PFD report

Rebekah Arter · Prevention of Future Deaths report

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Issued 19 Sep 2025•South London

Report record

Published report and response evidence

This page connects the concerns raised in this report with statements found in recipients’ published responses. A link shows a clear evidence connection; it does not assign responsibility.

View original report
Concerns
2

Raised in this report

Recipients
4

Named on the report

Responses found
3

Of 4 recipients

Stated actions
22

Described in responses

Source document

Full report text

This is the full text from the original published report.

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Concerns and recipient responses

Select any concern, action or position to view the source wording.

Report evidence summary

Concerns raised2

  1. Failure to consider domestic abuse risk at police dismissal
    Part of recurring concern: Failure to reliably recognise and assess domestic abuse risks
  2. Failure of investigations to identify victims of domestic abuse and coercive control
    Part of recurring concern: Failure to recognise and respond to coercive and controlling behaviourPart of recurring concern: Unreliable domestic abuse investigations
Responses linked to these concerns

Each statement is shown once, even when linked to more than one concern.

Actions described in response An action is something a recipient says it has done, is doing, or plans to do in response to a concern raised.5

  1. Action

    Update and strengthen safeguarding procedures.

    Stated by Independent Office for Police ConductStated completedThe respondent said that this action was complete when they made their response on 3 July 2026.
  2. Action

    Review whether guidance needs additional content on risk assessments for spouses and intimate partners.

    Stated by Independent Office for Police ConductStated plannedThe respondent said that this action was planned when they made their response on 3 July 2026.
  3. Action

    Create and operate the Domestic Abuse and Sexual Offences Investigation Unit with specialist investigation teams and victim-support capacity.

    Stated by Metropolitan Police ServiceStated completedThe respondent said that this action was complete when they made their response on 3 July 2026.

Respondent positions A position is what a recipient says about a concern when it does not describe a specific action.1

  1. Position

    No specific risk to Rebekah was apparent because no domestic abuse allegations or concerning evidence had been reported to or identified by the IOPC.

    Stated by Independent Office for Police ConductDisputes the concernThe respondent disagreed with part of the concern or the basis for it.

Source evidence

How this individual concern was interpreted

PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below. Response links show a clear evidence connection; they do not assign responsibility.

PFD Monitor interpretation

Failure to consider domestic abuse risk at police dismissal

Wider context from the report

“That there may have been missed opportunities for the IOPC and Metropolitan Police Service from their investigations to identify that Rebekah was a victim of domestic abuse and coercive control, which would have enabled her to be protected. This is illustrated by these facts: • That Rebekah had met her husband initially as a victim of a crime. • That police investigations uncovered a large number of women with whom he had inappropriate relationships and that he misused his police powers. • That he was dismissed from the police for drug offences in May 2023, but the risk to Rebekah was not apparently considered at that time. • A witness has alleged that a video was sent by him of Rebekah ████████ which the family allege was used to shame and enforce control over her, allegedly in 2023. • A history of her having unexplained repeated bruises and injuries was available in 2024 to anyone who enquired about the risk of domestic abuse. • ████████ • That in retrospect it is recognised by a Detective Chief Inspector that he was an exceptionally persistent and damaging offender against women, but no charges in relation to that had ever been brought. The coroner did not accept submissions from the family that the inquest engaged Article 2 of the European Convention on Human Rights and ruled that details of the seven years of conduct investigations were beyond the scope of the inquest. ”

Is this part of a recurring concern?

Yes — Failure to reliably recognise and assess domestic abuse risks.

Open source report

Source evidence

How this individual concern was interpreted

PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below. Response links show a clear evidence connection; they do not assign responsibility.

PFD Monitor interpretation

Failure of investigations to identify victims of domestic abuse and coercive control

Wider context from the report

“That there may have been missed opportunities for the IOPC and Metropolitan Police Service from their investigations to identify that Rebekah was a victim of domestic abuse and coercive control, which would have enabled her to be protected. This is illustrated by these facts: • That Rebekah had met her husband initially as a victim of a crime. • That police investigations uncovered a large number of women with whom he had inappropriate relationships and that he misused his police powers. • That he was dismissed from the police for drug offences in May 2023, but the risk to Rebekah was not apparently considered at that time. • A witness has alleged that a video was sent by him of Rebekah ████████ which the family allege was used to shame and enforce control over her, allegedly in 2023. • A history of her having unexplained repeated bruises and injuries was available in 2024 to anyone who enquired about the risk of domestic abuse. • ████████ • That in retrospect it is recognised by a Detective Chief Inspector that he was an exceptionally persistent and damaging offender against women, but no charges in relation to that had ever been brought. The coroner did not accept submissions from the family that the inquest engaged Article 2 of the European Convention on Human Rights and ruled that details of the seven years of conduct investigations were beyond the scope of the inquest. ”

Is this part of a recurring concern?

Yes — Failure to recognise and respond to coercive and controlling behaviour; Unreliable domestic abuse investigations.

Open source report

Source evidence

How this respondent action was interpreted

PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

PFD Monitor interpretation

Update and strengthen safeguarding procedures.

Verbatim wording from the response

“While we do not think a specific risk to Rebekah was apparent from the information available to the IOPC, we wish to reassure you that the IOPC has robust safeguarding procedures in place, which were updated and strengthened in 2024. We will take this opportunity to review whether any additional content to this guidance would be appropriate in respect of risk assessments for spouses and intimate partners.”

Source location

Response from Independent Office for Police Complaints
Page 7 · response
Published 3 July 2026

Open published response

Source evidence

How this respondent action was interpreted

PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

PFD Monitor interpretation

Review whether guidance needs additional content on risk assessments for spouses and intimate partners.

Verbatim wording from the response

“While we do not think a specific risk to Rebekah was apparent from the information available to the IOPC, we wish to reassure you that the IOPC has robust safeguarding procedures in place, which were updated and strengthened in 2024. We will take this opportunity to review whether any additional content to this guidance would be appropriate in respect of risk assessments for spouses and intimate partners.”

Source location

Response from Independent Office for Police Complaints
Page 7 · response
Published 3 July 2026

Open published response

Source evidence

How this respondent action was interpreted

PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

PFD Monitor interpretation

Create and operate the Domestic Abuse and Sexual Offences Investigation Unit with specialist investigation teams and victim-support capacity.

Verbatim wording from the response

“DASO – this was created in early 2022 in response to the cases relating to former Police Constables ████████ and ████████, a unique reactive department committed to investigating Police-Perpetrated Domestic Abuse (PPDA) and Sexual”

Source location

Response from Metropolitan Police
Page 4 · response
Published 3 July 2026

Open published response

Source evidence

How this respondent action was interpreted

PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

PFD Monitor interpretation

Operate the Integrity Assurance Unit to risk-assess personnel with adverse judicial findings or adverse information and impose risk-management measures where necessary.

Verbatim wording from the response

“The Integrity Assurance Unit (IAU) manages officers or staff who are the subject of an Adverse Judicial Finding (AJF), evidentially tainted by virtue of a criminal or misconduct outcome or in respect of whom adverse information is held. The IAU will ensure that such officers or staff are risk assessed and handled fairly to protect both the individual, the public and the organisation. This is achieved by holistically reviewing all known information and, where applicable convening a management meeting to decide on whether Risk Management Measures need to be imposed to manage the risk presented by the taint, AJF or adverse information. The IAU oversees disclosure requirements associated with taint and maintains confidential records.”

Source location

Response from Metropolitan Police
Page 8 · response
Published 3 July 2026

Open published response

Source evidence

How this respondent action was interpreted

PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

PFD Monitor interpretation

Provide £13.1 million to establish a National Centre for VAWG and Public Protection.

Verbatim wording from the response

“I am very sorry to hear about the experiences Rebekah went through as a victim of domestic and sexual abuse, as noted in your report. I recognise the devastating impact these awful crimes can have on their victims. I would like to reassure you that this Government is committed to tackling all forms of violence against women and girls (VAWG), including domestic and sexual abuse. We have set out an unprecedented mission to halve VAWG in a decade. Improving policing practice is a key part of this, and we have provided £13.1m this year to establish a new National Centre for VAWG and Public Protection which will help drive consistency nationally, including through the development of specialist training on VAWG to ensure that officers are well equipped to manage offences and provide consistent support to victims.”

Source location

Response from Home Office
Page 1 · response
Published 3 July 2026

Open published response

Source evidence

How this respondent position was interpreted

PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

PFD Monitor interpretation

No specific risk to Rebekah was apparent because no domestic abuse allegations or concerning evidence had been reported to or identified by the IOPC.

Verbatim wording from the response

“Prior to Rebekah’s death, the IOPC was not on notice of any allegations of controlling or coercive behaviour or any other domestic abuse allegation in respect of Mr ████████. When in”

Source location

Response from Independent Office for Police Complaints
Page 6 · response
Published 3 July 2026

Open published response

Other statements in published responses

These actions and other statements could not be clearly connected to one concern in this report.

Recipient-stated actions An action is something a recipient says it has done, is doing, or plans to do in response to a concern raised.17

  1. 1

    Reform officer and staff vetting through a new policy, tolerances statement and decision-making framework.

    Stated by Metropolitan Police ServiceStated completedThe respondent said that this action was complete when they made their response on 3 July 2026.
  2. 2

    Deliver DASO awareness sessions, case-study presentations and roadshows to promote reporting of police-perpetrated abuse and sexual offending.

    Stated by Metropolitan Police ServiceStated in progressThe respondent said that this action was in progress when they made their response on 3 July 2026.
  3. 3

    Deliver workforce-wide standards and values training and roll out five days of leadership training on culture and values.

    Stated by Metropolitan Police ServiceStated completedThe respondent said that this action was complete when they made their response on 3 July 2026.
  4. 4

    Complete the Operation Onyx review of historic domestic and sexual allegations against 1,636 personnel, resulting in personnel leaving the service.

    Stated by Metropolitan Police ServiceStated completedThe respondent said that this action was complete when they made their response on 3 July 2026.
  5. 5

    Mandate and track completion of workplace sexual-harassment training for officers and staff.

    Stated by Metropolitan Police ServiceStated completedThe respondent said that this action was complete when they made their response on 3 July 2026.
  6. 6

    Increase professional-standards capacity by investing in 200 additional officers and expanding criminal-conduct investigations.

    Stated by Metropolitan Police ServiceStated completedThe respondent said that this action was complete when they made their response on 3 July 2026.
  7. 7

    Launch and operate a public anti-corruption hotline with Crimestoppers for reporting police wrongdoing, including police-perpetrated abuse.

    Stated by Metropolitan Police ServiceStated completedThe respondent said that this action was complete when they made their response on 3 July 2026.
  8. 8

    Operationalise the 2025 Police Vetting Regulations and require serving officers and police staff to maintain vetting clearance.

    Stated by Metropolitan Police ServiceStated completedThe respondent said that this action was complete when they made their response on 3 July 2026.
  9. 9

    Introduce mandatory Abuse of Position for Sexual Purpose training for all officers and staff and share its safeguarding principles with external agencies.

    Stated by Metropolitan Police ServiceStated completedThe respondent said that this action was complete when they made their response on 3 July 2026.
  10. 10

    Continue actively supporting the Angiolini Inquiry and address recommendations arising from its reports.

    Stated by Metropolitan Police ServiceStated in progressThe respondent said that this action was in progress when they made their response on 3 July 2026.
  11. 11

    Introduce enhanced anti-corruption activity, a dedicated whistleblower-support team and measures to encourage internal reporting.

    Stated by Metropolitan Police ServiceStated completedThe respondent said that this action was complete when they made their response on 3 July 2026.
  12. 12

    Introduce a presumption of dismissal for officers found to have committed gross misconduct.

    Stated by Home OfficeStated completedThe respondent said that this action was complete when they made their response on 3 July 2026.
  13. 13

    Consider the Angiolini Inquiry’s findings and recommendations.

    Stated by Home OfficeStated in progressThe respondent said that this action was in progress when they made their response on 3 July 2026.
  14. 14

    Strengthen requirements for forces to suspend officers investigated for domestic abuse or sexual offences.

    Stated by Home OfficeStated in progressThe respondent said that this action was in progress when they made their response on 3 July 2026.
  15. 15

    Publish the cross-Government Violence Against Women and Girls Strategy setting out the programme’s concrete actions.

    Stated by Home OfficeStated plannedThe respondent said that this action was planned when they made their response on 3 July 2026.
  16. 16

    Place police vetting standards on a statutory footing.

    Stated by Home OfficeStated in progressThe respondent said that this action was in progress when they made their response on 3 July 2026.
  17. 17

    Introduce a route for removing police officers who fail to maintain their vetting.

    Stated by Home OfficeStated completedThe respondent said that this action was complete when they made their response on 3 July 2026.

Recipient positions A position is what a recipient says about a concern when they do not describe a specific action.2

  1. 1

    The IOPC could not investigate alleged offences committed after the officer left policing because it had no jurisdiction over civilian conduct.

    Stated by Independent Office for Police ConductOutside remitThe respondent said that this matter was outside its role or authority.
  2. 2

    After reporting the alleged post-service offences, further investigation and action were the MPS’s responsibility, and the IOPC could properly do nothing further.

    Stated by Independent Office for Police ConductRedirects responsibilityThe respondent said that another organisation was responsible for deciding or taking action.

Source evidence

How this respondent action was interpreted

PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

PFD Monitor interpretation

Reform officer and staff vetting through a new policy, tolerances statement and decision-making framework.

Verbatim wording from the response

“As part of our New Met for London plan, we are reforming the way we vet officers and staff. We have changed our approach and are confident that, following our reforms, only those who meet the highest standards will be granted vetting clearance and able to join the Met. Our policy and practice on screening out individuals, via vetting, who have misogynistic and/or predatory attitudes and behaviours is strong and robust – and believe it is one of the strongest positions taken by any police force in the UK.”

Source location

Response from Metropolitan Police
Page 3 · response
Published 3 July 2026

Open published response

Source evidence

How this respondent action was interpreted

PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

PFD Monitor interpretation

Deliver DASO awareness sessions, case-study presentations and roadshows to promote reporting of police-perpetrated abuse and sexual offending.

Verbatim wording from the response

“In addition to its core business, DASO is committed to raising awareness of PPDA and SO by visiting Basic Command Units (BCUs) and Operational Command Units (OCUs) to present a DASO input, providing anonymised case studies highlighting common themes and reinforcing the reporting of wrongdoing.”

Source location

Response from Metropolitan Police
Page 5 · response
Published 3 July 2026

Open published response

Source evidence

How this respondent action was interpreted

PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

PFD Monitor interpretation

Deliver workforce-wide standards and values training and roll out five days of leadership training on culture and values.

Verbatim wording from the response

“We have delivered training to our whole workforce – that is around 40,000 officers and staff - that underlines our standards, values and provided tools to assist officers and staff to stand up to inappropriate behaviour. We have also rolled out five days of specific leadership training on culture and values.”

Source location

Response from Metropolitan Police
Page 8 · response
Published 3 July 2026

Open published response

Source evidence

How this respondent action was interpreted

PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

PFD Monitor interpretation

Complete the Operation Onyx review of historic domestic and sexual allegations against 1,636 personnel, resulting in personnel leaving the service.

Verbatim wording from the response

“Our legacy review of historic domestic and sexual allegations against 1,636 officers and staff – Operation Onyx – has resulted in 378 leaving the MPS through retirement, resignation or dismissal.”

Source location

Response from Metropolitan Police
Page 9 · response
Published 3 July 2026

Open published response

Source evidence

How this respondent action was interpreted

PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

PFD Monitor interpretation

Mandate and track completion of workplace sexual-harassment training for officers and staff.

Verbatim wording from the response

“Additionally, the MPS has mandated that officers and staff complete training on sexual harassment in the workplace of which compliance for this is also tracked.”

Source location

Response from Metropolitan Police
Page 7 · response
Published 3 July 2026

Open published response

Source evidence

How this respondent action was interpreted

PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

PFD Monitor interpretation

Increase professional-standards capacity by investing in 200 additional officers and expanding criminal-conduct investigations.

Verbatim wording from the response

“We have invested in 200 more professional standards’ officers (working in the MPS’s Directorate of Professional Standards), who proactively seek out wrongdoing, and almost doubled the number of annual criminal conduct investigations to nearly 500 in the year 2023/2024.”

Source location

Response from Metropolitan Police
Page 9 · response
Published 3 July 2026

Open published response

Source evidence

How this respondent action was interpreted

PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

PFD Monitor interpretation

Launch and operate a public anti-corruption hotline with Crimestoppers for reporting police wrongdoing, including police-perpetrated abuse.

Verbatim wording from the response

“We take reports seriously, and support those who make them. In November 2022, we were the first force to partner with Crimestoppers and launched an anti-corruption hotline for the public to report wrongdoing including police perpetrated abuse. This has been rolled out nationally.”

Source location

Response from Metropolitan Police
Page 9 · response
Published 3 July 2026

Open published response

Source evidence

How this respondent action was interpreted

PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

PFD Monitor interpretation

Operationalise the 2025 Police Vetting Regulations and require serving officers and police staff to maintain vetting clearance.

Verbatim wording from the response

“However, from 1st September 2025, the MPS operationalised the Police Vetting Regulations (2025). The regulations, which were laid by the Home Office in April and took effect in May, provide police chiefs the ability to dismiss officers who cannot hold vetting clearance.”

Source location

Response from Metropolitan Police
Page 6 · response
Published 3 July 2026

Open published response

Source evidence

How this respondent action was interpreted

PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

PFD Monitor interpretation

Introduce mandatory Abuse of Position for Sexual Purpose training for all officers and staff and share its safeguarding principles with external agencies.

Verbatim wording from the response

“As part of a recent inspection by HMICFRS, the MPS reviewed HMICFRS Standard 6.1.3, specifically looking at how we seek to raise awareness of Abuse of Position for Sexual Purpose, both internally and externally. As a result, this summer the MPS introduced a mandatory training package for all officers and staff on the subject of APSP.”

Source location

Response from Metropolitan Police
Page 7 · response
Published 3 July 2026

Open published response

Source evidence

How this respondent action was interpreted

PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

PFD Monitor interpretation

Continue actively supporting the Angiolini Inquiry and address recommendations arising from its reports.

Verbatim wording from the response

“In addition to the work being done in the MPS to address the safety of women and girls, the issue is being scrutinised as part of the ongoing Angiolini Inquiry.”

Source location

Response from Metropolitan Police
Page 10 · response
Published 3 July 2026

Open published response

Source evidence

How this respondent action was interpreted

PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

PFD Monitor interpretation

Introduce enhanced anti-corruption activity, a dedicated whistleblower-support team and measures to encourage internal reporting.

Verbatim wording from the response

“Alongside strengthened vetting, we have introduced a range of measures to root out those who should not serve in the MPS. They include a dedicated DASO team with victim care specialists. We have enhanced proactive work under our Anti-Corruption and Abuse Command and we have a dedicated team to support whistle-blowers’. Internal reports have trebled from 405 in 2021/22 to 1,389 in 2024/25.”

Source location

Response from Metropolitan Police
Page 9 · response
Published 3 July 2026

Open published response

Source evidence

How this respondent action was interpreted

PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

PFD Monitor interpretation

Introduce a presumption of dismissal for officers found to have committed gross misconduct.

Verbatim wording from the response

“I take these issues extremely seriously, and this Government is implementing a range of reforms in the police misconduct and vetting systems to help ensure that those who commit heinous crimes such as domestic abuse and sexual offences have no place in policing. In spring this year we introduced a set of reforms, including a route to remove those officers who fail to maintain their vetting, and a presumption of dismissal for any officer found to have committed gross misconduct. We are currently working to place vetting standards on a statutory footing and strengthen requirements on forces to suspend officers under investigation for domestic abuse or sexual offences.”

Source location

Response from Home Office
Page 2 · response
Published 3 July 2026

Open published response

Source evidence

How this respondent action was interpreted

PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

PFD Monitor interpretation

Consider the Angiolini Inquiry’s findings and recommendations.

Verbatim wording from the response

“You may be aware that the independent Angiolini Inquiry is examining a range of issues in policing and the safety of women so that women, and the wider public, can have confidence that the police are there to protect them. The first report of Part 2 of the Inquiry examined the prevention of sexually motivated crimes against women in public spaces and was published on 2 December 2025. It can be found here: The Angiolini Inquiry Part 2 First Report: Prevention of sexually motivated crimes against women in public – The Angiolini Inquiry. The Government is now carefully considering its findings and recommendations.”

Source location

Response from Home Office
Page 2 · response
Published 3 July 2026

Open published response

Source evidence

How this respondent action was interpreted

PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

PFD Monitor interpretation

Strengthen requirements for forces to suspend officers investigated for domestic abuse or sexual offences.

Verbatim wording from the response

“I take these issues extremely seriously, and this Government is implementing a range of reforms in the police misconduct and vetting systems to help ensure that those who commit heinous crimes such as domestic abuse and sexual offences have no place in policing. In spring this year we introduced a set of reforms, including a route to remove those officers who fail to maintain their vetting, and a presumption of dismissal for any officer found to have committed gross misconduct. We are currently working to place vetting standards on a statutory footing and strengthen requirements on forces to suspend officers under investigation for domestic abuse or sexual offences.”

Source location

Response from Home Office
Page 2 · response
Published 3 July 2026

Open published response

Source evidence

How this respondent action was interpreted

PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

PFD Monitor interpretation

Publish the cross-Government Violence Against Women and Girls Strategy setting out the programme’s concrete actions.

Verbatim wording from the response

“Our full programme of work to tackle VAWG will be published in our upcoming cross-Government VAWG Strategy. The Strategy will set out concrete actions to prevent violence and abuse, pursue perpetrators, and provide the support to victims that they deserve.”

Source location

Response from Home Office
Page 1 · response
Published 3 July 2026

Open published response

Source evidence

How this respondent action was interpreted

PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

PFD Monitor interpretation

Place police vetting standards on a statutory footing.

Verbatim wording from the response

“I take these issues extremely seriously, and this Government is implementing a range of reforms in the police misconduct and vetting systems to help ensure that those who commit heinous crimes such as domestic abuse and sexual offences have no place in policing. In spring this year we introduced a set of reforms, including a route to remove those officers who fail to maintain their vetting, and a presumption of dismissal for any officer found to have committed gross misconduct. We are currently working to place vetting standards on a statutory footing and strengthen requirements on forces to suspend officers under investigation for domestic abuse or sexual offences.”

Source location

Response from Home Office
Page 2 · response
Published 3 July 2026

Open published response

Source evidence

How this respondent action was interpreted

PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

PFD Monitor interpretation

Introduce a route for removing police officers who fail to maintain their vetting.

Verbatim wording from the response

“I take these issues extremely seriously, and this Government is implementing a range of reforms in the police misconduct and vetting systems to help ensure that those who commit heinous crimes such as domestic abuse and sexual offences have no place in policing. In spring this year we introduced a set of reforms, including a route to remove those officers who fail to maintain their vetting, and a presumption of dismissal for any officer found to have committed gross misconduct. We are currently working to place vetting standards on a statutory footing and strengthen requirements on forces to suspend officers under investigation for domestic abuse or sexual offences.”

Source location

Response from Home Office
Page 2 · response
Published 3 July 2026

Open published response

Source evidence

How this respondent position was interpreted

PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

PFD Monitor interpretation

The IOPC could not investigate alleged offences committed after the officer left policing because it had no jurisdiction over civilian conduct.

Verbatim wording from the response

“At the time the messages were sent to Ms B, December 2023, Mr ████████ had already been dismissed from the MPS. Therefore at the time these potential offences appear to have been committed, he was an ordinary civilian and not a person serving with police. As a result, the IOPC had no jurisdiction to investigate Ms B’s disclosures itself. The only proper”

Source location

Response from Independent Office for Police Complaints
Page 5 · response
Published 3 July 2026

Open published response

Source evidence

How this respondent position was interpreted

PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

PFD Monitor interpretation

After reporting the alleged post-service offences, further investigation and action were the MPS’s responsibility, and the IOPC could properly do nothing further.

Verbatim wording from the response

“action open to the IOPC in the circumstance was to report the potential offences to the MPS, which it duly did – at the latest by 25 March 2024.”

Source location

Response from Independent Office for Police Complaints
Page 6 · response
Published 3 July 2026

Open published response
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Information checked against the published report and official responses · Data reviewed 7 Sep 2026 · About data quality and limitations

Official responses located
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Data last updated 7 September 2026