Recurring concern

Inadequate drainage control of hazardous surface water on public routes

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First reported 17 Sep 2013•Latest report 21 May 2024

Definition

What this concern includes

Includes failures or hazards involving inadequate drainage, runoff control or related remedial measures that leave public pedestrian paths, roads or carriageways with recurring hazardous surface water, including the anchor's pooled water at the base of steps and comparable road flooding, spillage or pooling.

Not included

  • Excludes the existing narrower concern limited to public-road street drainage where the assertion does not support the broader public-route surface-water condition.
  • Excludes generic highway maintenance, path-surface or road-condition deficiencies where hazardous surface water or drainage is not identified.
  • Excludes flooding or water hazards in buildings, premises, waterways or other settings that are not public pedestrian or vehicular routes.
  • Excludes isolated wet-weather slipperiness where no recurring pooling, spillage, flooding or deficient drainage control is identified.
Reports
12

Distinct published reports

Individual concerns
16

A report can raise multiple concerns

Date range
2013–2024

First to latest report issue date

Stated actions
33

Described in published responses

Reports over time

Reports over time

Reports about this concern issued each year.

* 2026 is projected from reports observed to 7 Sep 2026.

Most frequent recipients

Most frequent recipients

Reports about this concern sent to each recipient.

Cornwall Council2
Cambridgeshire County Council1
Cumberland Council1
Cumbria County Council1
Denbighshire County Council1
Devon County Council1
Devon Highways1
Dorset Council1
Gloucestershire County Council1
National Highways1
West Sussex County Council1

Concerns and responses across reports

Only concerns grouped under this recurring concern are included. Select any concern, action or position to view the source wording.

  1. Cambridgeshire and Peterborough

    AI-generated summary

    Colin Neil Duncan MCCALLUM · Prevention of Future Deaths report

    This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.

    Report summary

    Colin Neil Duncan McCallum died after his Ford Focus struck standing water on the A1307 in heavy rain, lost control, collided with a stationary vehicle and entered a treeline. The concern was that, unless the risk of flooding or standing water was reassessed and managed or monitored, future deaths could occur in similar circumstances.

    Read the report on judiciary.uk

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Failure to manage and monitor flooding and standing water on the road

    Wider context from the report

    “I understand that responsibility for this stretch of road was passed to CCC by National Highways in Feb 2024. During the Inquest I heard evidence from National Highways Head Of Planning & Development (statement of ████████ attached). During the period Mar 2022 to Jul 2023 the Police were aware of 5 separate incidents on the stretch of the A1307 identified in ████████ statement where there had been personal injury or death to individuals caused after vehicles had hit patches of water before leaving the carriageway. I am concerned that unless the risk of flooding/standing water is reassessed and managed/monitored moving forward that there is a risk of future deaths occurring in circumstances similar to that of the current case. ”

    Source location

    Colin Neil Duncan MCCALLUM · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 2 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Clear the French Drain, expose and assess its drainage pipe, undertake any necessary clearing or replacement, and reinstate the drainage media.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “A plan has been developed to remediate the issues that have been identified. Works are planned to commence in late July 2024 and should take 4 weeks to complete.”

    Source location

    Response from Cambridge County Council
    Page 2 · response
    Published 23 May 2024

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Skim carriageway verges and clear roadside gullies.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “A plan has been developed to remediate the issues that have been identified. Works are planned to commence in late July 2024 and should take 4 weeks to complete.”

    Source location

    Response from Cambridge County Council
    Page 2 · response
    Published 23 May 2024

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Test and monitor the remediation works for effectiveness in removing flooding and surface-water risk.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “These works will be tested and monitored for effectiveness to ensure that the actions undertaken have been successful in removing the flooding and surface water risk. Only when the Council is satisfied that the measures taken have removed this risk will the Council be able to remove the 40mph speed limit.”

    Source location

    Response from Cambridge County Council
    Page 2 · response
    Published 23 May 2024

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Inspect the A1307 monthly and increase monitoring during heavy rainfall events.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “The A1307 will be subject to monthly inspections by the Highways Inspector and the Local Highways Officer for the area, as well as enhanced monitoring when we experience heavy rainfall events.”

    Source location

    Response from Cambridge County Council
    Page 2 · response
    Published 23 May 2024

    Open published response
  2. North Wales (East and Central)

    AI-generated summary

    John Michael Thomas · Prevention of Future Deaths report

    This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.

    Report summary

    John Michael Thomas died on 2 December 2023 after losing control of the motorcycle he was riding and colliding with an oncoming vehicle, sustaining fatal injuries. Witness evidence indicated that the motorcycle may have slipped on the road, and concerns were raised about flooding and the general condition of parts of the A539, including issues previously brought to the Local Authority’s attention.

    Read the report on judiciary.uk

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Failure to control surface water and flooding on the A539 near the Wenfrwd Pocket Park entrance

    Wider context from the report

    “Initial indications by way of witness evidence suggest that the loss of control occurred as a result of Mr Thomas’ motorcycle “slipping on the road”. My understanding is that this has occurred near to the Sun Trevor Public House, and I have been made aware that some issues regarding flooding and the general condition of this part of the highway had been made known to the Local Authority prior to the accident. Furthermore my understanding is that concerns have also been raised with the Local Authority in relation to surface water/flooding on another part of the A539 near to Llangollen, namely near to the Wenfrwd Pocket Park entrance. I am therefore concerned that if action is not taken to remedy these issues, there is a risk that future deaths may occur. ”

    Source location

    John Michael Thomas · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 1 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Failure to control flooding on the highway near the Sun Trevor Public House

    Wider context from the report

    “Initial indications by way of witness evidence suggest that the loss of control occurred as a result of Mr Thomas’ motorcycle “slipping on the road”. My understanding is that this has occurred near to the Sun Trevor Public House, and I have been made aware that some issues regarding flooding and the general condition of this part of the highway had been made known to the Local Authority prior to the accident. Furthermore my understanding is that concerns have also been raised with the Local Authority in relation to surface water/flooding on another part of the A539 near to Llangollen, namely near to the Wenfrwd Pocket Park entrance. I am therefore concerned that if action is not taken to remedy these issues, there is a risk that future deaths may occur. ”

    Source location

    John Michael Thomas · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 1 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Clear storm-affected drainage gullies and channels on the A539.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “6.4 Following the extensive rainfall and disruption caused by Storm Babet on 20th October 2023, the Council implemented a specific response action of addressing the impact of the storm on drainage gullies and channels on the A539. This work has been completed with all gullies and channels being cleared.”

    Source location

    Response from Denbigshire County Council
    Page 3 · response
    Published 19 December 2023

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Erect warning signs at the Wenffrwd Junction and Sun Inn locations alerting motorists to possible water or ice.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “6.5 As an additional safety measure, the Council has also erected warning signs on the A539 at both the Wenffrwd Junction location and the Sun Inn location. These warning signs alert motorists to the possibility of the presence of water or ice.”

    Source location

    Response from Denbigshire County Council
    Page 3 · response
    Published 19 December 2023

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Contact the adjacent field owner about possible land alterations to help retain excess water.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “3.4 As a matter of completeness, the Council will contact the owner of the field adjacent to the highway to see if any alterations could be made to this private land that may assist in retaining the water on the land on the occasions when it becomes saturated.”

    Source location

    Response from Denbigshire County Council
    Page 2 · response
    Published 19 December 2023

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Continue investigating drainage improvements at the Sun Inn location.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “4.2 At this location a drainage system from an adjacent road flows into a manhole which is partially blocked. As a result, there is an overflow which runs on the highway to flow into a gully approximately 70 metres away, before draining under the road and into the canal.”

    Source location

    Response from Denbigshire County Council
    Page 2 · response
    Published 19 December 2023

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Rectify private-land drainage flows and clear debris from the historical stone drainage feature.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “5.1 On the north side of the road there is a stone feature which collects run – off from the land behind it and feeds it into a culvert which again runs under the carriageway to outfall into the canal. This is shown as Location C on the plan at Appendix 2.”

    Source location

    Response from Denbigshire County Council
    Page 2 · response
    Published 19 December 2023

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Add the drainage feature to the critical-culvert list and monitor it more closely.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “5.3 The council has a list of critical culverts which are known to require higher maintenance standards and this feature will now be added to a monitored more closely.”

    Source location

    Response from Denbigshire County Council
    Page 3 · response
    Published 19 December 2023

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent position was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    The Wenffrwd runoff is not a specific safety concern, does not make the highway impassable, and is unrelated to highway infrastructure.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “3.3 Prior to the Report from HM Coroner, the Council was aware of the aforementioned issue at this location. It was not (and is not) considered to present a specific safety concern or an issue that requires remedial action. As above, such issues are common across the highway network, particularly in rural locations and it is not caused by an issue related to the highway infrastructure. The issue only presents at times of heavy or extensive rainfall. It does not result in an amount of water that makes the highway in any way unpassable for traffic and the location is the subject of winter maintenance and gritting in accordance with the Council’s winter maintenance policy.”

    Source location

    Response from Denbigshire County Council
    Page 2 · response
    Published 19 December 2023

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent position was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    The Wenffrwd surface-water issue is not considered to require remedial action because it occurs only during heavy or extended rainfall.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “3.3 Prior to the Report from HM Coroner, the Council was aware of the aforementioned issue at this location. It was not (and is not) considered to present a specific safety concern or an issue that requires remedial action. As above, such issues are common across the highway network, particularly in rural locations and it is not caused by an issue related to the highway infrastructure. The issue only presents at times of heavy or extensive rainfall. It does not result in an amount of water that makes the highway in any way unpassable for traffic and the location is the subject of winter maintenance and gritting in accordance with the Council’s winter maintenance policy.”

    Source location

    Response from Denbigshire County Council
    Page 2 · response
    Published 19 December 2023

    Open published response
  3. Cumbria

    AI-generated summary

    Elsie Mary MURPHY · Prevention of Future Deaths report

    This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.

    Report summary

    Elsie Mary MURPHY slipped in a puddle on a footpath in Maryport on 27 September 2022, fell, and died in Cumberland Infirmary the following day from a fatal injury. The concern was that a puddle regularly formed at the location because water appeared to discharge onto the path, creating a risk of further accidents.

    Read the report on judiciary.uk

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Failure to prevent water pooling on the path at the base of the steps

    Wider context from the report

    “(1) Evidence has heard that a puddle always forms at this location in wet weather and that people have slipped here in the past. Pictures taken on the evening Elsie fell were accepted in evidence and are attached. It seems that a drain or soak away from under Ewanrigg Road discharges down the grassy bank to the left of the steps looking up them and pools on the path. There is a drain on the right hand side of the path a few feet from the base of the steps but water does not seem to reach it. I am concerned that if this issue is not addressed by some remedial work further accidents will occur ”

    Source location

    Elsie Mary MURPHY · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 2 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Install additional drainage to prevent standing water in the area.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “With this in mind, the Highways Department had commenced work to install additional drainage in this area to further prevent standing water. Subsequent to that work commencing, information was received from United Utilities and it would appear that their water/sewerage systems may have been defective and contributed to the standing water. United Utilities have confirmed it has now been repaired and is currently being monitored by them. Should the problem reappear, we will take further action as required.”

    Source location

    Response from Cumberland Council
    Page 2 · response
    Published 13 June 2023

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent position was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    The Council does not inspect or maintain the land, paths or steps because they are not Council structures or areas within its inspection responsibility.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “• None of the area in or around the immediate area of the incident is inspected by Cumberland Council as Highway Authority.”

    Source location

    Response from Cumberland Council
    Page 1 · response
    Published 13 June 2023

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent position was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    United Utilities is responsible for the defective water and sewerage systems contributing to standing water and has repaired and is monitoring them.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “With this in mind, the Highways Department had commenced work to install additional drainage in this area to further prevent standing water. Subsequent to that work commencing, information was received from United Utilities and it would appear that their water/sewerage systems may have been defective and contributed to the standing water. United Utilities have confirmed it has now been repaired and is currently being monitored by them. Should the problem reappear, we will take further action as required.”

    Source location

    Response from Cumberland Council
    Page 2 · response
    Published 13 June 2023

    Open published response
  4. Mid Kent and Medway

    AI-generated summary

    Josie Archer-Smith · Prevention of Future Deaths report

    This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.

    Report summary

    Josie Archer-Smith died on 31 October 2020 from traumatic injuries sustained when the vehicle in which she was travelling as a front seat passenger lost control and collided with a stationary vehicle on the M20. The location had experienced previous collisions apparently associated with water or aquaplaning, and police identified concerns about water running across the carriageway and the need to investigate possible remedial works.

    Read the report on judiciary.uk

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Failure of road drainage to prevent water running across the carriageway

    Wider context from the report

    “The M20, a dual lane motorway, at the location where the collision took place has had a number of collisions occur which appear to have been caused by water/aquaplaning. Investigating police from the Serious Collisions Investigation unit commented that they are aware that this location is a problem in heavy weather and have attended collisions at this location in the past. The crash location is at the bottom of an incline on the M20 motorway which normally would not cause an issue, however the road also has a camber which causes water to run across the carriageway rather than draining into either the central reservation of the drain on the hard shoulder. The police officer believes that it is when this heavy water is running across the carriageway that there is an issue which does require further investigation as to any remedial works that can be completed to prevent any further fatal/serious injury collisions. ”

    Source location

    Josie Archer-Smith · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 2 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Jet and survey the London-bound drainage system to improve drainage efficiency and identify remedial requirements.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “In the days immediately following the collision, and then over a period of approximately 18 months (as road space booking allowed for the lane closures) National Highways staff and our contractors carried out the following actions:”

    Source location

    Response from National Highways Limited
    Page 2 · response
    Published 19 December 2022

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Complete drainage remedial works, including cleaning channels, drains, gullies and catchpits, repairing drainage pitches, installing a drainage pipe and adding an asphalt kerb.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “• Remedial works carried out following a full CCTV drainage survey: ◦ Traffic management put in place to carry out the works:”

    Source location

    Response from National Highways Limited
    Page 2 · response
    Published 19 December 2022

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Deliver the M20 Medway and Allington Deck Refurbishment scheme, including carriageway refurbishment and higher-grip, faster-draining Hot Rolled Asphalt surfacing.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “The M20 Medway and Allington Deck Refurbishment scheme is due to be delivered between June and July 2023 at an estimated cost of £3 million.”

    Source location

    Response from National Highways Limited
    Page 3 · response
    Published 19 December 2022

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Replace the distributor road’s vehicle restraint system and drainage as part of the refurbishment scheme.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “The M20 Medway and Allington Deck Refurbishment scheme is due to be delivered between June and July 2023 at an estimated cost of £3 million.”

    Source location

    Response from National Highways Limited
    Page 3 · response
    Published 19 December 2022

    Open published response
  5. Cornwall and Isles of Scilly

    AI-generated summary

    Ryan Gareth TAYLOR · Prevention of Future Deaths report

    This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.

    Report summary

    Ryan Gareth TAYLOR died after his vehicle lost control and collided with another vehicle while aquaplaning on converging surface water during heavy rain. The principal concerns were that road drainage allowed surface water from Coliza Hill to converge with water on the A390, a similar aquaplaning incident had occurred previously, and feasible drainage improvements had not yet been implemented.

    Read the report on judiciary.uk

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Failure to implement feasible road drainage improvements

    Wider context from the report

    “(1) During periods of heavy rainfall surface water from the adjoining road known as Coliza Hill is likely to converge with surface water on the A390 in the vicinity of where Ryan initially lost control of his car. (2) A rear wheel drive car had been involved in an aquaplaning incident at the same location in similar conditions, four years before this collision. (3) Improvements to road drainage are feasible in this particular location but have not yet been implemented. These improvements may diminish the risks of vehicles aquaplaning due to converging surface water. ”

    Source location

    Ryan Gareth TAYLOR · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 3 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Converging surface water on the A390 during heavy rainfall

    Wider context from the report

    “(1) During periods of heavy rainfall surface water from the adjoining road known as Coliza Hill is likely to converge with surface water on the A390 in the vicinity of where Ryan initially lost control of his car. (2) A rear wheel drive car had been involved in an aquaplaning incident at the same location in similar conditions, four years before this collision. (3) Improvements to road drainage are feasible in this particular location but have not yet been implemented. These improvements may diminish the risks of vehicles aquaplaning due to converging surface water. ”

    Source location

    Ryan Gareth TAYLOR · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 3 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Improve drainage by installing combined kerb drainage, additional surface-water gullies, and increased carrier-drain capacity.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “Significant improvements have now been made to the drainage in the area of Mr Taylor’s accident, at a cost of approximately £370,000. Nearly 500m of combined kerb drainage has been installed, along with additional surface water gullies. The capacity of over 400m of the underlying carrier drains has been increased accordingly to take the additional water flow.”

    Source location

    Response from Cormac and Cornwall Council
    Page 1 · response
    Published 4 January 2023

    Open published response
  6. Cornwall and Isles of Scilly

    AI-generated summary

    Ryan Gareth TAYLOR · Prevention of Future Deaths report

    This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.

    Report summary

    Ryan Gareth TAYLOR died after losing control of his Jaguar XF when surface water converged on the A390 during heavy rain, causing aquaplaning and a collision. The principal concerns were inadequate road drainage, a previous similar aquaplaning incident at the same location, and feasible drainage improvements that had not yet been implemented.

    Read the report on judiciary.uk

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Converging surface water on the A390 during heavy rainfall

    Wider context from the report

    “(1) During periods of heavy rainfall surface water from the adjoining road known as Coliza Hill is likely to converge with surface water on the A390 in the vicinity of where Ryan initially lost control of his car. (2) A rear wheel drive car had been involved in an aquaplaning incident at the same location in similar conditions, four years before this collision. (3) Improvements to road drainage are feasible in this particular location but have not yet been implemented. These improvements may diminish the risks of vehicles aquaplaning due to converging surface water. ”

    Source location

    Ryan Gareth TAYLOR · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 3 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Failure to implement feasible road drainage improvements

    Wider context from the report

    “(1) During periods of heavy rainfall surface water from the adjoining road known as Coliza Hill is likely to converge with surface water on the A390 in the vicinity of where Ryan initially lost control of his car. (2) A rear wheel drive car had been involved in an aquaplaning incident at the same location in similar conditions, four years before this collision. (3) Improvements to road drainage are feasible in this particular location but have not yet been implemented. These improvements may diminish the risks of vehicles aquaplaning due to converging surface water. ”

    Source location

    Ryan Gareth TAYLOR · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 3 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Erect warning signs on both approaches alerting drivers to possible surface water on the road ahead.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “• Signs will shortly be erected on both approaches warning of the possibility of surface water on the road ahead. This is an interim measure pending more substantial improvement.”

    Source location

    2021-0176-Response-from-CORMAC_Published
    Page 1 · response
    Published 27 May 2021

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Replace existing Coliza Hill slip-road gully grids with larger-capacity gratings.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “• The existing gully grids on the Coliza Hill slip road will be replaced with larger capacity gratings. This is scheduled to take place in October, in combination with maintenance work programmed after the summer road works embargo period.”

    Source location

    2021-0176-Response-from-CORMAC_Published
    Page 1 · response
    Published 27 May 2021

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Undertake detailed drainage and topographical surveys of the main road alignment.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “• Detailed drainage and topographical surveys will be undertaken on the main road alignment, again in combination with the scheduled maintenance work in October.”

    Source location

    2021-0176-Response-from-CORMAC_Published
    Page 1 · response
    Published 27 May 2021

    Open published response
  7. West Sussex

    AI-generated summary

    Saeid Hedayat · Prevention of Future Deaths report

    This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.

    Report summary

    Saeid Hedayat lost control of his vehicle on the B2112 after encountering floodwater caused by a blocked drain, and the vehicle overturned, causing multiple injuries. He suffered a hypoxic brain injury and died. Concerns included risk assessments that did not account for recurring zone 1 drain blockages, were not regularly reviewed, and did not respond to relevant flooding reports, as well as the absence of warning signs despite recurring road flooding.

    Read the report on judiciary.uk

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Recurring zone 1 drain blockages from debris and silt

    Wider context from the report

    “(4) I found that drain numbered B9913 was blocked on a regular basis due to debris and silt collecting in zone 1. There are no warning signs (temporary or permanent) drawing drivers’ attention to the flood risk despite this. I heard evidence that signs would not normally be installed unless the highways authority were not able to immediately resolve the flooding if they attended. This approach does not appear to adequately deal with the risks posed where road flooding occurs regularly due to a zone 1 blockage. ”

    Source location

    Saeid Hedayat · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 2 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Operate and periodically optimise a countywide, risk-based gully-cleansing programme using silt, flooding and cleansing data.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “At the start of our current Term Maintenance Contract (which commenced 1st July 2011) we worked with our contractor to develop an annual, county wide gully cleansing programme. To do this historical WSCC information regarding gully cleansing, silt levels and treatment intervals were assessed and an optimised cleansing programme developed. This approach involved looking at where flood events have occurred and, where silt levels in gullies have historically been high, arranging for these gullies to be cleaned more regularly than those in areas not prone to flooding and with historically low levels of silt.”

    Source location

    2019-0327-Response-by-West-Sussex-County-Council
    Page 1 · response
    Published 8 November 2019

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Record Zone 1 blockages as obstructions before cleansing and include them in cleansing-data and defect reporting.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “Moving forward, WSCC has now adopted the approach of recording Zone 1 blockages where the contractor is undertaking the cleansing programme. It will be logged as the asset being “obstructed prior to cleanse” and will be reported back with all other cleansing data and defects. This data, in addition to any recorded customer enquiries, will give enhanced data which will help identify areas where we might have ongoing zone 1 blockages and thus help address the Coroner’s concern.”

    Source location

    2019-0327-Response-by-West-Sussex-County-Council
    Page 2 · response
    Published 8 November 2019

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent position was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Officer assessment of flooding reports, ad hoc cleansing, and use of recorded data are considered sufficient to address drainage risks and inform future optimisation.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “Flooding incidents are not necessarily caused by blocked gullies. When we receive a report of a flooding incident where water is slow to drain, then an officer will attend site and assess the likely cause. There may not be any evidence of an issue and in this case the contractor may not be asked to attend. For example, where there has been an exceptional severe weather event and the gully and drainage system did not have the capacity to cope with the deluge. If an officer visits the site and the gully is silted they will arrange for our contractor to attend site and undertake an ad hoc cleanse. Whenever our contractor attends site for cleansing or jetting outside of the cleansing programme (i.e. when data is recorded as ‘Ad-Hoc’) if the level of silt recorded is above 50% then this would factor into the optimisation of the frequency of cleansing going forward.”

    Source location

    2019-0327-Response-by-West-Sussex-County-Council
    Page 3 · response
    Published 8 November 2019

    Open published response
  8. Gloucestershire

    AI-generated summary

    Ray Ronald Westlake and Barry Malcolm Clow · Prevention of Future Deaths report

    This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.

    Report summary

    On 9 December 2018, Barry Malcolm Clow lost control of his car on the A424 near Upper Rissington and collided with another vehicle; Ray Ronald Westlake, a passenger in the other vehicle, and Mr Clow died at the scene from their injuries. The concern was that standing and running water regularly overwhelmed roadside drainage on this stretch of road, with no warning signs for the potential for flooding, putting future motorists' lives at risk.

    Read the report on judiciary.uk

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Failure of roadside drainage to prevent standing and running water on the A424

    Wider context from the report

    “The evidence that I heard was that it had been raining on that day and there were large areas of standing water and running water throughout this stretch of the A424. I am told that there are features in the side of the road (grips) which are dug out to encourage the water to run away but these are regularly overwhelmed. The evidence from other motorists and local residents is that this is a significant problem for motorists, especially those who do not know this stretch of road. Whilst it may not be possible to ensure that the water runs away I was surprised as was the Police Collision Investigator that there were no signs warning motorists for the potential for this area to flood. I am concerned that if this situation continues, future lives will be put at risk in the same way. ”

    Source location

    Ray Ronald Westlake and Barry Malcolm Clow · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 1 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this respondent position was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    The site was not considered to have an established flooding or drainage problem, based on only one slight prior incident and no subsequent reports.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “Prior to receipt of your report, Gloucestershire County Council was not aware that flooding was as an issue at that location which was already furnished with roadside ‘grips’ to aid drainage. We had not been informed of any incidents of flooding at that location by motorists or residents and have not received any reports of flooding since. In the 10 years prior to 9/12/18, Gloucestershire County Council had received only one report of a “slight” road traffic accident on 28 July 2018 that involved some surface water in the general vicinity of where the 9/12/18 incident took place. This incident followed what was described as a “dramatic rain storm” that led to temporary presence of surface water on the highway.”

    Source location

    2019-0170-Response-from-Gloucestershire-Highways_Redacted
    Page 1 · response
    Published 2 August 2019

    Open published response
  9. Dorset

    AI-generated summary

    Richard Geoffrey Phillips · Prevention of Future Deaths report

    This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.

    Report summary

    Richard Geoffrey Phillips died at the scene after a car lost control on ice while he was riding his motorcycle on the B3091 on 19 December 2017. The concerns identified included poor drainage of surface water, ice forming on the carriageway, and the maintenance and condition of the road and its verges.

    Read the report on judiciary.uk

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Failure of surface-water drainage on the road stretch

    Wider context from the report

    “2. I have concerns with regard to the following: a) The collision investigation officer from Dorset Police expressed concern in relation to the poor drainage of surface water on this particular stretch of road. My attention was drawn to four draining gullies within 150 metres of the scene, two on each side of the road. As the water flows down the southbound side of the road it does not flow into the gulley but due to the camber of the road the water crosses over the centre of the road and flows down the centre of the road before flowing on to the opposite carriageway. On the nearside of the opposite carriageway is another drainage gulley which contains a gridded metal drain which was (at the time) largely obscured and overgrown by grass. The water once again bypasses this gulley. It is this surface water which has frozen at the time of the accident. At least 2 of the gullies which could drain the water away from the carriageway appear redundant. The positioning of these gullies are questionable. b) Maintenance of the road and its verges. ”

    Source location

    Richard Geoffrey Phillips · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 2 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Resurface the B3091, adjusting the road camber to improve drainage and reduce surface water.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “The accident took place on the section of the B3091 that has subsequently been resurfaced.”

    Source location

    2019-0165-Response-by-Dorset-Council
    Page 1 · response
    Published 29 July 2019

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Clean the drainage system serving the affected highway section.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “The drainage system has been cleaned recently but we will react to any blockages that are reported to us by the public or staff locally.”

    Source location

    2019-0165-Response-by-Dorset-Council
    Page 1 · response
    Published 29 July 2019

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent position was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Existing resurfacing improvements are considered sufficient, so no further work is planned at this location for the time being.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “The highway in question is affected by run off from neighbouring properties and springs. As a result of these issues there will always be some surface water on the carriageway but the improvements we have made will reduce it as much as is reasonably possible.”

    Source location

    2019-0165-Response-by-Dorset-Council
    Page 1 · response
    Published 29 July 2019

    Open published response
  10. Exeter and Greater Devon

    AI-generated summary

    Darren Richard Trewin · Prevention of Future Deaths report

    This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.

    Report summary

    On 31 January 2017, Darren Richard Trewin was fatally injured when the car he was driving left the A30 after encountering water flowing across the carriageway from a partially blocked drain and collided with a roadside barrier. Concerns related to the drain’s ability to capture heavy rainfall and the possible need to extend the nearside barrier to reduce the risk of vehicles leaving the carriageway.

    Read the report on judiciary.uk

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Inadequate carriageway drainage capacity for heavy rain

    Wider context from the report

    “(1) The drain in the central reservation was partially blocked with detritus washed from the road. The drain therefore could not take all the water from the heavy rain showers resulting in the water cascading across the carriageway contributing to the collision. Highways engineers who attended the Inquest were of the view that the grating on the drain should be changed to capture more water and the drains inspected more frequently and an additional drain, located above the drain that blocked should be created to assist with the capture of excess water from heavy rain. ”

    Source location

    Darren Richard Trewin · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 2 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this individual concern was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Failure to keep central reservation drainage clear

    Wider context from the report

    “(1) The drain in the central reservation was partially blocked with detritus washed from the road. The drain therefore could not take all the water from the heavy rain showers resulting in the water cascading across the carriageway contributing to the collision. Highways engineers who attended the Inquest were of the view that the grating on the drain should be changed to capture more water and the drains inspected more frequently and an additional drain, located above the drain that blocked should be created to assist with the capture of excess water from heavy rain. ”

    Source location

    Darren Richard Trewin · Prevention of Future Deaths report
    Page 2 · concerns

    Open source report

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Provide temporary sandbag mitigation to direct excess rainwater into the gully and away from the carriageway.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “Immediately after the collision we provided temporary mitigation by placing sand bags on the downhill side of the gully grating to ensure that any excess flow of rainwater was directed into the gully and away from the carriageway.”

    Source location

    2018-0138-Response-by-Highway-England
    Page 1 · response
    Published 1 July 2018

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Install an additional gully adjacent to the existing gully to increase rainwater interception and prevent water reaching the carriageway.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “An additional gully has been installed adjacent to the existing gully at the end of the drainage channel to increase the efficiency of rainwater interception and prevent water from reaching the carriageway. This work was completed on 16 June 2018. This gully will be subject to the same maintenance regime as described above.”

    Source location

    2018-0138-Response-by-Highway-England
    Page 1 · response
    Published 1 July 2018

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Design and construct a further gully approximately 100 metres uphill to increase drainage capacity and reduce water reaching the lower gully.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “A further gully will be installed approximately 100 metres uphill of the end of the drainage channel referred to in point 3a. above. This will further increase surface water drainage capacity and reduce the amount of water reaching the existing lower gully. This piece of work is currently in the design process and will be constructed by the end of September 2018.”

    Source location

    2018-0138-Response-by-Highway-England
    Page 2 · response
    Published 1 July 2018

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Conduct a wider drainage study with detailed modelling to identify further work mitigating the risk of a similar collision.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “A wider drainage study at the location (from the top to the bottom of the hill) has commenced and is due for completion this financial year (2018/19). The study will require detailed modelling to determine if there is any other work that can be undertaken to further mitigate the risk of a similar collision.”

    Source location

    2018-0138-Response-by-Highway-England
    Page 2 · response
    Published 1 July 2018

    Open published response

    Source evidence

    How this respondent action was interpreted

    PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

    PFD Monitor interpretation

    Flag the location as a flooding hotspot and conduct weekly inspections with material removal or service-provider intervention when required.

    Verbatim wording from the response

    “The location was flagged and recorded as a flooding ‘hotspot’ immediately after the incident. This ensures that the location is subjected to a weekly inspection by Highways England (HE) inspectors. If the inspector sees any material that may have the potential to compromise the gully operation it is removed at the time if possible. If the matter cannot be dealt with by HE inspectors at the time, our service provider (Ringway Infrastructure Services Limited) is called in to undertake more substantial operations to ensure the gully operates as designed. The time period for response from the service provider is dependent upon a combination of the nature of the problem, weather conditions at the time and the immediate weather forecast.”

    Source location

    2018-0138-Response-by-Highway-England
    Page 1 · response
    Published 1 July 2018

    Open published response
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Data last updated 7 September 2026