Recurring concern

Failure to provide protective mechanisms for children at risk from adults

First to latest report 15 Sep 2022 — 1 May 2026

Reports that mention this concern: 3
Times this concern has been raised: 4
Stated actions linked to this concern: 9

What this concern includes

Includes failures to establish, operate or provide a dedicated protective mechanism for protecting children or young people from an adult who presents a known or identified safeguarding risk, including post-sentence offender-register or equivalent arrangements and young-person-specific protective notices or restrictions.

What is not included

Excludes generic child-safeguarding assessment, referral, investigation or care failures where no dedicated protective mechanism against an identified adult risk is involved.
Excludes general offender registration, supervision or rehabilitation failures where protection of children from an identified adult risk is not the safety purpose.
Excludes ordinary family, school or community safeguarding support without a specific protective mechanism, restriction or register intended to protect children from an adult risk.
Excludes protective measures for adults, prisoners or other beneficiaries unless the assertion explicitly concerns the same child-protection mechanism.

Trends

Reports over time

Reports mentioning this concern, over time

Reports about this concern issued each year.

* 2026 is projected from reports observed to 7 Sep 2026.

Most frequent recipients

Reports about this concern sent to each recipient.

College of Policing2

Home Office2

Metropolitan Police Service2

National Police Chiefs’ Council2

Department for Education1

Department of Health and Social Care1

Haleon UK Trading Limited1

National Crime Agency1

Reports and published responses 3 reports

See individual reports that have raised this concern, and the actions taken in response

1 May2026
Inner South London
Concerns raised1
1. Lack of specific protection for young people against adults creating safeguarding risks
This report raised 6 other concerns. They are not shown here because they do not form part of this recurring concern.
Linked responses

Home Office
National Police Chiefs’ Council
Stated actions 2
1. Home Office
  Keep the child-exploitation disruption framework under review to support coordinated safeguarding and information sharing.
2. National Police Chiefs’ Council
  Promote disruption as a safeguarding intervention through NPCC conferences and learning events.
Respondent positions 2
1. National Police Chiefs’ Council
  The legal framework provides no direct adult equivalent to a CAWN or nationally adopted young person’s abuse warning notice.
  Unable to act
1. National Police Chiefs’ Council
  No equivalent adult protection notice to a CAWN or nationally adopted young person's abuse warning notice currently exists within the divided legal framework.
  Unable to act
AI-generated summary

Natasha Hill · Prevention of Future Deaths report

This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.

Report summary

Natasha Hill, who had been in care and was experiencing grooming, exploitation, self-harm, substance misuse and domestic violence, was pronounced dead at her abuser’s home in the early hours of 15 April 2018. The jury concluded that she was unlawfully killed by her abuser. The report raised concerns about safeguarding during the transition to adulthood, protection from exploitation and domestic abuse, and coordination of relevant policing and safeguarding policies.

Read the report on judiciary.uk
Source evidence
How this individual concern was interpreted
PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.
PFD Monitor interpretation
Lack of specific protection for young people against adults creating safeguarding risks
Wider context from the report
“• Thought should be given to the creation of a young person's protection by way of creation of an extension to the CAWN for the young person, against the adult creating that safeguarding risk e.g. young person's abuse warning notice. ”
Source location
Natasha Hill · Prevention of Future Deaths report
Page 3 · concerns
Open source report
Source evidence

How this respondent action was interpreted

PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

PFD Monitor interpretation
Keep the child-exploitation disruption framework under review to support coordinated safeguarding and information sharing.

Verbatim wording from the response
“in the Home Office’s Child Exploitation Disruption Toolkit [See more here: https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/child-exploitation-disruption-toolkit].”

Source location
Response from Home Office
Page 2 · response
Published 14 August 2026
Open published response
Source evidence

How this respondent action was interpreted

PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

PFD Monitor interpretation
Promote disruption as a safeguarding intervention through NPCC conferences and learning events.

Verbatim wording from the response
“conferences and learning events have promoted the use of disruption as a safeguarding intervention, encouraging agencies to move beyond reactive measures and develop coordinated, preventative responses to perpetrators and exploitation networks.”

Source location
Response from NPCC
Page 5 · response
Published 14 August 2026
Open published response
Source evidence

How this respondent position was interpreted

PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

PFD Monitor interpretation
The legal framework provides no direct adult equivalent to a CAWN or nationally adopted young person’s abuse warning notice.

Verbatim wording from the response
“Child Abduction Warning Notice (CAWN) is, by design, a child protection tool and ceases to apply once the young person reaches 18. The DHR demonstrates how this created a significant safeguarding gap: the risk posed by the perpetrator remained unchanged, but one of the key disruption mechanisms available to agencies fell away when Natasha became an adult.”

Source location
Response from National Police Chiefs Council
Page 5 · response
Published 14 August 2026
Open published response
Source evidence

How this respondent position was interpreted

PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

PFD Monitor interpretation
No equivalent adult protection notice to a CAWN or nationally adopted young person's abuse warning notice currently exists within the divided legal framework.

Verbatim wording from the response
“Child Abduction Warning Notice (CAWN) is, by design, a child protection tool and ceases to apply once the young person reaches 18. The DHR demonstrates how this created a significant safeguarding gap: the risk posed by the perpetrator remained unchanged, but one of the key disruption mechanisms available to agencies fell away when Natasha became an adult.”

Source location
Response from NPCC
Page 5 · response
Published 14 August 2026
Open published response
25 Mar2026
Inner West London
Concerns raised1
1. A person who illicitly administered chlorpheniramine to a child continuing to work as a nanny
This report raised 6 other concerns. They are not shown here because they do not form part of this recurring concern.
No linked response statements
No respondent-stated action or position is linked to these concerns in the published data.
AI-generated summary

Name not published · Prevention of Future Deaths report

This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.

Report summary

A baby died unexpectedly at home on 15 January 2024, after being found unresponsive in a bassinet; chlorpheniramine was present in his blood and had probably been administered by the night nanny. The coroner reached an open conclusion, with expert evidence that the drug could possibly have caused or contributed to the death. Concerns included an inadequate scene examination, failure to seize feeding equipment or search relevant property, insufficient consideration of poisoning, and the lack of specific nanny regulation and guidance about chlorpheniramine.

Read the report on judiciary.uk
Source evidence
How this individual concern was interpreted
PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.
PFD Monitor interpretation
A person who illicitly administered chlorpheniramine to a child continuing to work as a nanny
Wider context from the report
“7. That a person whom the court found administered chlorpheniramine illicitly to a child and that administration possibly contributed to that child’s death is still working as a nanny. ”
Source location
Name not published · Prevention of Future Deaths report
Page 3 · concerns
Open source report
15 Sep2022
Bedfordshire and Luton
Concerns raised2
1. Lack of an offender register or equivalent protection for children from people convicted of cruelty against a child
2. Lack of proactive police information sharing to protect children from people convicted of violence or cruelty against a child
This report raised 2 other concerns. They are not shown here because they do not form part of this recurring concern.
Linked responses

College of Policing
Department of Health and Social Care
Home Office
National Police Chiefs’ Council
Stated actions 7
1. Home Office
  Continue considering options for implementing a domestic abuse offender register.
2. Home Office
  Share the independent review findings and consider the Government’s response, including implications for offence-based registers.
3. Home Office
  Continue considering the case for a child cruelty register within wider safeguarding policy discussions.
1. College of Policing and National Police Chiefs’ Council
  Update the Child Abuse APP within three months to clarify disclosure of relevant risk information to parents and carers of potentially endangered children.
2. Home Office
  Continue supporting domestic violence and child sex offender disclosure schemes through national guidance.
3. Home Office
  Consider improvements to information-sharing processes among agencies safeguarding children.
4. Home Office
  Lay a report before Parliament setting out policy on safeguarding information sharing by public authorities, including the feasibility of a consistent child identifier.
Respondent positions 2
1. Department of Health and Social Care
  Police and Home Office matters were addressed directly by those bodies, so this response does not undertake further work on them.
  Redirects responsibility
1. College of Policing and National Police Chiefs’ Council
  Existing statutory and common-law disclosure mechanisms provide routes for proactive and reactive sharing of risk information to safeguard children.
  Existing arrangements considered sufficient
AI-generated summary

Harper DENTON · Prevention of Future Deaths report

This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.

Report summary

Harper DENTON, aged one month, was unlawfully killed by her father, who had previously been convicted of violent offences against a two-year-old child. The inquest found that failures by state agencies to manage the continuing risk he posed contributed to her death. Concerns included police information-sharing and risk-management practices, the absence of an offender register for people convicted of cruelty offences against children, and the non-mandatory nature of full safeguarding assessments by health visitors.

Read the report on judiciary.uk
Source evidence
How this individual concern was interpreted
PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.
PFD Monitor interpretation
Lack of an offender register or equivalent protection for children from people convicted of cruelty against a child
Wider context from the report
“3. There is nothing today, such as form of Offender Register, to protect children from an individual who has already been convicted of a cruelty offence against a child and served their sentence. ”
Source location
Harper DENTON · Prevention of Future Deaths report
Page 2 · concerns
Open source report
Source evidence
How this individual concern was interpreted
PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below.
PFD Monitor interpretation
Lack of proactive police information sharing to protect children from people convicted of violence or cruelty against a child
Wider context from the report
“2. There appears to be a lacuna in pro-active information sharing practices by Police (similar to those found under Clare’s Law and Sarah’s Law) in order to protect children from those who may present a threat to them as a result of having previous convictions for violence/cruelty offences against a child - this concern is directed to the CEO College of Policing and the Chair of the NPCC. ”
Source location
Harper DENTON · Prevention of Future Deaths report
Page 2 · concerns
Open source report
Source evidence

How this respondent action was interpreted

PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

PFD Monitor interpretation
Continue considering options for implementing a domestic abuse offender register.

Verbatim wording from the response
“HM Government is continuing to consider options for better management of domestic abuse offenders. The Tackling Domestic Abuse Plan, published in April, committed to consider the implementation of a domestic abuse ‘register’ to deal with, and effectively manage, the most harmful perpetrators of such offences and reduce the risk they pose. It is anticipated that there will be overlap between those offenders who commit domestic”

Source location
Response from Home Office
Page 1 · response
Published 6 October 2022
Open published response
Source evidence

How this respondent action was interpreted

PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

PFD Monitor interpretation
Share the independent review findings and consider the Government’s response, including implications for offence-based registers.

Verbatim wording from the response
“It is now for Ministers to decide how the findings of the review will be shared and consider any response to the recommendations; including potential implications for work on the development of offence-based ‘registers’.”

Source location
Response from Home Office
Page 2 · response
Published 6 October 2022
Open published response
Source evidence

How this respondent action was interpreted

PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

PFD Monitor interpretation
Continue considering the case for a child cruelty register within wider safeguarding policy discussions.

Verbatim wording from the response
“In May, we welcomed the publication of the Independent Review of Children’s Social Care, and the Child Safeguarding Practice Review Panel’s national review ‘Child Protection in England’; while October saw the final report of the Independent Inquiry into Child Sexual Abuse in England and Wales. All three of those reviews make recommendations to Government on how to improve multi-agency working to strengthen child protection, and taken together provide us with an opportunity to consider how safeguarding can be improved in the round. The Government will be responding to the recommendations in those reviews in due course, and we will continue to consider the case for a child cruelty register in context of all ongoing policy discussions in this space.”

Source location
Response from Home Office
Page 2 · response
Published 6 October 2022
Open published response
Source evidence

How this respondent action was interpreted

PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

PFD Monitor interpretation
Update the Child Abuse APP within three months to clarify disclosure of relevant risk information to parents and carers of potentially endangered children.

Verbatim wording from the response
“College APP on child abuse refers to the powers of police to share information, and this includes employers and regulatory bodies. In response to your report the College will, in the next three months, update APP to make clear that disclosure can also be made to parents and / or carers of children who may be at risk of harm from a particular person.”

Source location
Response from National Police Chiefs' Council
Page 3 · response
Published 6 October 2022
Open published response
Source evidence

How this respondent action was interpreted

PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

PFD Monitor interpretation
Continue supporting domestic violence and child sex offender disclosure schemes through national guidance.

Verbatim wording from the response
“We are also continuing to support disclosure schemes through the provision of national guidance. The Domestic Violence Disclosure Scheme and the Child Sex Offender Disclosure Scheme both provide members of the public with a clear process to seek information from the police on individuals who may pose a risk of harm to children.”

Source location
Response from Home Office
Page 2 · response
Published 6 October 2022
Open published response
Source evidence

How this respondent action was interpreted

PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

PFD Monitor interpretation
Consider improvements to information-sharing processes among agencies safeguarding children.

Verbatim wording from the response
“We know information and data sharing between agencies is a challenge, and across Government we are actively considering how to improve relevant processes for operational partners. The Health and Social Care Act 2022 commits the Government to laying a report before Parliament in Summer 2023 setting out its policy on information sharing by public authorities for the purposes of safeguarding and promoting the welfare of children; including the feasibility of using a consistent child identifier.”

Source location
Response from Home Office
Page 2 · response
Published 6 October 2022
Open published response
Source evidence

How this respondent action was interpreted

PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

PFD Monitor interpretation
Lay a report before Parliament setting out policy on safeguarding information sharing by public authorities, including the feasibility of a consistent child identifier.

Verbatim wording from the response
“We know information and data sharing between agencies is a challenge, and across Government we are actively considering how to improve relevant processes for operational partners. The Health and Social Care Act 2022 commits the Government to laying a report before Parliament in Summer 2023 setting out its policy on information sharing by public authorities for the purposes of safeguarding and promoting the welfare of children; including the feasibility of using a consistent child identifier.”

Source location
Response from Home Office
Page 2 · response
Published 6 October 2022
Open published response
Source evidence

How this respondent position was interpreted

PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

PFD Monitor interpretation
Police and Home Office matters were addressed directly by those bodies, so this response does not undertake further work on them.

Verbatim wording from the response
“I am aware that the Police, as well as, the Home Office have responded to you directly on the relevant matters of concern. Therefore, this response focuses solely on your concern related to safeguarding assessments.”

Source location
Response from Department of Health and Social Care
Page 1 · response
Published 6 October 2022
Open published response
Source evidence

How this respondent position was interpreted

PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

PFD Monitor interpretation
Existing statutory and common-law disclosure mechanisms provide routes for proactive and reactive sharing of risk information to safeguard children.

Verbatim wording from the response
“Response Where policing becomes aware of a Potentially Dangerous Person, or any person who may pose a risk to a partner or their children, there is a well-developed legal framework to share information with a person considered to be at risk of harm, such as a new partner or the parent / carer of a vulnerable child.”

Source location
Response from National Police Chiefs' Council
Page 2 · response
Published 6 October 2022
Open published response

Actions and positions describe what organisations say in published responses. Implementation is not independently verified.

Data last updated 7 September 2026

What this concern includes

Trends

Reports mentioning this concern, over time

Concerns raised1

Lack of specific protection for young people against adults creating safeguarding risks

Linked responses

Stated actions An action is something a respondent says it has done, is doing, or plans to do in response to the concern raised.2

Respondent positions A position is what a respondent says about the concern when they do not describe a specific action.2

Concerns raised1

A person who illicitly administered chlorpheniramine to a child continuing to work as a nanny

Concerns raised2

Lack of an offender register or equivalent protection for children from people convicted of cruelty against a child

Lack of proactive police information sharing to protect children from people convicted of violence or cruelty against a child

Linked responses

Stated actions An action is something a respondent says it has done, is doing, or plans to do in response to the concern raised.7

Respondent positions A position is what a respondent says about the concern when they do not describe a specific action.2

Stated actions 2

Respondent positions 2

Stated actions 7

Respondent positions 2