PFD report

Kenneth George Alfred WHITTINGTON · Prevention of Future Deaths report

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Issued 14 Feb 2019•Brighton and Hove

Report record

Published report and response evidence

This page connects the concerns raised in this report with statements found in recipients’ published responses. A link shows a clear evidence connection; it does not assign responsibility.

View original report
Concerns
7

Raised in this report

Recipients
1

Named on the report

Responses found
1

Of 1 recipient

Stated actions
16

Described in responses

Source document

Full report text

This is the full text from the original published report.

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Concerns and recipient responses

Select any concern, action or position to view the source wording.

Report evidence summary

Concerns raised7

  1. Failure to check disconnected epidurals in response to increasing pain
    Part of recurring concern: Failure to provide timely and adequate pain relief
  2. Failure of the postoperative pathway to provide safe urinary catheter removal guidance
    Part of recurring concern: Unreliable management of urinary catheters
  3. Lack of postoperative urinary catheter management instructions
    Part of recurring concern: Unreliable management of urinary catheters
Responses linked to these concerns

Each statement is shown once, even when linked to more than one concern.

Actions described in response An action is something a recipient says it has done, is doing, or plans to do in response to a concern raised.11

  1. Action

    Use documentation audits to review discharge-documentation quality.

    Stated by University Hospitals Sussex NHS Foundation TrustStated in progressThe respondent said that this action was in progress when they made their response on 24 May 2019.
  2. Action

    Revise the Enhanced Recovery Programme booklet to include post-operative urinary-catheter management guidance.

    Stated by University Hospitals Sussex NHS Foundation TrustStated completedThe respondent said that this action was complete when they made their response on 24 May 2019.
  3. Action

    Run mandatory daily morning Board Rounds across all wards and specialties to coordinate patient acuity, investigations, interventions and communication.

    Stated by University Hospitals Sussex NHS Foundation TrustStated completedThe respondent said that this action was complete when they made their response on 24 May 2019.

Source evidence

How this individual concern was interpreted

PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below. Response links show a clear evidence connection; they do not assign responsibility.

PFD Monitor interpretation

Failure to check disconnected epidurals in response to increasing pain

Wider context from the report

“(3) Immediately post operatively Mr. Whittington’s epidural became disconnected. He complained of increasing pain over the ensuing night and in spite of this nobody, not even the most senior Nurses, ever checked his epidural! It was not until some hours later in the early morning that the cause for his increasing pain was ascertained. At that stage his pain control was optimised however, this is not a situation which should have occurred. During his period of increased pain he developed a pneumonia. ”

Is this part of a recurring concern?

Yes — Failure to provide timely and adequate pain relief.

Open source report

Source evidence

How this individual concern was interpreted

PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below. Response links show a clear evidence connection; they do not assign responsibility.

PFD Monitor interpretation

Failure of the postoperative pathway to provide safe urinary catheter removal guidance

Wider context from the report

“(4) Following the operation Mr. Whittington’s last contact with his Consultant was immediately post operatively. Due to the system operated at the Royal Sussex County Hospital (along with many other hospitals as I understand it) the situation is that the operative surgeon will not see the patient again unless there is some specific reason to do so. Instead the patient will be seen by the on call surgical team for that particular day or part of the day. Mr. Whittington therefore saw a Consultant who did not know him and who did not understand either the condition that Mr. Whittington had come in to hospital with (Colovesical Fistula) or the fact that he needed an operation which had included a bladder repair as I have already pointed out (2 above). The surgeon wanted the urinary catheter to remain in situ for at least two weeks to allow the bladder repair that had been made at Mr. Whittington’s operation to heal. This was absolutely crucial and yet no specific instructions were given and the post-operative pathway which was being followed gave very little help in that respect either, save to suggest that the catheter should always be removed early, well prior to discharge. Had there been post-operative instructions and had there been a checklist for the Consultant picking up the ward rounds following the operation, the catheter would not have been removed and Mr. Whittington would not have died. If the Trust is insistent on perpetuating this lack of continuity between the Surgeon and the post-operative Consultant care there must be sufficient handover and sufficient clear instructions from the Surgeon doing the operation as to the post-operative care so as to protect the patient. ”

Is this part of a recurring concern?

Yes — Unreliable management of urinary catheters.

Open source report

Source evidence

How this individual concern was interpreted

PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below. Response links show a clear evidence connection; they do not assign responsibility.

PFD Monitor interpretation

Lack of postoperative urinary catheter management instructions

Wider context from the report

“(2) Most importantly post operation ‘paperwork’ contained no instructions regarding the management of his urinary catheter or how long it was to remain in situ. ████████ said that he had expected to be in place for at least two weeks post operatively and very likely longer because at the operation he had had to make a bladder repair and therefore did not want to remove the urinary catheter until such time as the bladder had healed. Had he made this requirement clear I have no doubt that this matter would not have come to Inquest. ”

Is this part of a recurring concern?

Yes — Unreliable management of urinary catheters.

Open source report

Source evidence

How this individual concern was interpreted

PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below. Response links show a clear evidence connection; they do not assign responsibility.

PFD Monitor interpretation

Unnecessary Junior Doctor attendance requirement delaying operations

Wider context from the report

“(1) Mr. Whittington’s initial operation was abandoned because on his pre operation assessment on the 23rd March 2018 there was no Junior Doctor present. It became apparent that the presence of a Junior Doctor was not imperative by any means. I gather that since this situation occurred and caused a delay in Mr. Whittington’s operation the presence of a Junior Doctor in these circumstances is really no longer required. Although the delay neither caused nor contributed to Mr. Whittington’s death it must nonetheless have caused him considerable anxiety and inconvenience. ”

Is this part of a recurring concern?

Yes — Unreliable pre-operative assessment arrangements delaying or compromising surgery.

Open source report

Source evidence

How this individual concern was interpreted

PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below. Response links show a clear evidence connection; they do not assign responsibility.

PFD Monitor interpretation

Incomplete discharge documentation for handover to doctors

Wider context from the report

“(6) Mr. Whittington was due to be discharged on the 4th May. His discharge documentation which acts as a handover for his Doctors was barely completed and this lack of completion is unacceptable. ”

Is this part of a recurring concern?

Yes — Unreliable hospital discharge documentation; Unreliable hospital discharge processes.

Open source report

Source evidence

How this individual concern was interpreted

PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below. Response links show a clear evidence connection; they do not assign responsibility.

PFD Monitor interpretation

Lack of continuity between operating surgeons and postoperative consultants

Wider context from the report

“(4) Following the operation Mr. Whittington’s last contact with his Consultant was immediately post operatively. Due to the system operated at the Royal Sussex County Hospital (along with many other hospitals as I understand it) the situation is that the operative surgeon will not see the patient again unless there is some specific reason to do so. Instead the patient will be seen by the on call surgical team for that particular day or part of the day. Mr. Whittington therefore saw a Consultant who did not know him and who did not understand either the condition that Mr. Whittington had come in to hospital with (Colovesical Fistula) or the fact that he needed an operation which had included a bladder repair as I have already pointed out (2 above). The surgeon wanted the urinary catheter to remain in situ for at least two weeks to allow the bladder repair that had been made at Mr. Whittington’s operation to heal. This was absolutely crucial and yet no specific instructions were given and the post-operative pathway which was being followed gave very little help in that respect either, save to suggest that the catheter should always be removed early, well prior to discharge. Had there been post-operative instructions and had there been a checklist for the Consultant picking up the ward rounds following the operation, the catheter would not have been removed and Mr. Whittington would not have died. If the Trust is insistent on perpetuating this lack of continuity between the Surgeon and the post-operative Consultant care there must be sufficient handover and sufficient clear instructions from the Surgeon doing the operation as to the post-operative care so as to protect the patient. ”

Is this part of a recurring concern?

Yes — Failure to provide continuity of patient care.

Open source report

Source evidence

How this individual concern was interpreted

PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below. Response links show a clear evidence connection; they do not assign responsibility.

PFD Monitor interpretation

Failure to deliver prescribed blood transfusions as scheduled

Wider context from the report

“(5) On the 2nd May Mr Whittington’s haemoglobin was low. Mr. Whittington needed and was written up to receive two units of blood on the 2nd May. In fact he received one unit on the 3rd May. There is absolutely no rationale for what happened or exploration thereof. This is unsatisfactory ”

Is this part of a recurring concern?

Yes — Failure to provide required blood products promptly for transfusion.

Open source report

Source evidence

How this respondent action was interpreted

PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

PFD Monitor interpretation

Use documentation audits to review discharge-documentation quality.

Verbatim wording from the response

“Discharge documentation was poor in Mr Whittington’s records; we have now appointed a discharge facilitator to work with the Level 9A staff and to assist with patient discharges and in turn with the documentation of discharge planning. We have also revised the two band 7 nurse roles on the ward so one of these nurses is in their role will focus on discharges (and admissions) and make sure the discharge planning is on track and the accompanying discharge paperwork is complete. The discharge planner template is being revised to make it clearer and easier to use and record the key information. The documentation audits will review the quality of discharge documentation.”

Source location

2019-0049-Response-by-Brighton-and-Sussex-University-Hospitals-NHS-Trust
Page 3 · response
Published 24 May 2019

Open published response

Source evidence

How this respondent action was interpreted

PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

PFD Monitor interpretation

Revise the Enhanced Recovery Programme booklet to include post-operative urinary-catheter management guidance.

Verbatim wording from the response

“In addition, the Division of Surgery have reviewed the Enhanced Recovery Programme booklet and have amended this to include a section on the management of post operative urinary catheters. An order for the amended booklets has been placed with the printers. When the new booklets have been printed we will roll these out for use.”

Source location

2019-0049-Response-by-Brighton-and-Sussex-University-Hospitals-NHS-Trust
Page 2 · response
Published 24 May 2019

Open published response

Source evidence

How this respondent action was interpreted

PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

PFD Monitor interpretation

Run mandatory daily morning Board Rounds across all wards and specialties to coordinate patient acuity, investigations, interventions and communication.

Verbatim wording from the response

“We do operate a system of a consultant surgeon being the consultant for the week, this allows us to ensure our patients are seen by a consultant each day. To improve continuity of care and ensure the team are aware of each patient on the ward, on 25 February 2019 we introduced mandatory Board Rounds to take place in the morning, before the ward rounds, on all wards and in all specialities to facilitate improved communication between ward teams (doctors, nurses and allied health professionals). The principles of the Board Round are to confirm the patient acuity (how unwell they are), have they had any test results which require review, do they need any tests to progress their care, what interventions/actions need to be taken and when e.g. removal of catheter. The meeting occurs every morning.”

Source location

2019-0049-Response-by-Brighton-and-Sussex-University-Hospitals-NHS-Trust
Page 2 · response
Published 24 May 2019

Open published response

Source evidence

How this respondent action was interpreted

PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

PFD Monitor interpretation

Print and roll out the amended Enhanced Recovery Programme booklets for use.

Verbatim wording from the response

“In addition, the Division of Surgery have reviewed the Enhanced Recovery Programme booklet and have amended this to include a section on the management of post operative urinary catheters. An order for the amended booklets has been placed with the printers. When the new booklets have been printed we will roll these out for use.”

Source location

2019-0049-Response-by-Brighton-and-Sussex-University-Hospitals-NHS-Trust
Page 2 · response
Published 24 May 2019

Open published response

Source evidence

How this respondent action was interpreted

PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

PFD Monitor interpretation

Require documented medical instructions before nursing staff remove urinary catheters on surgical wards.

Verbatim wording from the response

“Our practice has changed and Nursing staff no longer remove urinary catheters on the Surgical wards, without clear documented instruction in the records from the doctors to do so.”

Source location

2019-0049-Response-by-Brighton-and-Sussex-University-Hospitals-NHS-Trust
Page 2 · response
Published 24 May 2019

Open published response

Source evidence

How this respondent action was interpreted

PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

PFD Monitor interpretation

Develop a nurse-led pre-operative assessment model and continue work to improve identification and escalation of abnormal blood results.

Verbatim wording from the response

“There was no junior doctor present at the pre operative assessment appointment to see Mr Whittington. This resulted in his atypical antibodies not being identified and therefore the surgery did not take place on the original date planned. For this I apologise. A General Medical Council (GMC) and Health Education England Kent Surrey and Sussex (HEEKSS) Deanery review of the Digestive Diseases Directorate in the Trust was undertaken. This review was critical of our use of junior doctors in pre-operative assessment processes and they recommended that these tasks should be nurse delivered as is the case in most NHS Trusts now. A Working Group was convened to change the pre operative assessment process and a new model is being developed. Nursing Staff are responsible for flagging pre operative abnormal blood test results. Mr Threfall is in contact with the Pre Operative”

Source location

2019-0049-Response-by-Brighton-and-Sussex-University-Hospitals-NHS-Trust
Page 1 · response
Published 24 May 2019

Open published response

Source evidence

How this respondent action was interpreted

PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

PFD Monitor interpretation

Add a pre-printed urinary-catheter prompt to daily ward-round sheets.

Verbatim wording from the response

“To strengthen awareness and recording, the daily ward round sheets now include a pre printed prompt on urinary catheters. An audit is underway of documentation in surgery measured against National Guidelines. ████████ is leading on this audit.”

Source location

2019-0049-Response-by-Brighton-and-Sussex-University-Hospitals-NHS-Trust
Page 2 · response
Published 24 May 2019

Open published response

Source evidence

How this respondent action was interpreted

PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

PFD Monitor interpretation

Revise the discharge-planner template to clarify recording of key information.

Verbatim wording from the response

“Discharge documentation was poor in Mr Whittington’s records; we have now appointed a discharge facilitator to work with the Level 9A staff and to assist with patient discharges and in turn with the documentation of discharge planning. We have also revised the two band 7 nurse roles on the ward so one of these nurses is in their role will focus on discharges (and admissions) and make sure the discharge planning is on track and the accompanying discharge paperwork is complete. The discharge planner template is being revised to make it clearer and easier to use and record the key information. The documentation audits will review the quality of discharge documentation.”

Source location

2019-0049-Response-by-Brighton-and-Sussex-University-Hospitals-NHS-Trust
Page 3 · response
Published 24 May 2019

Open published response

Source evidence

How this respondent action was interpreted

PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

PFD Monitor interpretation

Revise the Trust Epidural Policy with clear guidance on disconnected and failed epidurals, including epidural failure.

Verbatim wording from the response

“Wendy Caddye, Nurse Consultant for Pain Management, has reviewed and revised the Trust’s Epidural Policy to provide robust and clear guidance for all staff on the management of disconnected and failed epidurals. A section has been added to the policy titled epidural failure. To supplement this, all Level 9A nurses have attended, or are in the process of booking to attend, an Acute Pain Study Day which includes specific training on epidural management. All nurses in charge of a shift on the ward are fully epidural trained.”

Source location

2019-0049-Response-by-Brighton-and-Sussex-University-Hospitals-NHS-Trust
Page 2 · response
Published 24 May 2019

Open published response

Source evidence

How this respondent action was interpreted

PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

PFD Monitor interpretation

Provide Acute Pain Study Day epidural-management training to Level 9A nurses and ensure shift-leading nurses are epidural trained.

Verbatim wording from the response

“Wendy Caddye, Nurse Consultant for Pain Management, has reviewed and revised the Trust’s Epidural Policy to provide robust and clear guidance for all staff on the management of disconnected and failed epidurals. A section has been added to the policy titled epidural failure. To supplement this, all Level 9A nurses have attended, or are in the process of booking to attend, an Acute Pain Study Day which includes specific training on epidural management. All nurses in charge of a shift on the ward are fully epidural trained.”

Source location

2019-0049-Response-by-Brighton-and-Sussex-University-Hospitals-NHS-Trust
Page 2 · response
Published 24 May 2019

Open published response

Source evidence

How this respondent action was interpreted

PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

PFD Monitor interpretation

Appoint a discharge facilitator and refocus a band 7 nursing role on admissions, discharges and complete discharge-planning documentation.

Verbatim wording from the response

“Discharge documentation was poor in Mr Whittington’s records; we have now appointed a discharge facilitator to work with the Level 9A staff and to assist with patient discharges and in turn with the documentation of discharge planning. We have also revised the two band 7 nurse roles on the ward so one of these nurses is in their role will focus on discharges (and admissions) and make sure the discharge planning is on track and the accompanying discharge paperwork is complete. The discharge planner template is being revised to make it clearer and easier to use and record the key information. The documentation audits will review the quality of discharge documentation.”

Source location

2019-0049-Response-by-Brighton-and-Sussex-University-Hospitals-NHS-Trust
Page 3 · response
Published 24 May 2019

Open published response

Other statements in published responses

These actions and other statements could not be clearly connected to one concern in this report.

Recipient-stated actions An action is something a recipient says it has done, is doing, or plans to do in response to a concern raised.5

  1. 1

    Share inquest learning through Trust-wide dissemination, safety and governance meetings, and reinforce accountability for resulting system changes.

    Stated by University Hospitals Sussex NHS Foundation TrustStated completedThe respondent said that this action was complete when they made their response on 24 May 2019.
  2. 2

    Audit surgical documentation against National Guidelines.

    Stated by University Hospitals Sussex NHS Foundation TrustStated in progressThe respondent said that this action was in progress when they made their response on 24 May 2019.
  3. 3

    Implement electronic Bluespier recording of general surgical operations, including mandated operation-note fields and post-operative instructions.

    Stated by University Hospitals Sussex NHS Foundation TrustStated in progressThe respondent said that this action was in progress when they made their response on 24 May 2019.
  4. 4

    Audit the quality of Level 9A nursing documentation and share results with the Division of Surgery Clinical Governance meeting.

    Stated by University Hospitals Sussex NHS Foundation TrustStated in progressThe respondent said that this action was in progress when they made their response on 24 May 2019.
  5. 5

    Reinforce clear record-keeping requirements through Ward Huddles and Clinical Governance meetings.

    Stated by University Hospitals Sussex NHS Foundation TrustStated completedThe respondent said that this action was complete when they made their response on 24 May 2019.

Source evidence

How this respondent action was interpreted

PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

PFD Monitor interpretation

Share inquest learning through Trust-wide dissemination, safety and governance meetings, and reinforce accountability for resulting system changes.

Verbatim wording from the response

“The findings from the inquest have been shared widely within the Trust and have been discussed at the Safety Huddle attended by the Medical Director and Nursing Director, the Serious Incident Review Group meeting and the Division of Surgery’s governance meetings. This has ensured senior ownership to review the systems and processes in place, make the necessary changes, and ensure the learning is filtered through to all levels of staffing within the Trust.”

Source location

2019-0049-Response-by-Brighton-and-Sussex-University-Hospitals-NHS-Trust
Page 1 · response
Published 24 May 2019

Open published response

Source evidence

How this respondent action was interpreted

PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

PFD Monitor interpretation

Audit surgical documentation against National Guidelines.

Verbatim wording from the response

“To strengthen awareness and recording, the daily ward round sheets now include a pre printed prompt on urinary catheters. An audit is underway of documentation in surgery measured against National Guidelines. ████████ is leading on this audit.”

Source location

2019-0049-Response-by-Brighton-and-Sussex-University-Hospitals-NHS-Trust
Page 2 · response
Published 24 May 2019

Open published response

Source evidence

How this respondent action was interpreted

PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

PFD Monitor interpretation

Implement electronic Bluespier recording of general surgical operations, including mandated operation-note fields and post-operative instructions.

Verbatim wording from the response

“The documentation in Mr Whittington’s records was not to the level we would expect. As a result, ████████ has led on a piece of work to ensure the general surgeons will use an electronic system (Bluespier) for recording operations. The sections of the operation note mandated by the Royal College of Surgeons can be easily filled in on the computer to generate a typed operation note in clear, legible print. A section for post-operative instructions is included on Bluespier. This means the operation note and post operative instructions are recorded electronically making it easier for all staff to access and read. This can be printed and added to the paper records.”

Source location

2019-0049-Response-by-Brighton-and-Sussex-University-Hospitals-NHS-Trust
Page 2 · response
Published 24 May 2019

Open published response

Source evidence

How this respondent action was interpreted

PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

PFD Monitor interpretation

Audit the quality of Level 9A nursing documentation and share results with the Division of Surgery Clinical Governance meeting.

Verbatim wording from the response

“The Senior Nurses are also conducting an audit to focus on the quality of the Level 9A nursing documentation, these results will be shared with the Clinical Governance meeting in the Division of Surgery for action as necessary dependent on the results.”

Source location

2019-0049-Response-by-Brighton-and-Sussex-University-Hospitals-NHS-Trust
Page 2 · response
Published 24 May 2019

Open published response

Source evidence

How this respondent action was interpreted

PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

PFD Monitor interpretation

Reinforce clear record-keeping requirements through Ward Huddles and Clinical Governance meetings.

Verbatim wording from the response

“Actions are recorded on an Electronic Whiteboard and are followed up by the Nurse in Charge that day. Feedback from staff about the daily Board Rounds indicates that this has facilitated improved communication between all healthcare professionals at all levels on Level 9A. The surgical team also have a 4pm review meeting each day. The purpose of the meeting is to review and complete any outstanding actions and prepare a clear and thorough handover for the surgical team covering the night shift. The rationale for any changes in the plan will then be documented in the patient’s records. I agree, the documentation in Mr Whittington’s case”

Source location

2019-0049-Response-by-Brighton-and-Sussex-University-Hospitals-NHS-Trust
Page 2 · response
Published 24 May 2019

Open published response
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