23 Apr 2025 Christopher Brazil · Prevention of Future Deaths report Ceredigion
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Concerns raised 1
Unregulated and unlawful online sale of prescription-only medicines and controlled drugs View source
This report raised 6 other concerns. They are not shown here because they do not form part of this recurring concern.
Linked responses
Department for Science, Innovation and Technology Department of Health and Social Care
Stated actions An action is something a respondent says it has done, is doing, or plans to do in response to the concern raised. 9
Department of Health and Social Care
Enhance collaboration with search engines and UK internet service providers to block harmful content through targeted filtering.
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Department of Health and Social Care
Collaborate with Ofcom to explore preventative opportunities under the Online Safety Act.
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Department of Health and Social Care
Increase collaboration with UK Border Force to expand border operations and increase seizures of illegally trafficked medicines.
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Department of Health and Social Care
Use technology to identify, track and seize proceeds of crime, including cryptocurrency.
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Department of Health and Social Care
Roll out an online service enabling users to check whether pharmaceutical-selling websites have been deemed fraudulent by the MHRA.
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Department of Health and Social Care
Implement a web-based scheme allowing users to report suspicious websites, marketplaces and social media listings to the MHRA.
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Department of Health and Social Care
Collaborate with UK banking and payment providers to disrupt payment mechanisms used by illegal prescription-medicine suppliers.
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Department of Health and Social Care
Use artificial intelligence to proactively identify illicit internet domains for enforcement action.
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Department for Science, Innovation and Technology
Work with Ofcom to implement the Online Safety Act quickly and effectively.
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Christopher Brazil · Prevention of Future Deaths report
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Report summary
Christopher Brazil had physical pain, sciatica and poor mental health, and sourced additional medicines and drugs from unlawful online providers. He died in August 2022 after unintentionally overdosing on benzodiazepines. The concerns included the accessibility and legitimacy of unregulated websites, unsafe or counterfeit medicines, inadequate checks of medical history, dosage guidance, safeguards, age and identity verification, and rapid delivery.
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How this individual concern was interpreted PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.
PFD Monitor interpretation Unregulated and unlawful online sale of prescription-only medicines and controlled drugs
Wider context from the report “(1) There are unregulated and unlawful websites offering prescription only medicines and controlled drugs , which look legitimate and are found easily from simple online searches ; and these sites give rise to the following points (2) to (6)
(2) Vulnerable and susceptible people are exposed to counterfeit or unsafe medications
(3) There are insufficient or no measures to verify patient medical history before selling the medication and drugs
(4) There is a lack of guidance regarding dosage
(5) There are a lack of safeguards to prevent incorrect self-diagnoses or misuse by consumers
(6) There is inadequate age and identity verification, potentially allowing minors to access restricted medicines and drugs
(7) The fact that it is possible for unlawful and unethical online pharmaceutical providers to operate and deliver to the buyer within 24 hours means that these illegal websites may be more appealing to some than lawful sources.
” Source location Christopher Brazil · Prevention of Future Deaths report Page 2 · concerns
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Source evidence
How this respondent action was interpreted
PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.
PFD Monitor interpretation Enhance collaboration with search engines and UK internet service providers to block harmful content through targeted filtering.
Verbatim wording from the response “Through a combination of public empowerment, technological innovation, traditional methods of law enforcement and close collaboration with partners, the MHRA is constantly working to develop new and innovative ways to tackle the online trade in illegal medicines. Some of these future criminal countermeasures will include:”
Source location Response from DHSC Page 3 · response Published 25 April 2025
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How this respondent action was interpreted
PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.
PFD Monitor interpretation Collaborate with Ofcom to explore preventative opportunities under the Online Safety Act.
Verbatim wording from the response “Through a combination of public empowerment, technological innovation, traditional methods of law enforcement and close collaboration with partners, the MHRA is constantly working to develop new and innovative ways to tackle the online trade in illegal medicines. Some of these future criminal countermeasures will include:”
Source location Response from DHSC Page 3 · response Published 25 April 2025
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How this respondent action was interpreted
PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.
PFD Monitor interpretation Increase collaboration with UK Border Force to expand border operations and increase seizures of illegally trafficked medicines.
Verbatim wording from the response “Through a combination of public empowerment, technological innovation, traditional methods of law enforcement and close collaboration with partners, the MHRA is constantly working to develop new and innovative ways to tackle the online trade in illegal medicines. Some of these future criminal countermeasures will include:”
Source location Response from DHSC Page 3 · response Published 25 April 2025
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How this respondent action was interpreted
PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.
PFD Monitor interpretation Use technology to identify, track and seize proceeds of crime, including cryptocurrency.
Verbatim wording from the response “Through a combination of public empowerment, technological innovation, traditional methods of law enforcement and close collaboration with partners, the MHRA is constantly working to develop new and innovative ways to tackle the online trade in illegal medicines. Some of these future criminal countermeasures will include:”
Source location Response from DHSC Page 3 · response Published 25 April 2025
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How this respondent action was interpreted
PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.
PFD Monitor interpretation Roll out an online service enabling users to check whether pharmaceutical-selling websites have been deemed fraudulent by the MHRA.
Verbatim wording from the response “Through a combination of public empowerment, technological innovation, traditional methods of law enforcement and close collaboration with partners, the MHRA is constantly working to develop new and innovative ways to tackle the online trade in illegal medicines. Some of these future criminal countermeasures will include:”
Source location Response from DHSC Page 3 · response Published 25 April 2025
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How this respondent action was interpreted
PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.
PFD Monitor interpretation Implement a web-based scheme allowing users to report suspicious websites, marketplaces and social media listings to the MHRA.
Verbatim wording from the response “• Implementation of a web-based reporting scheme allowing users to report suspicious websites, online marketplaces and social media listings to the MHRA.”
Source location Response from DHSC Page 4 · response Published 25 April 2025
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How this respondent action was interpreted
PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.
PFD Monitor interpretation Collaborate with UK banking and payment providers to disrupt payment mechanisms used by illegal prescription-medicine suppliers.
Verbatim wording from the response “• Collaboration with UK banking and payment providers to disrupt the payment mechanisms used by websites illegally supplying prescription only medicines.”
Source location Response from DHSC Page 4 · response Published 25 April 2025
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How this respondent action was interpreted
PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.
PFD Monitor interpretation Use artificial intelligence to proactively identify illicit internet domains for enforcement action.
Verbatim wording from the response “• The use of Artificial Intelligence to proactively identify illicit internet domains for enforcement action.”
Source location Response from DHSC Page 4 · response Published 25 April 2025
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How this respondent action was interpreted
PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.
PFD Monitor interpretation Work with Ofcom to implement the Online Safety Act quickly and effectively.
Verbatim wording from the response “The government recognises that the internet can sometimes be a gateway to content which can lead to devastating consequences. As the Secretary of State for Science, Innovation and Technology, I am responsible for the Online Safety Act (the ‘Act’) which received Royal Assent in 2023. The Act lays the foundation for strong protections against illegal content for all users, and the government is committed to working with Ofcom, the independent regulator, to ensure it is implemented quickly and effectively. The new laws apply to search services and all companies that allow users to post content online or to interact with each other. This includes a broad range of websites, apps and other services, including social media services, consumer cloud storage sites, video sharing platforms, online forums, dating services, and online instant messaging services.”
Source location Response from DSIT Page 1 · response Published 25 April 2025
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How this respondent position was interpreted
PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.
PFD Monitor interpretation The GPhC, other professional regulators, CQC and MHRA have responsibility and powers to investigate unlawful online providers and take enforcement action.
Verbatim wording from the response “In a situation where an online provider acts unlawfully, the General Pharmaceutical Council (GPhC) and other professional regulators, Care Quality Commission (CQC) and the Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (MHRA) have the powers to investigate and take action against prescribers, products and suppliers who do not comply with legislation and national guidance. I would like to assure you that regulators have my full support to crack down on any services putting people in danger.”
Source location Response from DHSC Page 2 · response Published 25 April 2025
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How this respondent position was interpreted
PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.
PFD Monitor interpretation UK authorities cannot seize or control illicit overseas domains or compel registrars to suspend them, especially beyond UK jurisdiction.
Verbatim wording from the response “The sale and supply of unregulated medicinal products is a global problem. Online portals play a significant role in transnational medicines crime and many websites proliferate across the internet. Currently, there is no legal mechanism for UK law enforcement to seize or control of illicit overseas domains or compel internet registrars to suspend them. Gaining regulatory compliance can be a difficult and sometimes impossible process, especially when domains are registered beyond the reach of UK jurisdiction.”
Source location Response from DHSC Page 3 · response Published 25 April 2025
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How this respondent position was interpreted
PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.
PFD Monitor interpretation Regulation of medicines and devices, including unlawful prescription-medicine websites, is largely outside the department’s remit.
Verbatim wording from the response “In your letter, you raise concerns around unregulated and unlawful websites offering prescription only medicines and controlled drugs. These matters of concern are largely within the remit of the Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (MHRA), given their responsibility for the regulation of medicines and devices in the UK. I understand that they are responding to you separately outlining their approach. Additionally, MHRA have informed my department that they have already taken enforcement action on both websites referenced in your report and are seeking to stop UK users being able to access such sites. One of the websites is subsequently offline, and the other is in the process of being taken offline to protect the public from the illegal sale of medicines.”
Source location Response from DSIT Page 1 · response Published 25 April 2025
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How this respondent position was interpreted
PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.
PFD Monitor interpretation The MHRA is responsible for addressing the unlawful websites and will respond separately about its approach.
Verbatim wording from the response “In your letter, you raise concerns around unregulated and unlawful websites offering prescription only medicines and controlled drugs. These matters of concern are largely within the remit of the Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (MHRA), given their responsibility for the regulation of medicines and devices in the UK. I understand that they are responding to you separately outlining their approach. Additionally, MHRA have informed my department that they have already taken enforcement action on both websites referenced in your report and are seeking to stop UK users being able to access such sites. One of the websites is subsequently offline, and the other is in the process of being taken offline to protect the public from the illegal sale of medicines.”
Source location Response from DSIT Page 1 · response Published 25 April 2025
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21 Dec 2023 KIMBERLY ANNA LIU · Prevention of Future Deaths report Inner North London
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Concerns raised 1
Failure to regulate and verify online sales of prescription-only sedative medication View source
This report raised 2 other concerns. They are not shown here because they do not form part of this recurring concern.
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AI-generated summary
KIMBERLY ANNA LIU · Prevention of Future Deaths report
This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.
Report summary
Kimberly Anna Liu, who had become addicted to sedative and other medications, was found unresponsive at home on 7 February 2023 and was pronounced dead. The inquest concluded that this was a drug-related death caused by mixed drug toxicity. The principal concern was that unregulated websites supplied prescription-only sedative medications without prescriptions or adequate checks, potentially exploiting vulnerable people with medication addictions and providing means for suicide or self-harm.
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How this individual concern was interpreted PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.
PFD Monitor interpretation Failure to regulate and verify online sales of prescription-only sedative medication
Wider context from the report “The evidence revealed that from at least 2019, Kimberly Liu had regularly accessed websites specifically aimed at selling prescription-only medications (predominantly medications with a sedative effect) that allowed repeat orders on the same day and did not require a prescription . Those websites included the following:
▮ ████████
▮ ████████
▮ ████████
Despite the different URLs some of the websites appear to be operated by the same company and/or individual(s), in that ordering using an identical WhatsApp number (████████) was also permitted.
Correspondence from the websites, following an order being placed, included messaging that suggested that the operator(s) knew that their supply of such medication was likely to arouse regulatory suspicion. By way of example, messaging received in emails following the placing of an order, included the following:
• ‘This is to inform you that usage of the name “Sleeping Tablets” during the payment at the banks is prohibited. Kindly do not use the brand name as it can be harmful for us.’
• ‘DO NOT MENTION THE PRODUCT OR WEBSITE WHEN MAKING PAYMENT.’
On one occasion in December 2021, the same website permitted identical orders of ████████ tablets within nine minutes of each other, without question or checks . Three days later a further order of ████████ ████████ was again permitted without any query.
The concern here is that these websites, and potentially other similar websites, are not only operating without regulation, but that they appear to exploit already vulnerable individuals by facilitating an almost unseen feeding of dangerous medication addictions thereby placing those individuals in grave danger.
Although the inquest I heard did not concern a death by suicide, the additional concern is that these websites could also be seen to equip people with the means to complete suicide.
I believe that consideration ought to be given to the impact that the availability of such websites has on the population at large, together with the significantly increased risks to those who have developed an addiction to such medications or may even be contemplating acts of self-harm. I also believe that consideration ought to be given to whether and what action(s) could be taken to remove or limit access to or the availability of such websites.
” Source location KIMBERLY ANNA LIU · Prevention of Future Deaths report Page 2 · concerns
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Source evidence
How this respondent action was interpreted
PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.
PFD Monitor interpretation Monitor online channels, investigate and prosecute illegal medicine sellers, and remove illicit websites and criminal profits.
Verbatim wording from the response “I am aware of the efforts undertaken by the Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (MHRA) to address the illegal sale and supply of prescription medications, which is an Executive Agency of the Department.”
Source location Response from Department of Health and Social Care Page 1 · response Published 29 December 2023
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How this respondent position was interpreted
PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.
PFD Monitor interpretation The MHRA is responsible for enforcing regulations against the illegal sale and supply of human medicines.
Verbatim wording from the response “I am aware of the efforts undertaken by the Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (MHRA) to address the illegal sale and supply of prescription medications, which is an Executive Agency of the Department.”
Source location Response from Department of Health and Social Care Page 1 · response Published 29 December 2023
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How this respondent position was interpreted
PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.
PFD Monitor interpretation Online platforms and search services are responsible for preventing and removing illegal drug-sale content under the Online Safety Act 2023.
Verbatim wording from the response “Following our enquiries with the Department for Science, Innovation and Technology, my officials inform me that under the Online Safety Act 2023 all in-scope services such as user-to-user platforms and Search services will have new duties to prevent users being harmed by illegal content that they encounter via their services. User-to-user platforms will also”
Source location Response from Department of Health and Social Care Page 1 · response Published 29 December 2023
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18 Nov 2019 Deborah Michelle HEADSPEATH · Prevention of Future Deaths report Suffolk
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Concerns raised 2
Failure to regulate online suppliers of prescription-only medication View source
Failure to prevent uncoordinated quantities of prescription-only medication from online suppliers View source
This report raised 2 other concerns. They are not shown here because they do not form part of this recurring concern.
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Deborah Michelle HEADSPEATH · Prevention of Future Deaths report
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Report summary
Debbie Headspeath died suddenly at home on 28 July 2017 from aspiration pneumonitis caused by pancreatitis, which was linked in the report to long-term codeine use. The principal concerns were the lack of a central database for prescription-only medicines, uncoordinated access to codeine from multiple online suppliers, and the ability of some suppliers to operate outside the CQC regulatory regime.
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How this individual concern was interpreted PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.
PFD Monitor interpretation Failure to regulate online suppliers of prescription-only medication
Wider context from the report “2. Evidence was heard from both the CQC and CQC registered on-line pharmacists of the changes that have been made to the way in which the prescription of opiate based medication (including codeine) is now conducted. CQC registered pharmacies should now not supply opiate based medications unless the patient provides permission for them to contact their registered GP. However, those suppliers who do not want to adhere to this requirement are simply changing their business model (primarily by only using prescribing doctors based overseas) and are relinquishing their CQC Regulated status. These prescribers are therefore still able to provide on-line prescription services (including opiate based medication) in the UK but now fall outside the CQC regulation regime. Clearly this is an area of concern as it will continue to allow patients to access uncoordinated quantities of prescription only medication from unregulated on-line suppliers.
” Source location Deborah Michelle HEADSPEATH · Prevention of Future Deaths report Page 2 · concerns
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How this individual concern was interpreted PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.
PFD Monitor interpretation Failure to prevent uncoordinated quantities of prescription-only medication from online suppliers
Wider context from the report “2. Evidence was heard from both the CQC and CQC registered on-line pharmacists of the changes that have been made to the way in which the prescription of opiate based medication (including codeine) is now conducted. CQC registered pharmacies should now not supply opiate based medications unless the patient provides permission for them to contact their registered GP. However, those suppliers who do not want to adhere to this requirement are simply changing their business model (primarily by only using prescribing doctors based overseas) and are relinquishing their CQC Regulated status. These prescribers are therefore still able to provide on-line prescription services (including opiate based medication) in the UK but now fall outside the CQC regulation regime. Clearly this is an area of concern as it will continue to allow patients to access uncoordinated quantities of prescription only medication from unregulated on-line suppliers.
” Source location Deborah Michelle HEADSPEATH · Prevention of Future Deaths report Page 2 · concerns
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How this respondent action was interpreted
PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.
PFD Monitor interpretation Work with regulators to improve oversight of online prescribers and address legislative regulatory gaps.
Verbatim wording from the response “The Department is working closely with the Care Quality Commission (CQC) and relevant professional regulators to look at how they can better regulate online prescribers and close the loopholes in legislation that allow a small number of online organisations to operate without the necessary oversight.”
Source location 2019-0387-Response-from-The-Department-of-Health-and-Social-Care Page 1 · response Published 27 December 2019
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How this respondent action was interpreted
PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.
PFD Monitor interpretation Work with regulators to identify options for addressing online providers’ attempts to circumvent regulatory scrutiny.
Verbatim wording from the response “In relation to your concern that online providers are changing their business model to circumvent regulatory scrutiny, the Department is working with the CQC and other regulators to understand what the options might be to address this.”
Source location 2019-0387-Response-from-The-Department-of-Health-and-Social-Care Page 3 · response Published 27 December 2019
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How this respondent position was interpreted
PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.
PFD Monitor interpretation Oversight of online providers outside CQC regulation may fall to the General Pharmaceutical Council or Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency.
Verbatim wording from the response “Where a provider is outside the scope of CQC regulation, oversight might fall to other regulators, namely the GPhC and the Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (MHRA), and I am assured that all three regulators are working collaboratively to share information where there are concerns about a provider.”
Source location 2019-0387-Response-from-The-Department-of-Health-and-Social-Care Page 3 · response Published 27 December 2019
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20 Oct 2014 Samuel Duckworth · Prevention of Future Deaths report Inner South London
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Concerns raised 1
Unrestricted internet access to prescription-only drugs without medical supervision View source
Stated actions An action is something a respondent says it has done, is doing, or plans to do in response to the concern raised. 4
Home Office
Work with internet providers to ensure compliance with the law and support closure of UK-based websites committing drug offences.
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Home Office
Work with international partners to develop an effective response to overseas internet supply of controlled drugs and address emerging threats.
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Home Office
Build partnerships with international partners to tackle illegally trading websites identified outside UK jurisdiction.
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Home Office
Work with the EU and international regulatory agencies to ensure offending websites comply with the law wherever possible.
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Samuel Duckworth · Prevention of Future Deaths report
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Report summary
Samuel Duckworth was found dead in his flat after taking an overdose of Diazepam, Codeine and alcohol; the inquest recorded the medical cause of death as Diazepam, Codeine and Alcohol intoxication. The principal concern was that he could readily purchase prescription-only drugs on the internet, with the report identifying this as an ongoing risk to other vulnerable people whose medication should be medically supervised.
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How this individual concern was interpreted PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.
PFD Monitor interpretation Unrestricted internet access to prescription-only drugs without medical supervision
Wider context from the report “Mr Duckworth had consulted a psychiatrist and offered help with alcohol withdrawal and psychological therapies for mood swings, anxiety and impulse control. He was only prescribed a small amount of Diazepam, which I infer is because of the risks of abuse. Yet he had no difficulty in purchasing these prescription only drugs on the internet , 20 empty packets being found at the scene.
No evidence was admitted as to whether such access could be restricted or regulated . The ease of access clearly constitutes an on going risk to the lives of other vulnerable people, whose medication should be medically supervised .
” Source location Samuel Duckworth · Prevention of Future Deaths report Page 1 · concerns
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How this respondent action was interpreted
PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.
PFD Monitor interpretation Work with internet providers to ensure compliance with the law and support closure of UK-based websites committing drug offences.
Verbatim wording from the response “The Government and law enforcement agencies take the issue of unlawful advertising and sales of drugs on the internet very seriously, and we continue to work with internet providers to ensure that they comply with the law. This can include closure of UK-based websites where they are found to be committing offences under the Misuse of Drugs Act 1971. Online purchasing remains a relatively small overall element of drug supply: the 2013/14 Crime Survey for England and Wales shows that just 1% of adults who used drugs in the last 12 months sourced them from the internet.”
Source location 2014-0456-Response-by-Home-Office Page 1 · response Published 20 October 2014
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How this respondent action was interpreted
PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.
PFD Monitor interpretation Work with international partners to develop an effective response to overseas internet supply of controlled drugs and address emerging threats.
Verbatim wording from the response “Considerable illegal activity takes place on the internet outside of UK jurisdiction. The UK continues to work with international partners to develop an effective response to the supply of controlled drugs and to react swiftly to emerging threats. In order to tackle illegally trading websites identified overseas, we are building strong partnerships with international partners. There is also ongoing work with the EU and other international regulatory agencies to ensure that, wherever possible, offending websites are amended to comply with the law.”
Source location 2014-0456-Response-by-Home-Office Page 2 · response Published 20 October 2014
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How this respondent action was interpreted
PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.
PFD Monitor interpretation Build partnerships with international partners to tackle illegally trading websites identified outside UK jurisdiction.
Verbatim wording from the response “Considerable illegal activity takes place on the internet outside of UK jurisdiction. The UK continues to work with international partners to develop an effective response to the supply of controlled drugs and to react swiftly to emerging threats. In order to tackle illegally trading websites identified overseas, we are building strong partnerships with international partners. There is also ongoing work with the EU and other international regulatory agencies to ensure that, wherever possible, offending websites are amended to comply with the law.”
Source location 2014-0456-Response-by-Home-Office Page 2 · response Published 20 October 2014
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Source evidence
How this respondent action was interpreted
PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.
PFD Monitor interpretation Work with the EU and international regulatory agencies to ensure offending websites comply with the law wherever possible.
Verbatim wording from the response “Considerable illegal activity takes place on the internet outside of UK jurisdiction. The UK continues to work with international partners to develop an effective response to the supply of controlled drugs and to react swiftly to emerging threats. In order to tackle illegally trading websites identified overseas, we are building strong partnerships with international partners. There is also ongoing work with the EU and other international regulatory agencies to ensure that, wherever possible, offending websites are amended to comply with the law.”
Source location 2014-0456-Response-by-Home-Office Page 2 · response Published 20 October 2014
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8 Aug 2013 Dimitar SHTYANOV · Prevention of Future Deaths report South Lincolnshire
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Concerns raised 1
Access by seasonal workers to UK prescription-only medicines posted from home without prescription View source
This report raised 4 other concerns. They are not shown here because they do not form part of this recurring concern.
No linked response statements No respondent-stated action or position is linked to these concerns in the published data.
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Dimitar SHTYANOV · Prevention of Future Deaths report
This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.
Report summary
Dimitar SHTYANOV, a Bulgarian seasonal agricultural worker with a history of asthma, became ill in August 2012 and attended hospital twice before arriving in cardiac arrest on 11 August; resuscitation was unsuccessful. The inquest recorded the medical cause of death as bilateral pneumothoraces due to acute asthma. Concerns included seasonal workers’ limited awareness of GP, 999 and 111 services, and uncertainty about whether Dimitar’s medicines from Bulgaria were shown to hospital staff.
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How this individual concern was interpreted PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.
PFD Monitor interpretation Access by seasonal workers to UK prescription-only medicines posted from home without prescription
Wider context from the report “(4) Dimitar obtained salbutamol inhalers (labelled in both English and Bulgarian – the latter in Cyrillic Script) and injectable long acting beclomethasone (labelled in Cyrillic script) by post from Bulgaria, with extra supplies being posted to him when he became ill. The evidence as to whether or not these medicines were shown to A&E staff was inconsistent. I was informed in Court that it is very common for seasonal workers with chronic conditions to have what would be prescription only medicines in the UK posted to them from home where such medicines can often be purchased freely without prescription .
” Source location Dimitar SHTYANOV · Prevention of Future Deaths report Page 1 · concerns
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