PFD report

Dominic Edward Arthur HURLEY · Prevention of Future Deaths report

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Issued 18 Nov 2025•West Sussex, Brighton and Hove

Report record

Published report and response evidence

This page connects the concerns raised in this report with statements found in recipients’ published responses. A link shows a clear evidence connection; it does not assign responsibility.

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Concerns
1

Raised in this report

Recipients
2

Named on the report

Responses found
1

Of 2 recipients

Stated actions
5

Described in responses

Source document

Full report text

This is the full text from the original published report.

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Concerns and recipient responses

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Report evidence summary

Concerns raised1

  1. Overreliance on self-declaration questionnaires without further enquiry or access to previous medical history
    Part of recurring concern: Failure to investigate concerning presentations beyond initial appearance and self-reportPart of recurring concern: Unreliable access to relevant clinical records for safe carePart of recurring concern: Unreliable medical fitness controls for diversPart of recurring concern: Unsafe diving operationsPart of recurring concern: Unsafe reliance on clinical questionnaires during patient assessment
Responses linked to these concerns

Each statement is shown once, even when linked to more than one concern.

Actions described in response An action is something a recipient says it has done, is doing, or plans to do in response to a concern raised.2

  1. Action

    Remind members at renewal and through periodic newsletters to complete medical declarations accurately.

    Stated by Sub-Aqua AssociationStated plannedThe respondent said that this action was planned when they made their response on 19 November 2025.
  2. Action

    Include immersion pulmonary oedema in the diving medical screening declaration.

    Stated by Sub-Aqua AssociationStated completedThe respondent said that this action was complete when they made their response on 19 November 2025.

Respondent positions A position is what a recipient says about a concern when it does not describe a specific action.1

  1. Position

    Revised medical screening forms and existing training changes are considered sufficient to mitigate the risk of immersion pulmonary oedema in diving.

    Stated by Sub-Aqua AssociationExisting arrangements considered sufficientThe respondent said that existing arrangements were sufficient, so no further action was needed.

Source evidence

How this individual concern was interpreted

PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the report wording shown below. Response links show a clear evidence connection; they do not assign responsibility.

PFD Monitor interpretation

Overreliance on self-declaration questionnaires without further enquiry or access to previous medical history

Wider context from the report

“In 2018 Mr Hurley suffered shortness of breath and pulmonary oedema during a dive in Malta. This led to him having a heart bypass on his return to the UK. There was significant family history of cardiac related issues. Time passed but in 2021 and 2023 Mr Hurley sort to renew his diving licence. Mr Hurley completed his self declaration questionnaire. At no stage did he declare the events in 2018 in relation to his dive and nor did he discuss this with the Dr assessing him. It is likely that he Dr been aware of the previous diving incident a different course of action may have taken. There is currently too much reliance placed on the self declaration questionnaire without any further enquiry or access to previous medical history. This leads to a false sense of reality and put the diver and others at potential risk of death on further dives. ”

Is this part of a recurring concern?

Yes — Failure to investigate concerning presentations beyond initial appearance and self-report; Unreliable access to relevant clinical records for safe care; Unreliable medical fitness controls for divers; Unsafe diving operations; Unsafe reliance on clinical questionnaires during patient assessment.

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Source evidence

How this respondent action was interpreted

PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

PFD Monitor interpretation

Remind members at renewal and through periodic newsletters to complete medical declarations accurately.

Verbatim wording from the response

“I believe that the SAA has advised its membership and revised their training programme in such a manner as to have already implemented the changes required to mitigate the risk of IPO when diving, in so far as any risk can be mitigated. However, the SAA will ensure that the membership is reminded of the importance of accurately completing medical by emphasising the fact at renewal and with periodic reminders in their newsletters.”

Source location

Response from Sub Aqua Association Space Solutions Business Centre
Page 2 · response
Published 19 November 2025

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Source evidence

How this respondent action was interpreted

PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

PFD Monitor interpretation

Include immersion pulmonary oedema in the diving medical screening declaration.

Verbatim wording from the response

“The SAA use the medical screening system managed by the UKDMC (United Kingdom Diving Medical Committee) (https://www.ukdmc.org/). I have checked my medical form archive and note that “immersion induced pulmonary oedema” was introduced in the May 2020 version of the declaration at question 17. The current version, May 2024, of the form has this at question 16.”

Source location

Response from Sub Aqua Association Space Solutions Business Centre
Page 1 · response
Published 19 November 2025

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Source evidence

How this respondent position was interpreted

PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

PFD Monitor interpretation

Revised medical screening forms and existing training changes are considered sufficient to mitigate the risk of immersion pulmonary oedema in diving.

Verbatim wording from the response

“I believe that the revision to the current dive medical screening forms now meet the change you are now seeking to make.”

Source location

Response from Sub Aqua Association Space Solutions Business Centre
Page 2 · response
Published 19 November 2025

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Other statements in published responses

These actions and other statements could not be clearly connected to one concern in this report.

Recipient-stated actions An action is something a recipient says it has done, is doing, or plans to do in response to a concern raised.3

  1. 1

    Incorporate identification and treatment of immersion pulmonary oedema into the One Star, Two Star, and emergency first-aid training programmes.

    Stated by Sub-Aqua AssociationStated completedThe respondent said that this action was complete when they made their response on 19 November 2025.
  2. 2

    Publish membership newsletter articles addressing immersion pulmonary oedema prevention, identification, and treatment.

    Stated by Sub-Aqua AssociationStated completedThe respondent said that this action was complete when they made their response on 19 November 2025.
  3. 3

    Include the existing immersion pulmonary oedema training changes in additional syllabuses as those syllabuses are reviewed.

    Stated by Sub-Aqua AssociationStated plannedThe respondent said that this action was planned when they made their response on 19 November 2025.

Source evidence

How this respondent action was interpreted

PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

PFD Monitor interpretation

Incorporate identification and treatment of immersion pulmonary oedema into the One Star, Two Star, and emergency first-aid training programmes.

Verbatim wording from the response

“IPO in diving was discussed at length by the BDSG in 2019. The response to the feedback the SAA have incorporated the identification and treatment of IPO in:”

Source location

Response from Sub Aqua Association Space Solutions Business Centre
Page 2 · response
Published 19 November 2025

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Source evidence

How this respondent action was interpreted

PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

PFD Monitor interpretation

Publish membership newsletter articles addressing immersion pulmonary oedema prevention, identification, and treatment.

Verbatim wording from the response

“The SAA have included articles about IPO in two newsletters to SAA membership:”

Source location

Response from Sub Aqua Association Space Solutions Business Centre
Page 2 · response
Published 19 November 2025

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Source evidence

How this respondent action was interpreted

PFD Monitor created a concise, searchable interpretation from the published response wording shown below.

PFD Monitor interpretation

Include the existing immersion pulmonary oedema training changes in additional syllabuses as those syllabuses are reviewed.

Verbatim wording from the response

“Whilst the three changes already implemented in the SAA training programme reference will also be included in other syllabuses as they are reviewed.”

Source location

Response from Sub Aqua Association Space Solutions Business Centre
Page 2 · response
Published 19 November 2025

Open published response
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Information checked against the published report and official responses · Data reviewed 7 Sep 2026 · About data quality and limitations

Official responses located
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Data last updated 7 September 2026