Recurring concern

Failure to ensure staff competence in resuscitation

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First reported 16 Dec 2013•Latest report 20 Feb 2026

Definition

What this concern includes

Includes failures of resuscitation-specific training, competence assessment, refresher provision, guidance alignment, practical preparation and supporting aids where these affect staff ability to recognise when resuscitation is required and deliver it safely across healthcare and comparable care settings.

Not included

  • Excludes general first-aid or emergency-response training deficiencies where resuscitation competence is not the identified unsafe condition.
  • Excludes failures of resuscitation equipment availability, serviceability or deployment where staff competence is not deficient.
  • Excludes clinical errors during resuscitation where the responsible staff had appropriate resuscitation competence and the problem lies in another control.
  • Excludes generic training, staffing or communication deficiencies not specifically tied to resuscitation competence.
Reports
30

Distinct published reports

Individual concerns
32

A report can raise multiple concerns

Date range
2013–2026

First to latest report issue date

Stated actions
51

Described in published responses

Reports over time

Reports over time

Reports about this concern issued each year.

* 2026 is projected from reports observed to 7 Sep 2026.

Most frequent recipients

Most frequent recipients

Reports about this concern sent to each recipient.

Care Quality Commission4
HM Prison and Probation Service4
NHS England3
Department of Health and Social Care2
Wandsworth Prison2
Barons Park Care1
Birmingham and Solihull Mental Health NHS Foundation Trust1
Bupa Care Homes (GL) Limited1
Camino Healthcare Limited1
College of Policing1
East Kent Hospitals University NHS Foundation Trust1
East London NHS Foundation Trust1
Edgware Community Hospital1
Father of the deceased1
Foreign, Commonwealth & Development Office1

Concerns and responses across reports

Only concerns grouped under this recurring concern are included. Select any concern, action or position to view the source wording.

  1. Inner North London

    AI-generated summary

    Sean Perry WILLIAMS · Prevention of Future Deaths report

    This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.

    Report summary

    Sean Williams died in the back of a Serco van outside Thames Magistrates’ Court after suffering a fit during transport and then a cardiac arrest. Concerns included gaps in his custody healthcare assessment and treatment, inadequate Serco first-aid training and competence assessment, failure to provide timely first aid, unclear emergency procedures, and insufficient emphasis on preserving life.

    Read the report on judiciary.uk

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Failure of first aid staff to provide complete resuscitation measures

    Wider context from the report

    “For the MPS The MPS had already recognised before inquest that, following Mr Williams’ detention, he was not seen by a custody nurse for 23 hours. However, there was another sub optimal element of his care that did not appear to have been identified. The custody nurse who reviewed Mr Williams on two separate occasions in the twelve hours immediately before he attended court, did not on the second occasion take any observations of Mr Williams’ vital signs before (or after) prescribing dihydrocodeine, and did not record any part of Mr Williams’ clinical picture. Despite having prescribed dihydrocodeine for drug withdrawal, when giving evidence in court the nurse was unable to describe the signs and symptoms of withdrawal. For Serco By 18.11 hours, the Serco van that was transporting Mr Williams had returned to the court car park entrance and the driver had got out of the cab and into the back of the van. At that point, neither the escort nor the driver opened the door to Mr Williams’ cell to administer first aid - at the very least to relieve his slumped, squashed position to try to deal with any potential airway obstruction. At 18.15 hours when he stopped showing any signs of life, they still did not open his door. They only opened his door at 18.23 hours, removing him from the cell at 18.24 hours, and administering chest compressions at 18.25 hours. The driver did not press the emergency button in the cab to alert the operations control centre of the situation. The Serco crew did call the London Ambulance Service from the van, but were unable to give the postcode of their location. I put it to the Serco driver that the focus of the two Serco crew members seemed to be on talking to the three other prisoners in their cells, on phone calls, in fact on anything except getting Mr Williams out of his cell to see if the crew could help him. The driver agreed. The Serco driver eventually administered chest compressions but could not face giving rescue breaths. He seemed to have forgotten that he had a face guard hanging from his belt. Despite evidence from Serco that they were satisfied with the first aid training that was given to the two officers, the jury found that: - the Serco first aid training was inadequate; - it did not include a video of a seizure; - it did not sufficiently emphasise the urgency of potentially life saving measures such as use of the recovery position; - the Serco assessment of the first aid knowledge and competence of its staff was inadequate; - Serco failed to provide clear guidance on the emergency button procedures; - Serco’s policy appeared to conflict with its training slides about whether staff should or are even permitted to drive a casualty direct to hospital; - Serco gave insufficient emphasis on urgency and the paramount importance of preserving life. ”

    Source location

    Sean Perry WILLIAMS · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 3 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Create and require staff to complete a separate online medical-emergency vehicle course covering emergency response, basic life support and related vehicle incidents, with an 80% pass threshold.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “In addition, in order to remind staff of the required process and aid their retention of the information provided during the training, in March 2025 we created a new online course on Serco’s LMS. This is a mandatory course for all staff members and includes what to do in an emergency medical incident, basic life support, self-harm incidents, vehicle breakdown, fire and anything deemed a vehicle emergency. The content provides a refresher of the training covered in the ITC course, to reinforce learning and gives additional prominence by being a separate module and links together the concepts that staff have learned during their Highfield First Aid training.”

    Source location

    Response from Serco
    Page 3 · response
    Published 24 February 2026

    Open published response
  2. Northumberland

    AI-generated summary

    Joan WHITWORTH · Prevention of Future Deaths report

    This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.

    Report summary

    Joan Whitworth, a resident of Oaks Care Home with advanced dementia and a DNACPR order, died there on 3 March 2023 after choking caused by massive aspiration. Concerns included the adequacy of the speech and language assessment, staff training and induction, delayed intervention when she showed signs of choking, and food being prepared contrary to her diet plan.

    Read the report on judiciary.uk

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Failure to ensure staff have current Basic Life Support and First Aid at Work training

    Wider context from the report

    “2. Basic Life Support and First Aid at Work I am concerned that a Registered General Nurse and a Senior Care Assistant were not in date with their training in Basic Life Support and First Aid at Work. I am further concerned that it could not be confirmed if an Agency Care Worker was up to date with their training in Basic Life Support and First Aid at Work. ”

    Source location

    Joan WHITWORTH · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 2 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Operate an electronic training platform with expiry alerts and scheduled weekly compliance reports for home managers.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “1a. We have changed the electronic platform on which we record staff training since the death of Joan Whitworth in March 2023. The new platform offers an additional function in that it will alert the staff member when training is due to expire, meaning timely reminders and arrangements for refresher training can take place. Further to this, an automated report has been scheduled for the Home Manager to receive a compliance report at the same time each week in order that they are fully aware of training that is nearing expiry and can therefore remind staff to complete promptly.”

    Source location

    Response from Hill Care Group
    Page 1 · response
    Published 30 July 2025

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Require Regional Managers to check compliance with mandatory and refresher training through governance systems.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “1b. We have added additional checks to our governance systems meaning that Regional Managers will also check for compliance with mandatory training (that includes refresher training) as part of their role.”

    Source location

    Response from Hill Care Group
    Page 1 · response
    Published 30 July 2025

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Verify agency workers’ training credentials before shifts and reiterate mandatory training requirements to the agency supplier.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “1c. With regard to the agency care worker, we have reviewed the system by which we check the skills and training credentials of agency workers. Profiles for workers are now received and checked for each care worker prior to their shift; this now includes the training they have completed and the dates of completion. Since then, we have reiterated with our agency staff supplier the mandatory training that is required of their workers and that this must be kept up to date.”

    Source location

    Response from Hill Care Group
    Page 1 · response
    Published 30 July 2025

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Reissue Basic Life Support and IDDSI/Dysphagia training electronically with defined completion timeframes.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “1d. We have reissued Basic Life Support and IDDSI/Dysphagia training to all staff on the electronic system and have allocated a specific timeframe in which this training is to be completed. All staff will have completed face to face emergency first aid training by 14th October 2025.”

    Source location

    Response from Hill Care Group
    Page 2 · response
    Published 30 July 2025

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Deliver face-to-face emergency first aid training to all staff by 14 October 2025.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “1d. We have reissued Basic Life Support and IDDSI/Dysphagia training to all staff on the electronic system and have allocated a specific timeframe in which this training is to be completed. All staff will have completed face to face emergency first aid training by 14th October 2025.”

    Source location

    Response from Hill Care Group
    Page 2 · response
    Published 30 July 2025

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Use revised agency induction forms to verify first aid, mandatory training, modified-diet awareness and daily nutritional-report awareness.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “3a. We have reviewed the induction forms for all agency roles that we use in our homes to ensure that they capture information that allows us to see that agency care assistants have up-to-date first aid training. For agency senior care assistants and nurses we have modified our form to ensure we check that mandatory training is in place and in date, and that residents modified diets are discussed and the worker is aware of the IDDSI and nutritional report that is reviewed daily.”

    Source location

    Response from Hill Care Group
    Page 2 · response
    Published 30 July 2025

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent position was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    The measures described are considered sufficient to satisfy the concerns, so no further safety work is proposed.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “We trust that these measures are sufficient to satisfy your concerns.”

    Source location

    Response from Hill Care Group
    Page 3 · response
    Published 30 July 2025

    Open published response
  3. Manchester South

    AI-generated summary

    Nathan Harry SHEPHERD · Prevention of Future Deaths report

    This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.

    Report summary

    Nathan Harry Shepherd died in hospital on 16 January 2024 after being found suspended from a ligature in his room at approved premises, following an unsuccessful attempt to gain immediate entry because the room had been barricaded. The inquest concluded that the death was suicide, with medical cause of death recorded as hypoxic brain injury and hanging. Concerns included the lack of policies and training for barricaded-room incidents, movable furniture that enabled barricading, ligature points, inadequate assurance of agency staff first-aid and CPR capability, and ineffective sharing of risk information.

    Read the report on judiciary.uk

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Failure to verify agency staff competence to deliver CPR and First Aid

    Wider context from the report

    “5. Agency staff were used under a national contract. The evidence before the inquest was that at the time of Mr Shepherd’s death there was no policy for ensuring they could deliver CPR / First Aid. It was part of the national contract that they should be so trained but there were no checks to ensure that this part of the contract was being followed. The evidence at the inquest was that the agency worker in place on the night did not appear able to deliver CPR. ”

    Source location

    Nathan Harry SHEPHERD · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 2 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Bring Approved Premises night shifts in house when the external Double Waking Night Cover contract ends in March 2026.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “The Double Waking Night Cover contract with external agencies is due to come to an end in March 2026 and thereafter night shifts at Approved Premises will no longer be contracted out and will be brought in house. This will ensure that all staff will be trained in accordance with HMPPS requirements, which includes First Aid, CPR and use of the defibrillator. There are already pilots in place across the country looking to this new arrangement. Where this service is still being delivered by external agencies, it will be part of the contract management process to monitor compliance with the contractual term that requires the agency staff to be fully trained to the standard required by HMPPS.”

    Source location

    Response from HMPPS
    Page 2 · response
    Published 22 January 2025

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Monitor external agency compliance with contractual requirements for HMPPS-standard training, including First Aid, CPR and defibrillator use.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “The Double Waking Night Cover contract with external agencies is due to come to an end in March 2026 and thereafter night shifts at Approved Premises will no longer be contracted out and will be brought in house. This will ensure that all staff will be trained in accordance with HMPPS requirements, which includes First Aid, CPR and use of the defibrillator. There are already pilots in place across the country looking to this new arrangement. Where this service is still being delivered by external agencies, it will be part of the contract management process to monitor compliance with the contractual term that requires the agency staff to be fully trained to the standard required by HMPPS.”

    Source location

    Response from HMPPS
    Page 2 · response
    Published 22 January 2025

    Open published response
  4. Cumbria

    AI-generated summary

    James Reginald Capstick · Prevention of Future Deaths report

    This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.

    Report summary

    James Reginald Capstick died in hospital on 1 October 2022 after sustaining multiple rib fractures during more than 20 minutes of chest compressions when he was not in cardiac arrest, followed by respiratory insufficiency and pneumonia. The report raised concerns about the quality of care at Westmorland Court, the reliability of care records, the absence of a defibrillator at the time, and the failure to recognise signs of life during the resuscitation attempt.

    Read the report on judiciary.uk

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Failure to retain and apply basic resuscitation training

    Wider context from the report

    “(3) To Nursing and Midwifery Council. A Registered nurse was in charge of the home on the night of Reg's injury. Her statement told us that she forgot her basic training and had never had to attempt CPR before. Despite clear signs of breathing and resistance to her efforts she continued to be guided by the call handler at NWAS who had been confused by her inconsistent responses to his questions. Basic checks and signs of life were ignored. I was told at inquest that after being stepped down from nursing duty for a while she had had further training and was back in position. I was told that a referral to yourselves had been made and acknowledged but nothing further had been heard, has the referral been closed? ”

    Source location

    James Reginald Capstick · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 3 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Provide basic life-support training for all senior staff and registered nurses.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “As a Home, we are keen to drive “lessons learned” improvements across our care quality and practice. Ongoing discussions have been taking place and have been had with all staff about the case and understandably the concerns outlined by the Coroner in relation to basic life support and accuracy of record keeping. All senior staff and registered nurses now have the appropriate training in place for basic life support.”

    Source location

    Response from Westmorland Court Care Home
    Page 4 · response
    Published 9 August 2024

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Conduct daily walk-round audits that test staff knowledge of ABCDE assessment and recognition of cardiac arrest.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “Daily walk round audits are conducted which include testing staffs’ knowledge of the ABCDE assessment process to competently assess a resident and identify whether a person is in cardiac arrest.”

    Source location

    Response from Westmorland Court Care Home
    Page 4 · response
    Published 9 August 2024

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Followed up the provider’s actions addressing the CPR incident, including staff refresher training and action concerning the involved nurse.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “CQC were informed of the outcome of the local authority safeguarding investigation into the use of CPR on 1 December 2021 including actions to be taken to prevent further incidents. Actions included internal investigation by the provider, audit of the incident, a refresher of basic life support training for all staff, and a referral to the NMC regarding the individual nurse’s conduct. CQC followed up these actions and were reassured that staff had received refresher training in basic life support and that the provider had taken appropriate actions in relation to the registered nurse involved in the incident.”

    Source location

    Response from CQC
    Page 1 · response
    Published 9 August 2024

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Continue the fitness-to-practise investigation into the registered nurse and decide whether to progress or close the case for public-protection reasons.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “We can confirm that our investigations in relation to the concerns raised about the registered nurse in charge of the home on the night of Mr Capstick’s injury are ongoing. We have shared your concerns as set out in the PFD with the investigating team. We have also contacted Westmorland Court for further information and obtained details about the registered nurse’s current practice. We have contacted the registered nurse to give them the ability to comment on the concerns and are waiting for their response. We expect to make a decision in the next two to three weeks on whether to progress our investigations on the basis that we need to take action to protect the public or whether we can close the case on the basis that there are no public protection issues.”

    Source location

    Response from NMC
    Page 3 · response
    Published 9 August 2024

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Complete a risk assessment to determine whether urgent interim restrictions or suspension are required to protect the public.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “We also carried out a risk assessment upon receipt of the referral to establish whether urgent interim action needed to be taken to suspend or restrict the individual’s practice. We concluded an interim order was not necessary for public protection and was not otherwise in the public interest. We continue to keep this under review pending receipt of new information.”

    Source location

    Response from NMC
    Page 3 · response
    Published 9 August 2024

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Keep the decision not to impose an interim order under review pending new information.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “We also carried out a risk assessment upon receipt of the referral to establish whether urgent interim action needed to be taken to suspend or restrict the individual’s practice. We concluded an interim order was not necessary for public protection and was not otherwise in the public interest. We continue to keep this under review pending receipt of new information.”

    Source location

    Response from NMC
    Page 3 · response
    Published 9 August 2024

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent position was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Without defibrillators, suitable resuscitation policies, procedures and trained staff are considered an appropriate alternative.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “Where equipment such as defibrillators are not installed, we would expect a provider to be able to demonstrate that they have suitable policies and procedures in place to ensure appropriate resuscitation methods can be carried out if required by suitably trained staff.”

    Source location

    Response from CQC
    Page 2 · response
    Published 9 August 2024

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent position was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    An interim order restricting or suspending the nurse’s practice was not considered necessary for public protection or otherwise in the public interest.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “We also carried out a risk assessment upon receipt of the referral to establish whether urgent interim action needed to be taken to suspend or restrict the individual’s practice. We concluded an interim order was not necessary for public protection and was not otherwise in the public interest. We continue to keep this under review pending receipt of new information.”

    Source location

    Response from NMC
    Page 3 · response
    Published 9 August 2024

    Open published response
  5. Inner West London

    AI-generated summary

    Daniel Beckford · Prevention of Future Deaths report

    This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.

    Report summary

    Daniel Beckford was detained at HMP Wandsworth and was found hanging in his cell after taking an overdose of prescribed antibiotic medication. He was transferred to St George’s Hospital, where he was declared deceased. The report identified concerns about the provision and content of first aid training, including a lack of clarity about the use of rescue breaths during resuscitation attempts.

    Read the report on judiciary.uk

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Lack of clarity in first aid training on the use of rescue breaths during resuscitation attempts

    Wider context from the report

    “(1) The provision and content of first aid training. The evidence of witnesses revealed an absence of clarity in the first aid training to prison officers on the use of rescue breaths during resuscitation attempts, as per current advice from the Resuscitation Council UK. ”

    Source location

    Daniel Beckford · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 2 · concerns

    Open source report
  6. Coventry

    AI-generated summary

    Ronald James JEPSON · Prevention of Future Deaths report

    This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.

    Report summary

    Ronald James Jepson, who resided at a mental healthcare facility and had a known risk of choking, suffered an unwitnessed choking episode after being provided with supper and died in hospital on 15 March 2023. Concerns included delayed and suboptimal CPR, staff calling 111 rather than 999, and infrequent and ineffectual emergency training for care home staff.

    Read the report on judiciary.uk

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Delays in commencing and deficiencies in the quality of CPR by care staff

    Wider context from the report

    “i. Timely and commensurate interventions of care staff can have a significant positive bearing upon the outcome of a choking episode. Training on how to deal with emergency situations is not ingrained in care home staff. ii. The circumstances of this inquest touching upon the death of Ronald JEPSON accentuated this point. The evidence was that Mr Jepson 'gargling' and becoming unresponsive was an emergency. 111 (a non-emergency number) was called by care home staff and not 999. iii. A call handler recognising it was an emergency escalated matters and guidance was given to care staff as to CPR. First attempts as resuscitation by care staff were following an appreciable period of time (ascribed to inexperience and panic) and the cardiopulmonary resuscitation was sub optimal. iv. The removal of the food occluding the airway of Mr Jepson and effective CPR was provided by paramedics immediately lead a reduced cyanosis. v. A choking episode, of itself, is a time critical event. vi. Such training at the time of the incident was ineffectual and infrequent (online) with the consequence being that when an emergency arose the actions of staff to aid a resident were cumulatively sub optimal. vii. Following the incident there has been no significant increase in training frequency such as would better enable commensurate training to be ingrained in staff which may make significant difference in averting an adverse outcome for a resident in need of emergency care/ assistance. ”

    Source location

    Ronald James JEPSON · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 2 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Provide face-to-face basic life-support and Level 1 first-aid training covering choking recognition, immediate response and escalation; training has reached 82% of staff.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “ii) At the time of Mr. Ronald James Jepson, staff at Meadow House had all completed e-learning 1st aid training. To ensure staff team are further prepared to deal with medical emergencies that might arise during support and care delivery, Provider sourced Face-to-Face Basic Life Support Training for staff, for which 82% of the staff attended. Since the incident, the Provider has sourced and supplied Level 1 1st Aid. The training encompassed a practical session for various emergencies that might arise in the service including recognizing when a resident is choking, immediate actions to take and escalation.”

    Source location

    Response from Meadow House
    Page 2 · response
    Published 29 April 2024

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Deliver a face-to-face three-day Level 3 first-aid qualification to all service shift leaders.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “iv) Advanced Life Support Training for all Senior Care and Support Workers in the Services. To ensure a high level of skill set in dealing with medical emergencies in the service, the Provider has taken further steps by sourcing face to face 3-day course, Level 3 Award in First Aid at Work (RQF). The training is aimed at all Shift Leaders in the Service and is due to be delivered from the 15th May 2024 to the 18th May 2024”

    Source location

    Response from Meadow House
    Page 2 · response
    Published 29 April 2024

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Introduce tabletop emergency exercises alongside face-to-face training and continuing e-learning.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “iii) From the face-to-face training provided and the desk top exercises now in place, the provider is assured that should a similar incident occur staff will act accordingly without panic and in a timely manner.”

    Source location

    Response from Meadow House
    Page 2 · response
    Published 29 April 2024

    Open published response
  7. Manchester South

    AI-generated summary

    Luca Yates · Prevention of Future Deaths report

    This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.

    Report summary

    Luca Yates was born by emergency caesarean section on 23 January 2022 after fetal bradycardia was detected, and died the following day after difficult resuscitation. The inquest found that he died from complications of asphyxia around the time of birth, with concerns including failure to recognise established or transitioning labour, absence of hospital monitoring, and non-use of 100% oxygen during part of resuscitation. The report also raised concerns about future paediatric doctors having reduced experience in neonatal resuscitation.

    Read the report on judiciary.uk

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Reduction in paediatric middle grades' practical experience in neonatal resuscitation

    Wider context from the report

    “The court heard evidence as to planned changes to paediatric specialist training which will result in a reduction in amount of time specialty trainees are required to spend gaining experience in Level 3 Neonatal units. The following matters of concern arise from this:- 1) It is a matter of concern that paediatric middle grades may have reduced practical experience in resuscitation of neonates born in poor condition, that will increase the reliance on Consultants (who in some clinical settings may be non-resident on call depending when delivery takes place); and 2) It is a matter of concern that Consultant general paediatricians of the future will have a lower level of experience than is currently the case of complex neonatal resuscitation. ”

    Source location

    Luca Yates · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 2 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Require all core trainees to spend time in a neonatal setting during training.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “It is true that there are no specific mandatory placements during core training. This is because the curricular learning outcomes and key capabilities are generic in nature and can be acquired in most settings. However, in order to meet the key capabilities related to neonatal care (see below) and to prepare trainees to be on tier 2 rotas at ST4 covering neonatal units, all trainees will spend time during their core training in a neonatal setting. Full”

    Source location

    Response from Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health
    Page 1 · response
    Published 13 November 2023

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Use a formal supervisor assessment to confirm trainee readiness for tier 2 rota work.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “The capabilities to lead neonatal resuscitation will be largely acquired and maintained through training and simulation, augmented by clinical experience. The key capabilities needed are outlined in the core syllabus document and are clearly aligned to the need for neonatal resuscitation skills. It is our view that these key capabilities, combined with our new 'readiness for tier 2 working' assessment form, and the much more specific (and safe) airway capabilities in the core curriculum do provide safe training to manage neonatal resuscitation as the first senior responder – always with consultant support available to come in from home. In addition, there continues to be a requirement to be a current Newborn Life Support (NLS) provider in order to work on the tier 2 rota.”

    Source location

    Response from Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health
    Page 2 · response
    Published 13 November 2023

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Require general paediatric specialty trainees to spend time in a neonatal setting.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “E. General paediatric consultants experience of neonatal resuscitation”

    Source location

    Response from Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health
    Page 3 · response
    Published 13 November 2023

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Maintain mandatory specialty-level capabilities for neonatal resuscitation and airway management.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “70% of paediatric trainees will train as general paediatricians, of which a significant proportion will go on to work in a DGH covering a local neonatal unit or SCBU where there may be a need for neonatal resuscitation. In recognition of this, the general paediatric specialty level syllabus has mandatory key capabilities relating to neonatal resuscitation and airway management. To evidence these, trainees at specialty level following the general paediatric pathway will need to spend time in a neonatal setting again.”

    Source location

    Response from Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health
    Page 3 · response
    Published 13 November 2023

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent position was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Specific mandatory neonatal placements are unnecessary because capabilities can be acquired in most settings, with all trainees spending time in a neonatal setting.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “It is true that there are no specific mandatory placements during core training. This is because the curricular learning outcomes and key capabilities are generic in nature and can be acquired in most settings. However, in order to meet the key capabilities related to neonatal care (see below) and to prepare trainees to be on tier 2 rotas at ST4 covering neonatal units, all trainees will spend time during their core training in a neonatal setting. Full”

    Source location

    Response from Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health
    Page 1 · response
    Published 13 November 2023

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent position was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Mandatory non-invasive airway skills, readiness assessment, consultant support and current Newborn Life Support status provide safe preparation for neonatal resuscitation.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “The capabilities to lead neonatal resuscitation will be largely acquired and maintained through training and simulation, augmented by clinical experience. The key capabilities needed are outlined in the core syllabus document and are clearly aligned to the need for neonatal resuscitation skills. It is our view that these key capabilities, combined with our new 'readiness for tier 2 working' assessment form, and the much more specific (and safe) airway capabilities in the core curriculum do provide safe training to manage neonatal resuscitation as the first senior responder – always with consultant support available to come in from home. In addition, there continues to be a requirement to be a current Newborn Life Support (NLS) provider in order to work on the tier 2 rota.”

    Source location

    Response from Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health
    Page 2 · response
    Published 13 November 2023

    Open published response
  8. Swansea and Neath Port Talbot

    AI-generated summary

    Christopher James Locke · Prevention of Future Deaths report

    This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.

    Report summary

    Christopher James Locke sustained a cardiac arrest at a public house on 21 October 2021 and died at Morriston Hospital on 29 October 2021 from hypoxic ischaemic encephalopathy caused by the arrest. The concerns included that emergency services did not instruct the caller to begin chest compressions, and that public-house staff may lack CPR training needed to provide lifesaving treatment when appropriate.

    Read the report on judiciary.uk

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Failure to provide staff with CPR training

    Wider context from the report

    “3. Whilst the primary responsibility of staff is to comply with EMD directions they are deprived of the opportunity to provide lifesaving treatment in circumstances that warrant it if that training is not offered 4. Staff would not know the circumstances that warrant it without the benefit of CPR training. ”

    Source location

    Christopher James Locke · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 2 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this respondent position was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Existing policy of calling emergency services and relying on qualified medical professionals is considered sufficient; CPR training will not be added.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “Wetherspoon have a policy that if any customers or staff get into a medical emergency, care is provided by appropriately trained medical professionals. It is therefore Wetherspoon’s policy that for any injury or medical incident that requires immediate attention, emergency services are called and an ambulance is requested. Wetherspoon does not provide or offer medical training (which would include CPR training) to its staff as it feels a qualified medical professional is best place to provide it. This policy has been in place for 25 years and has been reviewed by and assured advice has been received from Wetherspoon’s Primary Authority.”

    Source location

    Response from JD Wetherspoon PLC
    Page 1 · response
    Published 7 September 2023

    Open published response
  9. Cambridgeshire and Peterborough

    AI-generated summary

    Amelia Barbosa · Prevention of Future Deaths report

    This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.

    Report summary

    Amelia Barbosa suffered an acute hypoxic injury immediately before delivery that continued during resuscitation, and she died in hospital on 13 December 2020 at 7 days old. Concerns included unreliable cord blood sampling, delays in obtaining vascular access and administering treatment, inadequate consideration of blood transfusion before resuscitation stopped, and delayed effective cooling. The report also raised concerns that learning and training on these issues had not been fully implemented.

    Read the report on judiciary.uk

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Lack of training on blood transfusion during neonatal resuscitation

    Wider context from the report

    “2. While I read evidence of some training that had been provided in response to HSIB recommendations for further training on auscultation in addition to saturation monitoring and ECG monitoring during resuscitation, the independent expert also recommended training on UVC and IO access. I am also concerned that there does not appear to have been training in relation to the provision of blood transfusions in such cases to ensure that all potential reversible causes are treated before resuscitation stops. The Head of Midwifery who attended the inquest to advise on issues relating to the recommendations was not in a position to provide evidence on the neonatal position and I have been provided with no evidence by the Trust that these issues have been considered. I am concerned that they require further action. ”

    Source location

    Amelia Barbosa · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 3 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Adopt a low threshold for blood transfusion during resuscitation, preferring blood boluses over fluids in line with 2021 NLS guidance.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “Your report also referred to training in relation to the provision of blood transfusions. Whether a blood transfusion is given during a resuscitation is a matter of clinical judgement for the clinician in charge of resuscitation. However, it has been accepted by our Paediatricians that there should be a low threshold for giving a blood transfusion. In particular, it is preferable to give a bolus with blood rather than fluids. This adopts the NLS (Newborn Life Support) Guidelines from 2021 which recommends this.”

    Source location

    Response from North West Anglia NHS Foundation Trust
    Page 2 · response
    Published 23 May 2023

    Open published response
  10. Inner South London

    AI-generated summary

    Mr Nathan Forrester · Prevention of Future Deaths report

    This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.

    Report summary

    Mr Nathan Forrester died in a shared prison cell after consuming illicit drugs, and the jury concluded that he died of a drug-related death. Concerns included delays and insufficient training in removing an unresponsive prisoner from a top bunk for CPR, and gaps in nurses’ CPR, airway-management and handover training in detention settings.

    Read the report on judiciary.uk

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Failure of nurses to provide effective resuscitation

    Wider context from the report

    “2. Training of nurses in CPR (NHS England) Nurses attending the Code Blue had no training insertion of an IGel or oropharyngeal tube, nor was an airway available in the emergency bags. Paramedics reported that resuscitation being provided by nurses was ineffective (too low and too fast) and that they had an inadequate handover. These deficiencies have been addressed locally and all nurses in Oxleas NHS Trust are trained annually to ILS level and airways are available. The concern is that this standard of training of nurses working in detention settings nationally may not be universal. ”

    Source location

    Mr Nathan Forrester · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 2 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Publish service specifications requiring prison healthcare providers to develop emergency-response protocols and CPR training.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “The Service Specification, ‘primary care service, medical and nursing for prisons in England’, published in March 2020, includes a section on unplanned and emergency. This outlines the requirements for the healthcare provider to develop and implement protocols, specific to each prison, for responding to and managing emergencies including training for staff in CPR. Immediate Life Support (ILS) training provides healthcare professionals with the skills needed to respond in an emergency.”

    Source location

    Response from NHS England
    Page 2 · response
    Published 31 January 2023

    Open published response
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Data last updated 7 September 2026