitment, assessment and supervision; clarity about escalation to consultants; neonatal resuscitation training; record keeping and adherence to guidelines; and inaccurate death notifications and reporting.

    Read the report on judiciary.uk

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Lack of clear requirements for consultant assessment of locum competence before overnight responsibility

    Wider context from the report

    “Concern 2 The current policy of the East Kent Trust states that it is the responsibility of the healthcare professional who will be supervising the locum to assure themselves of his/her competence. This did not happen in this case. There is at present no requirement for a locum to be assessed on a day shift by a consultant before being left in charge overnight. There is no clear direction that it is the responsibility of the assessing consultant to satisfy themselves of the locum's experience and capability. One specialist from outside the East Kent Trust, ████████, also stated that it would assist the assessing consultants to be able to see not only the locum's CV but also their references and any training records available. ”

    Source location

    HARRY RICHFORD · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 9 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Failure to assess and supervise locum clinicians

    Wider context from the report

    “Concern 1 ████████ was recruited as a locum registrar by the Hospital Trust without there appearing to have been any assessment of his skills and abilities or any supervision of him at the hospital. This was not an emergency appointment after, for example, a doctor calling in sick at the last minute. ████████ gave evidence that the recruitment, assessment and supervision of locums is a national problem and that there is a need for a review on a national level. This raises concerns that there may be a risk to other lives both at this trust and at other trusts in the future. ”

    Source location

    HARRY RICHFORD · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 8 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this respondent position was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    The CQC is responsible for deciding and providing further detail on regulatory action concerning the Trust’s maternity-service safety risks.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “In February, the Care Quality Commission (CQC) conducted an unannounced inspection of the Trust’s maternity services, after which it wrote to the Trust with an overview of its findings and sought assurance on matters relating to triage, day care and medical staffing. The full report of the CQC’s inspection will be published in due course. However, I want to assure you that the CQC continues to be in close contact with the Trust and will take regulatory action if it decides this is necessary. You have issued your report to the CQC and I expect the CQC to provide further detail on its actions.”

    Source location

    Response from Department of Health and Social Care
    Page 1 · response
    Published 11 October 2022

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent position was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    The Trust is responsible for setting out and implementing actions to address the identified maternity-service safety risks.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “I am advised that the Trust Board is taking these matters very seriously and has welcomed the national support being provided. I expect the Trust to set out in its response to your report the actions it is taking to address the important safety risks you have outlined.”

    Source location

    Response from Department of Health and Social Care
    Page 2 · response
    Published 11 October 2022

    Open published response
  3. Brighton and Hove

    AI-generated summary

    Maureen Annette ELLETT · Prevention of Future Deaths report

    This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.

    Report summary

    The report concerns the death of Maureen Annette ELLETT; the circumstances are referred to the Record of Inquest. Concerns included incomplete emergency department documentation and observations, inadequate clinical planning and review, staffing and fatigue issues, and shortcomings in ECG and observation procedures. The report states that the cumulative effect of these issues was considered catastrophic by the inquest.

    Read the report on judiciary.uk

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Failure to account for junior doctor unfamiliarity during senior review

    Wider context from the report

    “(3) No notice appears to have been taken that the junior Doctor, discussing with the Senior was an Agency Doctor who had only worked in this busy department on two previous shifts in the last three weeks. Her last experience in an Emergency Department had been eleven months earlier when she did her rotation training. It is suggested that if the Junior Doctor is not a regular member of staff this should be noted when the Senior Review takes place to ensure that no mistakes, due to inexperience or lack of knowledge of the Hospital's own systems is impinging on the Junior Doctors work. ”

    Source location

    Maureen Annette ELLETT · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 1 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Remind senior clinicians to exercise extreme caution when reviewing patients assessed by unfamiliar or locum junior staff without personally seeing them.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “3. We agree that it is particularly important for senior staff to be vigilant when working with less experienced agency junior staff. All the Emergency Department consultants and other senior doctors in the department have been asked, in the light of these events, to reflect upon their current approach, practice and vigilance. These clinicians have been strongly reminded that extreme caution should be taken if a patient is not being seen in person by them, after assessment by any locum staff who are not familiar with the department or any locum not previously known to the senior clinician.”

    Source location

    2014-0473-Response-by-Brighton-Sussex-University-Hospitals-NHS-Trust
    Page 2 · response
    Published 31 October 2014

    Open published response
  4. Inner South London

    AI-generated summary

    Thomas Warren · Prevention of Future Deaths report

    This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.

    Report summary

    Thomas Warren, a child with cerebral palsy, died after receiving a 25 microgram fentanyl patch for pain and subsequently developing symptoms before suffering a cardiac arrest. The report identified concerns about prescribing an opiate to an opiate-naïve child without hospital admission, missed opportunities to stop dispensing the drug and provide parents with adequate monitoring information, and gaps in checks on the fitness to practise of a locum doctor.

    Read the report on judiciary.uk

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Lack of regulatory monitoring and review of incomplete remediation referrals before subsequent locum employment

    Wider context from the report

    “(4) There did not appear to be any regulatory mechanism for monitoring or reviewing cases where the doctor no longer works for the Trust where a remediation referral was made and NCAS (or other body) assessment is not completed, before subsequent locum employment. Revalidation requirements might not be an effective mechanism for employment of short notice locum vacancies. ”

    Source location

    Thomas Warren · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 1 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Failure to secure complete employment histories, references and fitness to practise information for long-term locum doctors

    Wider context from the report

    “(2) There are particular difficulties with securing a complete sequence of employment and the associated references and confirmation about concerns for fitness to practice of long term locum doctors who may have gaps between jobs or worked abroad. Thus serious concerns about practice may have existed but not come to notice of the Agency or prospective employing NHS Trust. ”

    Source location

    Thomas Warren · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 1 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Complete employment and professional registration checks for recruited staff, including verifying GMC registration, restrictions and fitness-to-practise investigations.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “All staff recruitment at the Trust including engagement of agency medical staff is completed in line with these requirements. The six checks required are:”

    Source location

    2014-0378-Response-by-Lewisham-Greenwich-NHS-Trust
    Page 1 · response
    Published 14 August 2014

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Review temporary-staff employment-check processes, including medical agency staff, through an internal audit in January 2015.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “We also review both policy and practice in relation to employment checks on a regular basis and as changes to the national requirements are introduced. Our internal audit team will be reviewing the processes for temporary staff, including medical agency staff, in January 2015, and any recommendations from this audit will of course will be implemented.”

    Source location

    2014-0378-Response-by-Lewisham-Greenwich-NHS-Trust
    Page 2 · response
    Published 14 August 2014

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Establish a high-level Secondary Care Locum Doctor Working Group and obtain recommendations to strengthen locum-doctor recruitment and quality assurance.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “In November 2013, I established a high level Secondary Care Locum Doctor Working Group. This made a series of recommendations to Government to strengthen the existing arrangements:”

    Source location

    2014-0378-Response-by-Department-of-Health
    Page 2 · response
    Published 14 August 2014

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent position was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Existing recruitment and revalidation arrangements provide sufficient assurance, so further enquiry into locum doctors’ previous fitness-to-practise concerns is not necessary.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “As part of the professional registration and qualification check, the Trust verifies on line with the Registered Body, in this case the GMC, whether the candidate:”

    Source location

    2014-0378-Response-by-Lewisham-Greenwich-NHS-Trust
    Page 2 · response
    Published 14 August 2014

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent position was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Locum agencies and healthcare providers are responsible for checking doctors’ fitness and suitability, with ultimate responsibility resting with the employer.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “It is the responsibility of both the locum agency and the healthcare provider to check a doctor is up to date, fit to practise and suitable for a specific post. Ultimately, the employer is responsible for the staff it employs, but if an agency is involved, the agency should apply the same checks as the Trust itself would if employing directly.”

    Source location

    2014-0378-Response-by-Department-of-Health
    Page 3 · response
    Published 14 August 2014

    Open published response
  5. Leicester City and South Leicestershire

    AI-generated summary

    Lalitab en Jayantibhai Patel · Prevention of Future Deaths report

    This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.

    Report summary

    Mrs Patel underwent elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy on 4 May 2012, during which inappropriate dissection damaged a vessel near the common bile duct. The vessel ruptured, causing a massive secondary haemorrhage, subsequent complications and hypoxic brain injury, followed by her death on 20 December 2012; the principal concern was inadequate systems for assessing and supervising locum consultant surgeons, creating a risk of similar events elsewhere.

    Read the report on judiciary.uk

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Failure to provide supervision proportionate to identified competence concerns for locum consultants

    Wider context from the report

    “(1) The surgeon who had responsibility for the elective cholecystectomy was a Locum Consultant Surgeon and was in the second week of his 4 weeks contract. Evidence was heard that he had been appointed via an agency following which he undertook two practical assessments at the University Hospitals Leicester. In summary, there were two main issues highlighted by both assessing Consultants on two separate days resulting in a decision to restrict the Locum Consultant Surgeon to conducting routine laparoscopic cholecystectomies. However, as this was a Consultant grade Locum, no other supervision was provided in respect of the cases under his clinical management. Evidence revealed that the systems in place at the material time for signing off a locum Consultant as competent to undertake independent practice were not as robust as they should have been. The inquest heard that University Hospitals Leicester have now changed their recruitment process for Locums and that Locums must be recruited by the ‘Locum Bookers’ team in accordance with Trust policy. In addition the processes for signing off a locum consultant as competent are more robust. However, it is understood that in other areas the practice for appointing locums is not so robust and mirrors the practice undertaken at the material time. Accordingly, there is a real risk that what happened in this case could happen elsewhere. ”

    Source location

    Lalitab en Jayantibhai Patel · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 1 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Failure to use robust processes for signing off locum consultants as competent for independent practice

    Wider context from the report

    “(1) The surgeon who had responsibility for the elective cholecystectomy was a Locum Consultant Surgeon and was in the second week of his 4 weeks contract. Evidence was heard that he had been appointed via an agency following which he undertook two practical assessments at the University Hospitals Leicester. In summary, there were two main issues highlighted by both assessing Consultants on two separate days resulting in a decision to restrict the Locum Consultant Surgeon to conducting routine laparoscopic cholecystectomies. However, as this was a Consultant grade Locum, no other supervision was provided in respect of the cases under his clinical management. Evidence revealed that the systems in place at the material time for signing off a locum Consultant as competent to undertake independent practice were not as robust as they should have been. The inquest heard that University Hospitals Leicester have now changed their recruitment process for Locums and that Locums must be recruited by the ‘Locum Bookers’ team in accordance with Trust policy. In addition the processes for signing off a locum consultant as competent are more robust. However, it is understood that in other areas the practice for appointing locums is not so robust and mirrors the practice undertaken at the material time. Accordingly, there is a real risk that what happened in this case could happen elsewhere. ”

    Source location

    Lalitab en Jayantibhai Patel · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 2 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Failure to use robust processes for appointing locum consultants

    Wider context from the report

    “(1) The surgeon who had responsibility for the elective cholecystectomy was a Locum Consultant Surgeon and was in the second week of his 4 weeks contract. Evidence was heard that he had been appointed via an agency following which he undertook two practical assessments at the University Hospitals Leicester. In summary, there were two main issues highlighted by both assessing Consultants on two separate days resulting in a decision to restrict the Locum Consultant Surgeon to conducting routine laparoscopic cholecystectomies. However, as this was a Consultant grade Locum, no other supervision was provided in respect of the cases under his clinical management. Evidence revealed that the systems in place at the material time for signing off a locum Consultant as competent to undertake independent practice were not as robust as they should have been. The inquest heard that University Hospitals Leicester have now changed their recruitment process for Locums and that Locums must be recruited by the ‘Locum Bookers’ team in accordance with Trust policy. In addition the processes for signing off a locum consultant as competent are more robust. However, it is understood that in other areas the practice for appointing locums is not so robust and mirrors the practice undertaken at the material time. Accordingly, there is a real risk that what happened in this case could happen elsewhere. ”

    Source location

    Lalitab en Jayantibhai Patel · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 2 · concerns

    Open source report
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Data last updated 7 September 2026