Recurring concern

Failure to provide care for vulnerable people excluded by service thresholds

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First reported 20 Aug 2013•Latest report 16 Dec 2024

Definition

What this concern includes

Includes failures to identify, accept, care for or arrange appropriate alternative support for vulnerable people who fall outside formal high-risk, eligibility or service-boundary criteria, including the absence of a system for people outside MARAC high-risk criteria and cases passed between organisations without active care.

Not included

  • Excludes ordinary service-capacity shortages, delays or poor care where no threshold-based exclusion or service-boundary gap is identified.
  • Excludes generic multi-agency communication, ownership or coordination failures where vulnerable people are not being excluded by eligibility or risk thresholds.
  • Excludes failures involving people who meet the relevant service threshold but receive inadequate care within that service.
  • Excludes isolated vulnerability-identification failures where no resulting exclusion from care or absence of an accountable alternative is asserted.
Reports
5

Distinct published reports

Individual concerns
5

A report can raise multiple concerns

Date range
2013–2024

First to latest report issue date

Stated actions
7

Described in published responses

Reports over time

Reports over time

Reports about this concern issued each year.

* 2026 is projected from reports observed to 7 Sep 2026.

Most frequent recipients

Most frequent recipients

Reports about this concern sent to each recipient.

Cornwall Council1
Department of Health and Social Care1
Home Office1
Ministry of Justice1
NHS Bristol Clinical Commissioning Group1
NHS Central East Integrated Care Board1
NHS Cornwall and the Isles of Scilly Integrated Care Board1
NHS Surrey and Sussex Integrated Care Board1
Public Health England1

Concerns and responses across reports

Only concerns grouped under this recurring concern are included. Select any concern, action or position to view the source wording.

  1. West Sussex, Brighton and Hove

    AI-generated summary

    Matthew Zak Sheldrick (Matty) · Prevention of Future Deaths report

    This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.

    Report summary

    Matthew Zak Sheldrick (Matty), who identified as non-binary, attended A&E in crisis on 3 November 2022 following deteriorating mental health and intense suicidal thoughts. After being assessed under the Mental Health Act and not detained, Matty left the hospital and was found suspended by a ligature in the hospital grounds. The report identified concerns including the lack of suitable inpatient beds, the unsuitability of A&E for neurodivergent patients, gaps in service provision, and shortcomings in the mental health assessment and discharge care planning.

    Read the report on judiciary.uk

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Gap in services for people too high risk to go home but not ill enough for detention

    Wider context from the report

    “6. There is a gap in services for those who are not ill enough to be detained but who are too high risk to be sent home. ”

    Source location

    Matthew Zak Sheldrick (Matty) · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 4 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Ensure SPFT audits potential voluntary admissions to test the pathway available for high-risk patients who are not detained and cannot safely return home.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “Following clinical assessment, a patient who is not detained under the Mental Health Act but remains high risk to be sent home with community services support could be recommended for voluntary admission to an inpatient bed.”

    Source location

    Response from Sussex ICB
    Page 4 · response
    Published 19 December 2024

    Open published response
  2. East Riding and Hull

    AI-generated summary

    Jessica Louise LAVERACK “Jessie” · Prevention of Future Deaths report

    This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.

    Report summary

    Jessica Louise LAVERACK “Jessie” had a history of domestic abuse, anxiety and alcohol dependence, and reported suicidal ideation and self-harm before her death. She was found on 2 February 2018, and the medical cause of death was recorded as hanging. The report identified concerns about the lack of a coordinated approach and information sharing between agencies, including for vulnerable people who did not meet the MARAC high-risk threshold.

    Read the report on judiciary.uk

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Lack of a system to identify and care for vulnerable people outside the “high risk” criteria

    Wider context from the report

    “(2) There is no system to appropriately identify and care for the vulnerable who do not meet the criteria of “high risk” which is covered by MARAC, evidence was heard that a large number of domestic homicide reviews cover victims who have not been rated as “high risk” ”

    Source location

    Jessica Louise LAVERACK “Jessie” · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 2 · concerns

    Open source report
  3. Cornwall and Isles of Scilly

    AI-generated summary

    Emma Burbury · Prevention of Future Deaths report

    This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.

    Report summary

    Emma Burbury collapsed after an altercation with her partner and died in hospital on 19 September 2018; the forensic pathologist considered it possible that injuries from the altercation caused or contributed to her death, but the evidence was insufficient to establish this as probable or certain. The report identified a missed opportunity to provide treatment after her July 2017 assessment and concerns about services for people with dual diagnoses, including care coordination, communication between organisations, engagement, and discharge arrangements.

    Read the report on judiciary.uk

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Failure to consider suitable alternative agency support for patients outside severe and enduring mental illness criteria

    Wider context from the report

    “c] It was felt patients referred to the Trust who did not fall within the strict parameters of a severe and enduring mental illness were discharged without sufficient thought being given by the Trust’s clinicians to whether another agency such as Valued Lives may be able to offer assistance. You may feel it would be a worthwhile exercise to consider how to join up the wider services available within the Trust, the voluntary sector or elsewhere. ”

    Source location

    Emma Burbury · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 2 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Implement regular multidisciplinary meetings with WAWY to discuss patients’ care and treatment pathways.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “Additionally, the Trust has worked with WAWY to implement regular multi-disciplinary team (MDT) meetings where care and treatment pathways for patients may be discussed. This has been met with a varied uptake across the county and the Trust is eager to engage with WAWY to embed this consistently. An escalation route has also recently been provided to WAWY via the mental health Matrons and / or operational leads where concerns can be reviewed if a patient is not receiving care or their risks are not being considered.”

    Source location

    2021-0382-Response-from-Cornwall-Partnership_Published
    Page 2 · response
    Published 18 November 2021

    Open published response
  4. Milton Keynes

    AI-generated summary

    Sam Michael Carl Grant · Prevention of Future Deaths report

    This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.

    Report summary

    Sam Michael Carl Grant, aged 16, died at home on 09/11/2018 after being found hanging by his sister. The report raised concerns about limited access to lower-level mental health support, incomplete information-sharing between services, and reduced confidential health-information sharing between the school and GP surgery.

    Read the report on judiciary.uk

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Lack of lower-level assistance for young people with life issues who do not meet CAMHS access criteria

    Wider context from the report

    “1) Sam’s GP referred Sam to CAMHS when he presented to the GP with irritability, anger and a report that he was close to being excluded from school. CAMHS rejected the referral because Sam did not meet their threshold of moderate to severe mental health issues. CAMHS did not suggest any alternative assistance. The GP did follow up with Sam to sign post him to two independent organisations who Sam would have to approach independently for help. The GP made it clear in his evidence that there is a lack of lower level assistance for young people who present with ‘life issues’ such as low mood, irritability and anger issues, but who nonetheless need help and assistance but do not meet the criteria for access to CAMHS services. 2) Sam had been referred to, and was receiving the services of COMPASS having been referred by his School. The GP was not made aware of this engagement and was unable to take this into account at the time when Sam did present himself to the GP. The evidence from COMPASS is that they maintain the confidentiality of patients even minors using their services unless they have express consent to disclose that information from the patient themselves. Without all relevant information neither the GP nor CAMHS was in a position to make a fully informed decision about the Sam’s needs. Sharing of information between relevant health agencies to ensure fully informed decisions are made as regards the healthcare needs of an individual should be a priority. 3) Evidence at the inquest from the GP also indicated that a reduction in healthcare provision at Sam’s school and in particular the removal of a medically qualified person(s) has meant that confidential health information is no longer shared between the school and the GP surgery. The school now only engages First Aiders, who are not medically qualified, and who do not therefore exchange information which in the past has proved essential in flagging concerns between the GP and the School. This is another route which has been closed and which would have allowed a potential flag to have been raised in respect of concerns around Sam and his wellbeing to be shared confidentially between GP and school. 2) Sam had been referred to, and was receiving the services of COMPASS having been referred by his School. The GP was not made aware of this engagement and was unable to take this into account at the time when Sam did present himself to the GP. The evidence from COMPASS is that they maintain the confidentiality of patients even minors using their services unless they have express consent to disclose that information from the patient themselves. Without all relevant information neither the GP nor CAMHS was in a position to make a fully informed decision about the Sam’s needs. Sharing of information between relevant health agencies to ensure fully informed decisions are made as regards the healthcare needs of an individual should be a priority. 3) Evidence at the inquest from the GP also indicated that a reduction in healthcare provision at Sam’s school and in particular the removal of a medically qualified person(s) has meant that confidential health information is no longer shared between the school and the GP surgery. The school now only engages First Aiders, who are not medically qualified, and who do not therefore exchange information which in the past has proved essential in flagging concerns between the GP and the School. This is another route which has been closed and which would have allowed a potential flag to have been raised in respect of concerns around Sam and his wellbeing to be shared confidentially between GP and school. ”

    Source location

    Sam Michael Carl Grant · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 1 · concerns

    Open source report
  5. Avon

    AI-generated summary

    Ann Margaret SPEARING · Prevention of Future Deaths report

    This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.

    Report summary

    Ann Margaret SPEARING had a history of learning difficulties, bereavement and dependency issues and lived in assisted accommodation. She was reviewed by mental health, hospital and eating-disorder services but was not considered to have a qualifying mental illness, medical condition or eating disorder. She starved herself over many months and died of pneumonia and malnutrition, with self-neglect contributing in the context of bereavement, a move to a new home, anxiety and dependence issues. The principal concern was that organisational eligibility criteria excluded her from effective care, leaving her passed between agencies without positive intervention.

    Read the report on judiciary.uk

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Failure of relevant organisations to provide care for people excluded by their eligibility criteria

    Wider context from the report

    “The concerns are that despite the involvement of all the relevant organisations this lady was able to precipitate her death by starving herself over a period of many months leading her GP to predict her death some months in advance. It appears that each of the relevant organisations had drawn their criteria in such a way as to exclude this lady from their care. She was always someone else's problem. There needs to be some method of providing funding in such cases rather than spending time and money passing the person from one agency to another without any positive curative action being taken. ”

    Source location

    Ann Margaret SPEARING · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 1 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Re-procure redesigned specialist mental health and learning disability services.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “Bristol has recently reviewed, redesigned and is currently re-procuring its specialist mental health and learning disability services. This process was undertaken following consultation with users, carers and relevant professionals. It was initiated in response to concerns by all parties that Bristol’s mental health services were neither flexible or”

    Source location

    2013-0217-Response-by-Bristol-Clinical-Commissioning-Group
    Page 1 · response
    Published 20 August 2013

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Make an expanded range of specialist services available, including interventions for complex presentations and medically unexplained symptoms.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “responsive and that there should be a greater bias towards prevention and providing support closer to the patient’s own home. This process has meant that a significantly expanded range of services will be available from October 2014. These will include interventions for patients with complex presentations or medically unexplained symptoms such as Miss Spearing. We already have in place a significantly expanded primary care based psychological therapies service, directly accessible by self or professional referral.”

    Source location

    2013-0217-Response-by-Bristol-Clinical-Commissioning-Group
    Page 2 · response
    Published 20 August 2013

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Provide an expanded primary-care psychological therapies service accessible by self-referral or professional referral.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “responsive and that there should be a greater bias towards prevention and providing support closer to the patient’s own home. This process has meant that a significantly expanded range of services will be available from October 2014. These will include interventions for patients with complex presentations or medically unexplained symptoms such as Miss Spearing. We already have in place a significantly expanded primary care based psychological therapies service, directly accessible by self or professional referral.”

    Source location

    2013-0217-Response-by-Bristol-Clinical-Commissioning-Group
    Page 2 · response
    Published 20 August 2013

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Operate Primary Care Liaison as a single point of access, providing triage, primary-care advice, assessment routing and pathway facilitation.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “The development of Primary Care Liaison; this service was implemented in 2012 as Single Point of Access to secondary mental health services across Bristol and provides:”

    Source location

    2013-0217-Response-by-Bristol-Clinical-Commissioning-Group
    Page 2 · response
    Published 20 August 2013

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Implement a primary-care psychotherapy service for people unsuitable for or unable to engage with existing services and those below referral thresholds.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “A Primary Care Psychotherapy Service which, following a successful pilot, is being implemented in Bristol. Importantly this service will support people such as Miss Spearing who may present with medically unexplained symptoms, or have a diagnosis or characteristics of a personality disorder, who are not suitable for existing secondary mental health services or those who find it difficult to engage with such services. It will also work with patients with mental health problems who have been discharged from services or do not meet the referral threshold for current primary or secondary services.”

    Source location

    2013-0217-Response-by-Bristol-Clinical-Commissioning-Group
    Page 2 · response
    Published 20 August 2013

    Open published response
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Data last updated 7 September 2026