23 Aug 2024 Amal Mohamed AHMED · Prevention of Future Deaths report Milton Keynes
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Concerns raised 5 Inadequate positioning and visibility of No Entry signage for wrong-way slip-road entry View source Frequent wrong-way driving down the slip road into oncoming traffic View source Slip-road geometry allowing wrong-way vehicles to enter and build up considerable speed View source Failure to maintain adequate visibility of road-surface No Entry markings at the slip-road junction View source Failure of commonly used satnav applications to provide unambiguous verbal directions at the junction View source See 2 more concerns
Responses linked to these concerns
Each statement is shown once, even when linked to more than one concern.
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AI-generated summary
Amal Mohamed AHMED · Prevention of Future Deaths report
This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.
Report summary
Amal Mohamed Ahmed died at the scene after entering the A5 southbound off slip road in the wrong direction and colliding head-on with another vehicle. The other vehicle’s driver later died in hospital, and a passenger suffered life-threatening injuries. The principal concern was that inadequate, poorly positioned and poorly visible signage and the unlit, wide junction allowed drivers to enter the slip road incorrectly; other drivers were observed making the same manoeuvre.
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× Source evidence
How this individual concern was interpreted PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below. The report was sent to Apple (UK) Limited; that does not assign responsibility.
PFD Monitor interpretation Inadequate positioning and visibility of No Entry signage for wrong-way slip-road entry
Wider context from the report “The exit point of the A5 "off" slip road at the Little Brickhill junction is wide. The signage indicating No Entry appears to be inadequate as there are two No Entry signs which are widely spaced at the junction. One is positioned to appear to forbid entry to the road over the bridge leading over the A5 and does not obviously relate to the slip road. The second is positioned such that it obliquely faces the road over the bridge and would not be visible to a driver turning right onto the slip road until they had completed the manoeuvre placing them at risk. There is a No Right Turn sign as the junction is approached. There is also No Entry in large white letters at the mouth of the slip road junction, however, this may be (1) obscured by vehicles leaving the slip road and (2) the junction is unlit and was said by a witness as being "pitch black". After the collision attention police officers saw three further vehicles perform exactly the same manoeuvre as Ms Ahmed and attempt to travel down the slip road in the wrong direction. Local residents have contacted police and claimed that it is a very common occurrence for drivers to mistakenly travel down the slip road in the wrong direction. The slip road is long and allows for the build up of considerable speed in turn facilitating what the police describe as a high energy impact. Following the collision, large temporary No Entry signs were positioned at the slip road junction. They were quickly removed apparently because the original signs were deemed to comply with necessary regulations. That seems wholly irrelevant to me because drivers are clearly commonly not seeing the signs because of the large numbers who mistakenly drive the wrong way onto the slip road. In my opinion, consideration should be given to alternative arrangements to prevent vehicles entering and travelling along the slip road in the wrong direction.
” Open source report × Source evidence
How this individual concern was interpreted PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below. The report was sent to Apple (UK) Limited; that does not assign responsibility.
PFD Monitor interpretation Frequent wrong-way driving down the slip road into oncoming traffic
Wider context from the report “I have made observations regarding the slip road at this junction in my initial pre-Inquest Report To Prevent Future Deaths dated the 21st December 2023.
National Highways undertook a number of immediate remedial measures to try to prevent drivers turning and travelling the wrong way down this slip road, including narrowing the "mouth" of the slip road to one lane, placement of very large temporary "No Entry" signs and placement of signs indicating "Do Not Use Satnav" at the site. CCTV monitoring of driver behaviour was commenced. Police activity and monitoring by National Highways showed that despite these measures, drivers were still turning early and attempting to drive the wrong way down the slip road . Further enquiries by the police and information volunteered by members of the public who made the same incorrect manoeuvre led to the finding that while the visual map display on commonly used satnav applications at this junction displayed the correct information, the verbal commands gave information likely to confuse and direct drivers down the wrong slip road into the path of oncoming traffic . This was observed to happen frequently.
” Open source report × Source evidence
How this individual concern was interpreted PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below. The report was sent to Apple (UK) Limited; that does not assign responsibility.
PFD Monitor interpretation Slip-road geometry allowing wrong-way vehicles to enter and build up considerable speed
Wider context from the report “The exit point of the A5 "off" slip road at the Little Brickhill junction is wide. The signage indicating No Entry appears to be inadequate as there are two No Entry signs which are widely spaced at the junction. One is positioned to appear to forbid entry to the road over the bridge leading over the A5 and does not obviously relate to the slip road. The second is positioned such that it obliquely faces the road over the bridge and would not be visible to a driver turning right onto the slip road until they had completed the manoeuvre placing them at risk. There is a No Right Turn sign as the junction is approached. There is also No Entry in large white letters at the mouth of the slip road junction, however, this may be (1) obscured by vehicles leaving the slip road and (2) the junction is unlit and was said by a witness as being "pitch black". After the collision attention police officers saw three further vehicles perform exactly the same manoeuvre as Ms Ahmed and attempt to travel down the slip road in the wrong direction. Local residents have contacted police and claimed that it is a very common occurrence for drivers to mistakenly travel down the slip road in the wrong direction. The slip road is long and allows for the build up of considerable speed in turn facilitating what the police describe as a high energy impact. Following the collision, large temporary No Entry signs were positioned at the slip road junction. They were quickly removed apparently because the original signs were deemed to comply with necessary regulations. That seems wholly irrelevant to me because drivers are clearly commonly not seeing the signs because of the large numbers who mistakenly drive the wrong way onto the slip road. In my opinion, consideration should be given to alternative arrangements to prevent vehicles entering and travelling along the slip road in the wrong direction.
” Open source report × Source evidence
How this individual concern was interpreted PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below. The report was sent to Apple (UK) Limited; that does not assign responsibility.
PFD Monitor interpretation Failure to maintain adequate visibility of road-surface No Entry markings at the slip-road junction
Wider context from the report “The exit point of the A5 "off" slip road at the Little Brickhill junction is wide. The signage indicating No Entry appears to be inadequate as there are two No Entry signs which are widely spaced at the junction. One is positioned to appear to forbid entry to the road over the bridge leading over the A5 and does not obviously relate to the slip road. The second is positioned such that it obliquely faces the road over the bridge and would not be visible to a driver turning right onto the slip road until they had completed the manoeuvre placing them at risk. There is a No Right Turn sign as the junction is approached. There is also No Entry in large white letters at the mouth of the slip road junction, however, this may be (1) obscured by vehicles leaving the slip road and (2) the junction is unlit and was said by a witness as being "pitch black". After the collision attention police officers saw three further vehicles perform exactly the same manoeuvre as Ms Ahmed and attempt to travel down the slip road in the wrong direction. Local residents have contacted police and claimed that it is a very common occurrence for drivers to mistakenly travel down the slip road in the wrong direction. The slip road is long and allows for the build up of considerable speed in turn facilitating what the police describe as a high energy impact. Following the collision, large temporary No Entry signs were positioned at the slip road junction. They were quickly removed apparently because the original signs were deemed to comply with necessary regulations. That seems wholly irrelevant to me because drivers are clearly commonly not seeing the signs because of the large numbers who mistakenly drive the wrong way onto the slip road. In my opinion, consideration should be given to alternative arrangements to prevent vehicles entering and travelling along the slip road in the wrong direction.
” Open source report × Source evidence
How this individual concern was interpreted PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below. The report was sent to Apple (UK) Limited; that does not assign responsibility.
PFD Monitor interpretation Failure of commonly used satnav applications to provide unambiguous verbal directions at the junction
Wider context from the report “I have made observations regarding the slip road at this junction in my initial pre-Inquest Report To Prevent Future Deaths dated the 21st December 2023.
National Highways undertook a number of immediate remedial measures to try to prevent drivers turning and travelling the wrong way down this slip road, including narrowing the "mouth" of the slip road to one lane, placement of very large temporary "No Entry" signs and placement of signs indicating "Do Not Use Satnav" at the site. CCTV monitoring of driver behaviour was commenced. Police activity and monitoring by National Highways showed that despite these measures, drivers were still turning early and attempting to drive the wrong way down the slip road. Further enquiries by the police and information volunteered by members of the public who made the same incorrect manoeuvre led to the finding that while the visual map display on commonly used satnav applications at this junction displayed the correct information, the verbal commands gave information likely to confuse and direct drivers down the wrong slip road into the path of oncoming traffic . This was observed to happen frequently.
” Open source report
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Source evidence
How this respondent action was interpreted
PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.
PFD Monitor interpretation Add special voice guidance directing westbound drivers to continue straight at the overpass and turn right onto the A5 toward Milton Keynes and Bletchley.
Verbatim wording from the response “However, to ensure we were following the very best approach we are taking an additional measure to add the following special voice guidance for drivers heading past the A5 offramp toward the A5 onramp, which we intend will be live by the start of next week.
- Drivers heading past the A5 offramp toward the A5 onramp would be instructed to “Continue straight at the overpass” (that will happen as they are traveling westward from the offramp).
- While on the overpass, drivers would be instructed to “Turn right onto A5 toward Milton Keynes, Bletchley.”” Source location Response from Apple
Open published response
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Source evidence
How this respondent position was interpreted
PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.
PFD Monitor interpretation Maps had no data or routing error that contributed to the deaths.
Verbatim wording from the response “We immediately investigated the concerns raised and found no data or routing error on Maps which would have contributed to these tragic events.” Source location Response from Apple
Open published response
22 Aug 2024 Tracey Julie HAYBITTLE · Prevention of Future Deaths report Milton Keynes
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Concerns raised 2 Failure of commonly used satnav applications to provide safe verbal directions at the junction View source Frequent wrong-way driving on the slip road View source
Responses linked to these concerns
Each statement is shown once, even when linked to more than one concern.
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AI-generated summary
Tracey Julie HAYBITTLE · Prevention of Future Deaths report
This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.
Report summary
Tracey Julie Haybittle died at the John Radcliffe Hospital after a head-on collision when another driver entered the wrong slip road at the Little Brickhill junction. The report raised concerns that verbal commands from commonly used satnav applications could confuse and direct drivers down the wrong slip road into oncoming traffic, and that this occurred frequently despite remedial measures.
Read the report on judiciary.uk
× Source evidence
How this individual concern was interpreted PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below. The report was sent to Apple (UK) Limited; that does not assign responsibility.
PFD Monitor interpretation Failure of commonly used satnav applications to provide safe verbal directions at the junction
Wider context from the report “I have made observations regarding the slip road at this junction in my initial pre-Inquest Report To Prevent Future Deaths dated the 21st December 2023 in respect of the linked case of Amal Mohamed Ahmood.
National Highways undertook a number of immediate remedial measures to try to prevent drivers turning and travelling the wrong way down this slip road, including narrowing the "mouth" of the slip road to one lane, placement of very large temporary "No Entry" signs and placement of signs indicating "Do Not Use Satnav" at the site. CCTV monitoring of driver behaviour was commenced. Police activity and monitoring by National Highways showed that despite these measures, drivers were still turning early and attempting to drive the wrong way down the slip road. Further enquiries by the police and information volunteered by members of the public who made the same incorrect manoeuvre led to the finding that while the visual map display on commonly used satnav applications at this junction displayed the correct information, the verbal commands gave information likely to confuse and direct drivers down the wrong slip road into the path of oncoming traffic . This was observed to happen frequently.
” Open source report × Source evidence
How this individual concern was interpreted PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below. The report was sent to Apple (UK) Limited; that does not assign responsibility.
PFD Monitor interpretation Frequent wrong-way driving on the slip road
Wider context from the report “I have made observations regarding the slip road at this junction in my initial pre-Inquest Report To Prevent Future Deaths dated the 21st December 2023 in respect of the linked case of Amal Mohamed Ahmood.
National Highways undertook a number of immediate remedial measures to try to prevent drivers turning and travelling the wrong way down this slip road, including narrowing the "mouth" of the slip road to one lane, placement of very large temporary "No Entry" signs and placement of signs indicating "Do Not Use Satnav" at the site. CCTV monitoring of driver behaviour was commenced. Police activity and monitoring by National Highways showed that despite these measures, drivers were still turning early and attempting to drive the wrong way down the slip road . Further enquiries by the police and information volunteered by members of the public who made the same incorrect manoeuvre led to the finding that while the visual map display on commonly used satnav applications at this junction displayed the correct information, the verbal commands gave information likely to confuse and direct drivers down the wrong slip road into the path of oncoming traffic. This was observed to happen frequently .
” Open source report
×
Source evidence
How this respondent action was interpreted
PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.
PFD Monitor interpretation Add special voice guidance instructing drivers to continue straight at the overpass and turn right onto the A5 toward Milton Keynes, Bletchley.
Verbatim wording from the response “However, to ensure we were following the very best approach we are taking an additional measure to add the following special voice guidance for drivers heading past the A5 offramp toward the A5 onramp, which we intend will be live by the start of next week.
- Drivers heading past the A5 offramp toward the A5 onramp would be instructed to “Continue straight at the overpass” (that will happen as they are travelling west toward the offramp).
- While on the overpass, drivers would be instructed to “Turn right onto A5 toward Milton Keynes, Bletchley.”” Source location Response from Apple
Open published response
×
Source evidence
How this respondent position was interpreted
PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.
PFD Monitor interpretation Maps had no data or routing error that contributed to the deaths.
Verbatim wording from the response “We immediately investigated the concerns raised and found no data or routing error on Maps which would have contributed to these tragic events.” Source location Response from Apple
Open published response
10 May 2017 Richard Anthony Bull · Prevention of Future Deaths report West London
View report summary
Concerns raised 1 Lack of awareness of the risks of phone chargers in contact with water View source
Responses linked to these concerns
Each statement is shown once, even when linked to more than one concern.
No linked response statements No action or position from this recipient is clearly linked to the concerns in this report.
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AI-generated summary
Richard Anthony Bull · Prevention of Future Deaths report
This summary was generated using AI from the published report. Please read the original report for the complete account.
Report summary
Richard Anthony Bull was discovered deceased by his wife in the bath at home, holding an iPhone connected to a charger plugged into a socket in the hall. The family expressed concern that phone chargers were not perceived as risky items when in contact with water and that warnings should be highlighted.
Read the report on judiciary.uk
× Source evidence
How this individual concern was interpreted PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below. The report was sent to Apple (UK) Limited; that does not assign responsibility.
PFD Monitor interpretation Lack of awareness of the risks of phone chargers in contact with water
Wider context from the report “1. The family expressed concern that phone chargers were not perceived to be risky items even in contact with water and that warnings should be highlighted in this respect.
” Open source report
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Information checked against published PFD reports and official responses · Data reviewed 7 Sep 2026 · About data quality and limitations