Wessam al Jundi · Prevention of Future Deaths report

On 23 May 2024 I commenced an investigation into the death of Wessam al Jundi, age 28. The investigation has not yet concluded and the inquest has not yet been heard.

Diagnosis of severe silicosis lung disease. Awaiting lung transplant. Admitted on Friday 17th May 2024 for potential lung transplant to Harefield Hospital. Had deteriorated since last review with pulmonary hypertension. Bedside echo showed severe pulmonary hypertension with pericardial effusion and left ventricular compromise. Not suitable for transplant as too unwell. Deteriorated and died in hospital on 22 May 2024.

Cause of death

1a Respiratory Failure
1b Silicosis (Occupational lung disease)

Wessam had been working with artificial stone products which contain a very high percentage of Crystalline silica content. The dust created when these products are cut, sanded and carved creates respirable crystalline silica (RCS) and is too fine to see with normal lighting. It is recognised to cause silicosis if inhaled which causes a hardening or scarring of the lung tissue with initially no symptoms. Once silicosis develops it is untreatable apart from offering lung transplantation.

The health risks are almost entirely preventable if exposure to dust is adequately controlled.

This young man presented with an untreatable lung condition probably caused by exposure to RCS in his workplace. This company, “Yes, Marble Ltd” is no longer trading.

Any current surveillance health and safety monitoring is unlikely to achieve a satisfactory outcome as the onset of untreatable disease predates the 15 year surveillance programmes. In this case exposure appears to have commenced in May 2016 and he was diagnosed with silicosis in 2021, a mere 5 years after initial exposure. Evidence from photographs and an in-life statement suggest Wessam was working in completely unsafe conditions to avoid dust exposure.
Australia has already taken the decision in 2024 to ban these artificial stone products. There are a number of patients in the UK currently awaiting lung transplants due to RCS exposure from their workplaces.

The last 2 decades have seen rapid growth in the use of artificial stone and this death demonstrates the emergence of a severe progressive accelerated form of silicosis. Many of the companies specialising in the finishing process of working with this product have a small number of employees and their appears to be an absence of safe working conditions, with no adequate water suppression systems for the dust created, in adequate respiratory personal protection equipment and absent or inadequate ventilatory systems. This is therefore continuing to put the workforce at risk of death due to untreatable lung compromise.