Investigation and inquest
Marina Fagan died on 6 October 2015, aged 50 years, from a rare but severe neurological disorder, Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome/Reversible Cerebral Vasoconstriction Syndrome (hereafter PRES). An inquest into her death was heard on 22 April 2016, at which I recorded a conclusion of natural causes.
Circumstances of the death
Ms Fagan was admitted to hospital on 17 September 2015, suffering with a headache. She was discharged on 19 September after investigations ruled out a subarachnoid haemorrhage. On that day she reattended the Accident and Emergency department of the same hospital suffering from headache and was discharged after a neurological examination showed no abnormalities. A recommendation was made to her GP to refer her to neurology outpatients.
This referral was undertaken on 24 September but Ms Fagan reattended hospital on 25 September with further headache symptoms. She became confused on 26 September but it was not until 29 September that a clinical review demonstrated the presence of visual loss and eye movement palsy. An MRI was undertaken on 30 September, which demonstrated PRES; transfer to a tertiary care hospital occurred.
Despite supportive treatment Ms Fagan died from PRES on 6 October 2015.
Coroner’s concerns
(1) I heard evidence from the neurologist who treated Ms Fagan that, had the headache been persisting on 19 September (which was unclear from the evidence), then he would have expected to be involved in her care. He went on to state that an MRI would have been requested on that day. He also set out his expectation that neurology input should have been initiated after Ms Fagan developed confusion on 26 September, at which point an MRI would also have been requested. However, it was clear from his evidence that, even had PRES been diagnosed earlier, it would not have been treatable, given the severity of the condition.
This witness set out his concern that, nationwide, there are insufficient neurologists to provide necessary specialist care. He noted that in the out of hours setting, although there were neurologists available the nearby tertiary care hospital, none were on-call in the hospital to which Ms Fagan was initially admitted.
Ms Fagan's general practitioner set out that the current waiting time to see a neurologist in the outpatient setting, is 72 days.
Given the issues regarding availability of specialist neurological care, I am concerned that future deaths will occur in similar circumstances.