Recurring concern

Failure to reliably locate people at immediate risk of suicide or self-harm

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First reported 17 Oct 2014•Latest report 8 Aug 2025

Definition

What this concern includes

Includes failures of dedicated arrangements to establish the whereabouts of, contact, locate or obtain protective assistance for people at immediate risk of suicide or self-harm, including crisis-text-service and mental-health-service processes, police-location agreements, escalation routes and cross-service coordination where these directly affect prompt location and protection.

Not included

  • Excludes generic missing-person, patient-contact or welfare-check failures where immediate suicide or self-harm risk is not a material part of the asserted concern.
  • Excludes general mental-health service access, treatment, follow-up or crisis-response deficiencies where locating the person is not the unsafe condition.
  • Excludes ordinary delays in emergency-service attendance after the person has been located, unless the delay is part of a deficient location-and-protection arrangement.
  • Excludes failures to provide protective measures or treatment after the person has been located when the location process itself operated reliably.
  • Excludes the existing broader concern concerning failure to locate patients requiring assessment when the assertion lacks the specific immediate suicide or self-harm-risk qualifier.
Reports
3

Distinct published reports

Individual concerns
3

A report can raise multiple concerns

Date range
2014–2025

First to latest report issue date

Stated actions
7

Described in published responses

Reports over time

Reports over time

Reports about this concern issued each year.

* 2026 is projected from reports observed to 7 Sep 2026.

Most frequent recipients

Most frequent recipients

Reports about this concern sent to each recipient.

Betsi Cadwaladr University LHB1
Black Country Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust1
Department of Health and Social Care1
NHS England1
NHS Greater Manchester Integrated Care Board1
Wrexham County Borough Council1

Concerns and responses across reports

Only concerns grouped under this recurring concern are included. Select any concern, action or position to view the source wording.

  1. Manchester North

    AI-generated summary

    Jessica Lynda Smithson · Prevention of Future Deaths report

    This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.

    Report summary

    Jessica Lynda Smithson, aged 27, died by suicide after contacting a crisis text mental health service following an alleged serious sexual assault. The service did not contact the Metropolitan Police despite messages indicating an immediate risk to her life. The report identified concerns about inconsistent procedures among charity crisis text services and the absence of a commissioned crisis text mental health service in Greater Manchester.

    Read the report on judiciary.uk

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Unavailability of arrangements for locating people at immediate risk across all charity crisis text services

    Wider context from the report

    “(b) At present this gap in a health-related service is being filled by charity organisations who have different policies and processes regarding actions to be taken if a person is at immediate risk of suicide. The charities are not under the Department of Health so there is no standard policy or procedure for them to follow if there is a real and immediate risk to a service user’s life. Hence there is a lack of consistency as to the support an individual can receive when there is an immediate risk to their life, for example whilst the charity involved in this case have an agreement with the Metropolitan Police Service to help locate someone whose whereabouts are unknown, this is not the case for all charities. In addition, as they are not linked into local NHS Trusts, they have limited ability to understand local mental health NHS pathways or to offer a more co-ordinated response where someone is already under local mental health services. ”

    Source location

    Jessica Lynda Smithson · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 2 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Implement a phased, locally delivered crisis-text service integrated with the Greater Manchester 111 mental-health crisis line.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “NHS GM alongside the mental health trusts have considered options for the provision of crisis text services and are currently considering our preferred model through our Greater Manchester Mental Health Clinical Effectiveness Group (CEG) as our established clinical governance route. Our preferred model is for a text service to be incorporated into the Greater Manchester 111 Mental Health crisis line service so that texts are handled by Greater Manchester Mental Health First Responders based within the team.”

    Source location

    Response from Greater Manchester Integrated Care
    Page 2 · response
    Published 13 August 2025

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Review the interface between the crisis-text service and Greater Manchester Police during service scoping and mobilisation.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “For additional information, NHS GM has commissioned SHOUT (Shout is a free, confidential, 24/7 text messaging service for anyone who is struggling to cope) previously and took the decision to discontinue after one year in 2020/21 based on an evaluation by Health Innovation Manchester and negative service user feedback online. This was also done in the context that the universal offer commissioned by NHSE was in place so at this time NHS Greater Manchester does not currently commission a text crisis service. In this instance, Jessica accessed SHOUT, commissioned by NHSE. The interface between SHOUT and Greater Manchester Police should be considered within any commissioning arrangements between NHSE and the provider.”

    Source location

    Response from Greater Manchester Integrated Care
    Page 2 · response
    Published 13 August 2025

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent position was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    The non-NHS charity’s service delivery and clinical governance arrangements fall outside the respondent’s ability to comment on.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “We would suggest the Coroner’s Office approaches the charity directly for further information about the support provided, if required. As this is a non-NHS provider, we are unable to comment on their service delivery arrangements or clinical governance processes.”

    Source location

    Response from NHS England
    Page 1 · response
    Published 13 August 2025

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent position was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    NHSE and its provider should address the crisis text service's interface with Greater Manchester Police through their commissioning arrangements.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “For additional information, NHS GM has commissioned SHOUT (Shout is a free, confidential, 24/7 text messaging service for anyone who is struggling to cope) previously and took the decision to discontinue after one year in 2020/21 based on an evaluation by Health Innovation Manchester and negative service user feedback online. This was also done in the context that the universal offer commissioned by NHSE was in place so at this time NHS Greater Manchester does not currently commission a text crisis service. In this instance, Jessica accessed SHOUT, commissioned by NHSE. The interface between SHOUT and Greater Manchester Police should be considered within any commissioning arrangements between NHSE and the provider.”

    Source location

    Response from Greater Manchester Integrated Care
    Page 2 · response
    Published 13 August 2025

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent position was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Independent charitable organisations providing crisis text services are outside Government and NHS control.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “I hope you will understand that charitable organisations providing crisis text services are independent of both Government and the NHS.”

    Source location

    Response from Department for Health and Social Care
    Page 2 · response
    Published 13 August 2025

    Open published response
  2. North Wales (East and Central)

    AI-generated summary

    Hannah Elizabeth Browning · Prevention of Future Deaths report

    This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.

    Report summary

    Hannah Elizabeth Browning, who was receiving treatment for mental health issues and had a history of self-harm and suicidal thoughts, expressed an intention to end her life on 10 October 2018. She subsequently placed a ligature around her neck and sustained a hypoxic brain injury, dying at Wrexham Maelor Hospital on 12 October 2018. The principal concern was that inadequate arrangements and insufficient efforts were made by Mental Health Services to protect her and contact her after she indicated an immediate risk of harm.

    Read the report on judiciary.uk

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Failure to make every possible effort to contact people under mental health care after credible indications of an immediate risk of harm

    Wider context from the report

    “That despite giving an indication of an immediate and fixed plan to harm herself, which she then acted upon, the Mental Health Services made inadequate arrangements to protect her and made no attempt to contact her to either seek to ensure her safety or to advise her of the intention to review her case at an MDT five days later and to reinforce the interim options available to her in crisis. Despite hearing evidence at the inquest of the steps taken by BCUHB and WCBC (who act in partnership for the provision of Mental Health Services) to improve the service, I was not provided with any assurances as to measures which had or could be taken to ensure that every possible effort is made to contact a person under their care, who has communicated a credible indication of an immediate risk of harm to themselves. ”

    Source location

    Hannah Elizabeth Browning · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 1 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Develop a social work checklist guiding risk assessment, escalation, communication, recording and crisis planning for mental health and duty cases.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “Actions to Date – development of a checklist. (Please see Checklist attached as Appendix 1)”

    Source location

    2021-0106-Response-from-Wrexham-County-Borough-Council
    Page 1 · response
    Published 14 April 2021

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Disseminate the checklist and safety-huddle procedures to Community Mental Health Team social work staff.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “All of the above actions have been shared with the Community Mental Health Team Social work team manager who has disseminated these to all social work staff within the team. In addition to the above actions the below actions are planned over the time period identified below.”

    Source location

    2021-0106-Response-from-Wrexham-County-Borough-Council
    Page 3 · response
    Published 14 April 2021

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Develop Local Authority mental health, escalation, risk-management, pathway, and reporting and recording policies and procedures, including crisis planning.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “Actions Planned for development over the next 6-9 months include:”

    Source location

    2021-0106-Response-from-Wrexham-County-Borough-Council
    Page 3 · response
    Published 14 April 2021

    Open published response
  3. Black Country

    AI-generated summary

    Kirsty Lisa Pritchard · Prevention of Future Deaths report

    This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.

    Report summary

    Kirsty Lisa Pritchard had complex medical needs and a history of self-harm and suicidal ideation. After being discharged from hospital, she contacted the community team several times reporting thoughts of self-harm and suicide; she was later found deceased at home, hanging with a belt around her neck, and was pronounced deceased at 14:15 on 20 January 2013. The report raised concerns about delayed communication of worsening symptoms and risk to the responsible consultant, and deficiencies in systems for contacting and locating her after an immediate risk was reported.

    Read the report on judiciary.uk

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Deficiencies in systems for promptly contacting and locating patients at immediate risk of self harm

    Wider context from the report

    “(3) In addition, I am concerned that there were deficiencies in the systems in place for contacting and finding the patient. In this case the patient had contacted the CHTT with a real and immediate risk of self harm and it took over 5 hours to find her despite the fact that the Police managed to locate her very quickly when they were subsequently contacted. ”

    Source location

    Kirsty Lisa Pritchard · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 2 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Generate a start-of-shift list of patients referred to A&E and follow up attendance, taking further action where required.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “Ms Pritchard was advised to attend A&E on 16 January 2013 having contacted CHITT, however there is no evidence that she presented herself at A&E on that occasion. Action has now been taken to ensure that at the start of each shift the CHITT team leader generates a list of all patients referred to A&E so that these can be followed up to ascertain if the patients did attend. This ensures that further action is taken if required. (the protocol for cold calls will be followed if non-attendance is established – see further explanation below).”

    Source location

    2014-0565-Response-by-Black-County-NHS-Trust_Redacted
    Page 2 · response
    Published 17 October 2014

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Develop and apply a protocol requiring timely cold calls and police safe-and-well checks when immediate-risk service users cannot be contacted or located.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “In response to the concerns raised regarding the timescale for this response, a protocol has now been developed to address these issues. Where a service user is assessed to be in immediate risk of harm or death, and if telephone contact cannot be established with the service user within 30 minutes the CHITT are to carry out a cold call of the service user’s home address/ last known location within 1 hour. If CHITT are unable to gain access or locate the service user they are to contact the police to conduct a ‘safe and well’ check.”

    Source location

    2014-0565-Response-by-Black-County-NHS-Trust_Redacted
    Page 3 · response
    Published 17 October 2014

    Open published response
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Data last updated 7 September 2026