Lamarah Grace Scarlett · Prevention of Future Deaths report

On the 28th November 2022 I commenced an investigation into the death of Lamarah Grace Scarlett. The investigation concluded at the end of the inquest on the 3 – 5th June 2024. The conclusion of the inquest was a narrative conclusion. The medical cause of death was 1A Unascertained.

Lamarah Grace Scarlett “Lamarah” was a 12 year old girl who suffered with alternating hemiplegia of childhood (AHC) which is characterised by repeated episodes of weakness or paralysis. On the 24th September 2021 she had attended school. Lamarah had appeared happy and well during the day. At the end of the day Lamarah appeared to be tired. Staff did not feel she was presenting with any signs of a seizure or paralysis. At approximately 1500 hours she is secured in her wheelchair by staff and placed on a minibus to be transported to her home address. She is accompanied by a driver and a passenger assistant. During the journey Lamarah appears to be in distress, and is experiencing breathing difficulties. It is probable that Lamarah was suffering from a significant and profound episode of muscle weakness which made her unable to reposition her head to an upright position. Her head was in a hyper extended position, which caused her airway to become obstructed and led to her becoming acutely hypoxic. Neither the passenger assistant or the driver on the bus is aware of this. They do not raise the alarm or seek further assistance. If Lamarah’s head had been supported in an upright position and/or if she had been placed in recovery position, it is likely that her airway would have opened up. However it remains unclear whether this would have enabled sufficient airflow to her lungs as she had significant truncal weakness. At approximately 15.45 hours Lamarah arrives at her home address in an unresponsive state. Her mother commences resuscitation efforts, and emergency services soon thereafter arrive. Despite extensive resuscitation efforts, Lamarah is pronounced deceased at 16.45 hours.

Whether there is sufficient regulation of transport operators who provide category 1 home to school transport services to Special Educational Needs children?

The following specific issues were identified:
• The patient safety plans are not always read and understood by transport crew,
• Home visits between passenger and transport crew often do not occur when contractually required,
• The local authority are often not notified of personnel changes in the transport crew,
• The need for proper handovers at drop off and pick up is not understood
• There is no requirement for transport crew to be qualified first aiders,
• The passenger assessment test requires further improvement,
• There is no comprehensive schedule for inspection of transport operators,
• There is no mandatory training or forums for operators to attend where information can be cascaded to them.
• Operators have to approach multiple organisations which leads to confusion and inconsistency.