Recurring concern

Unreliable patient risk-assessment processes

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First reported 27 Jan 2016•Latest report 2 Jun 2021

Definition

What this concern includes

Includes failures in patient risk-assessment processes and their dedicated safety-summary or assurance controls, including incomplete assessments or summaries, failure to complete assessments within required timescales, inadequate checking or auditing of completion, and related deficiencies that leave patient risks unavailable for safe care and protection decisions.

Not included

  • Excludes generic documentation, staffing, training or governance deficiencies unless they directly constitute or undermine a patient risk-assessment process.
  • Excludes condition-specific or named risk systems, such as mental-health risk assessment, safeguarding assessment or hazard-specific assessments, when that narrower system provides the more specific supported boundary.
  • Excludes failures to implement protective actions after a patient risk assessment has been completed and reliably communicated.
  • Excludes general clinical assessment, diagnosis or treatment failures where patient risk assessment is not the deficient control.
Reports
4

Distinct published reports

Individual concerns
5

A report can raise multiple concerns

Date range
2016–2021

First to latest report issue date

Stated actions
7

Described in published responses

Reports over time

Reports over time

Reports about this concern issued each year.

* 2026 is projected from reports observed to 7 Sep 2026.

Most frequent recipients

Most frequent recipients

Reports about this concern sent to each recipient.

Avery Healthcare Group1
Care Quality Commission1
Department of Health and Social Care1
Elvy Court Care Home1
Kent and Medway Mental Health NHS Trust1
South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust1
Stepping Hill Hospital1
Tees, Esk and Wear Valleys NHS Foundation Trust1

Concerns and responses across reports

Only concerns grouped under this recurring concern are included. Select any concern, action or position to view the source wording.

  1. Mid Kent and Medway

    AI-generated summary

    Catherine Jux · Prevention of Future Deaths report

    This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.

    Report summary

    Catherine Jux died aged 86 on 5 April 2021 while being transported to hospital by ambulance after choking on food at Elvy Court Nursing Home. The substantive concerns were that a risk assessment was not completed within 24 hours of admission, staff did not identify this omission, and the home lacked an adequate auditing process for completed assessments.

    Read the report on judiciary.uk

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Failure of care staff to notice missing risk assessments when assessing patients’ daily needs and requirements

    Wider context from the report

    “Evidence was given by Nursing Home manager and Nursing staff at the Elvy Court Nursing Home that: (1) Due to an oversight by the home a risk assessment was not completed within 24 hours of the patient being admitted to the home. (2) None of the Care Home staff who attended to the patient and who would refer to this risk assessment to assess a patient’s daily needs and requirements noticed the oversight in respect of this. (3) There is not an adequate process in place for auditing that assessments have been completed particularly given the homes policy that they are completed within 24 hours of admission. ”

    Source location

    Catherine Jux · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 2 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Inadequate auditing of assessment completion

    Wider context from the report

    “Evidence was given by Nursing Home manager and Nursing staff at the Elvy Court Nursing Home that: (1) Due to an oversight by the home a risk assessment was not completed within 24 hours of the patient being admitted to the home. (2) None of the Care Home staff who attended to the patient and who would refer to this risk assessment to assess a patient’s daily needs and requirements noticed the oversight in respect of this. (3) There is not an adequate process in place for auditing that assessments have been completed particularly given the homes policy that they are completed within 24 hours of admission. ”

    Source location

    Catherine Jux · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 2 · concerns

    Open source report
  2. County Durham and Darlington

    AI-generated summary

    Mina TOPLEY-BIRD · Prevention of Future Deaths report

    This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.

    Report summary

    Mina TOPLEY-BIRD, who had a severe and enduring mental illness and a history of suicide and self-harm attempts, was admitted to West Park Hospital after attempting to run into traffic and stab herself. On 8 May 2019, after being told that no bed was available for her in London, she said words to the effect of “I may as well kill myself”; she was later found hanging in her room and pronounced dead. Concerns included incomplete access to historic medical records, inability to print and share documents across NHS Trust systems, uncertainty about ligature-point assessments, limited bed-management coverage, and incomplete risk-assessment and safety-summary processes.

    Read the report on judiciary.uk

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Incomplete Risk Assessment/Safety Summary process for assessing and protecting patients

    Wider context from the report

    “5. The Trust gave evidence that the Risk Assessment/Safety Summary process for assessing and protecting patients had been improved, but accepted it was still 'a work in progress' and further work was required. It is of concern that this aspect of area of patient safeguarding appears on the evidence given at inquest not to be complete. ”

    Source location

    Mina TOPLEY-BIRD · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 5 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Implement an out-of-area patient checklist covering information gathering, care-team sharing, Safety Summary updates and forwarding information to admitting wards.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “As described at the inquest hearing, immediate action was taken by the Trust to develop and implement a checklist to support the care and treatment of patients presenting at Accident and Emergency departments, who are from outside the area. (please see documents attached at Concern 2 below). This checklist includes:”

    Source location

    2021-0100-Response-from-West-Park-Hospital-Redacted
    Page 1 · response
    Published 13 April 2021

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Review, clarify and streamline clinical risk assessment and management processes and confirm organisation-wide risk-assessment standards.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “Following a CQC inspection in January 2021 where concerns were raised regarding risk assessment and management, a Rapid Process Improvement Workshop (RPIW) was held week commencing 1st February 2021. This was to review, clarify and streamline the process for assessing and managing the clinical risk of patients and to confirm the standards for risk assessment across all services of the organisation.”

    Source location

    2021-0100-Response-from-West-Park-Hospital-Redacted
    Page 4 · response
    Published 13 April 2021

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Review care documentation to assure that patient risks are assessed and safety plans meet the agreed standard.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “A review of care documentation was undertaken to provide assurance that patient risks were being assessed and each patient had a safety plan in place in line with the agreed standard. Ward to Board governance arrangements were put in place to ensure Executive oversight and the reporting of compliance with the quality standards. An ongoing programme of quality assurance was implemented. This utilises a range of methods such as clinical audit, Matron walkabouts and direct clinical observation to provide assurance to the Trust Board that the actions being taken are having a positive impact and addressing the patient safety concerns. Community assurance processes have included the development of a dashboard to support community caseload reporting and improved clinical supervision processes.”

    Source location

    2021-0100-Response-from-West-Park-Hospital-Redacted
    Page 4 · response
    Published 13 April 2021

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent position was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Operational processes for locally commissioned mental health services are the responsibility of local NHS providers and their commissioning partners.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “Mental health services provided by TEWV are locally commissioned and therefore operational processes, such as those described, are the responsibility of local NHS providers and their clinical commissioning group (CCG) system partners, which commission the services.”

    Source location

    2021-0100-Response-from-Dept.-of-Health-and-Social-Care-Redacted
    Page 2 · response
    Published 13 April 2021

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent position was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Enforcement action was not required because the regulator concluded there was no ongoing risk to service users.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “My officials also approached the Care Quality Commission (CQC). The CQC has sought assurances from the Trust in relation to its investigation and has concluded that there is no ongoing risk to service users and that enforcement action was not required.”

    Source location

    2021-0100-Response-from-Dept.-of-Health-and-Social-Care-Redacted
    Page 3 · response
    Published 13 April 2021

    Open published response
  3. Manchester South

    AI-generated summary

    Maureen Patricia FLYNN · Prevention of Future Deaths report

    This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.

    Report summary

    Maureen Patricia FLYNN was admitted to hospital with a urinary tract infection and later suffered a fall from her bedside chair, fracturing her left hip. She underwent surgery, subsequently developed a chest infection that did not respond to antibiotics, and died on 7 May 2016. Concerns included the incomplete falls risk assessment, staff not being alerted to this, and the Patient Safety Investigation not identifying the omission.

    Read the report on judiciary.uk

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Lack of alerts to staff when required patient safety assessments are incomplete

    Wider context from the report

    “The evidence at the Inquest suggested that if, from the falls risk assessment, there were concerns as to Mrs Flynn’s mobilising in and out bed and/or in and out of her chair and her stability then these would have been highlighted in the nursing notes/care plan and discussed at any handover. However, as the assessment had not been completed out no-one knew, least of all the HCA. It is of concern to me that those caring for a patient were ignorant of the fact that Mrs Flynn’s falls risk assessment had not been completed. It is clear that the HCA was unaware. It is reasonable for staff, in my view, to assume that all assessments have been appropriately carried out and completed. Why would the HCA have thought otherwise given the high falls risk sign above Mrs Flynn’s bed? It would seem eminently sensible to adopt a system whereby staff are alerted to the fact that a falls risk assessment has not been completed. My concern extends to any other assessment required for a patient’s safety and well-being. I am further concerned that the Patient Safety Investigation did not identify the fact that the falls risk assessment had not been completed. ”

    Source location

    Maureen Patricia FLYNN · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 2 · concerns

    Open source report
  4. Mid Kent and Medway

    AI-generated summary

    Joanna Bowring · Prevention of Future Deaths report

    This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.

    Report summary

    Joanna Bowring had depression, paranoid delusions and suicidal thoughts and was receiving community mental health support. She died by suicide on 1 June 2015 after being struck by a high-speed train on the rail track at Boxley, Kent, with evidence of significant planning. Concerns included the lack of a clear understanding of available services and a care plan after the initial assessment, carers not being routinely included in risk assessments, and carers not being advised about behaviours indicating increased suicide risk.

    Read the report on judiciary.uk

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Failure to routinely include carers and actively seek their views and knowledge in risk assessment

    Wider context from the report

    “(2) Carers were not routinely included in the risk assessment process and their views about the patient and knowledge of the patient were not actively sought ”

    Source location

    Joanna Bowring · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 1 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Provide family-inclusion training across the service line to frontline staff on engaging with families and carers.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “• That this issue has also been separately discussed by the Trust at its Patient Safety Meetings, with the outcome that the Trust is commissioning a senior psychotherapist with expertise in family therapy to provide bespoke training to the Crisis and Community Mental Health Teams. I am pleased to confirm that Nigel Jacobs, Family Inclusion Project Lead, has started to provide training across the Service Line to all front-line staff on working with Families with the intention that it assists staff in engaging with carers”

    Source location

    Joanna-Bowring-Response
    Page 2 · response
    Published 27 January 2016

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Develop Open Dialogue training so selected staff attend residential training and disseminate their learning to others.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “• The Trust has also embarked on taking forward Open Dialogue Training where the focus will be on working with the individual and their family as equal partners in care. Medway is one of the two areas where this is being piloted. This is being taken forward currently, with the intention that selected individual will need to attend a 4 week residential course, and that it is envisaged that they will train others in what they have learned. It was accepted that this was the start of a longer term process.”

    Source location

    Joanna-Bowring-Response
    Page 2 · response
    Published 27 January 2016

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Embed learning on engaging separately with patients and carers through clinician meetings, patient-safety meetings, face-to-face meetings and written guidance or policy updates.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “• That the Trust has met with all clinicians as part of its learning process to emphasize the importance of engaging with the patient and carers separately,”

    Source location

    Joanna-Bowring-Response
    Page 2 · response
    Published 27 January 2016

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Complete and report an audit of care plans and risk assessments for evidence of carer involvement.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “• In February an Audit was carried out of care plans and risk assessments for evidence of Carer involvement. This has been carried out and a report of it provided to the Leadership Forum. I enclose recent slides”

    Source location

    Joanna-Bowring-Response
    Page 2 · response
    Published 27 January 2016

    Open published response
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Data last updated 7 September 2026